浅析西方传统美术与现代美术对比

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1、xxxxxxx院xx系xxxx届x科毕业论文 题目:浅析西方传统美术与现代美术对比作 者：xxx指导教师：xxx研究方向：文化年级班级：xxx完成时间： xxxx年x月On the contrast of Western traditional art and modern artxxx（XX学校英文名）. Tutor: XXXSpecialty:XXX Direction: Culture X, XXXX摘 要随着科技发展，生活质量的提高，越来越多的人开始关注艺术，以陶冶情操。欣赏并收集美术作品便是其中一种方式，其中，不乏有部分人钟爱于西方美术作品。然而，美术作品层出不穷，却又少之又少的人对

2、西方美术作品有深入了解；人们只能从色彩和线条进行区分，至于细节：时期、风格、流派等人们却所知甚少。 本文采用论述、对比等方法，分别对时间、特点、流派、代表作家及其代表作等几方面，对传统西方美术和西方现代美术进行了分析。表明西方美术并不是自始至终只有色彩运用和绘画线条的变化，更有形式以及所绘画目的的过度。 关键词：西方传统美术；西方现代美术；流派；代表作AbstractWith the develop of technological, and improve of lifes quality. More and more people are beginning to focus on art

3、, it is can cultivate their sentiments. One of the ways is appreciate and collect the works of art, in these people, there are lots of people fall in love with the works of Western art. However, more and more works of art are published, few people have a good understanding of Western art works; peop

4、le only distinguish by color and line, the details including period, style, genre and so on, people just know little about these. This paper analyses Western traditional art and Western modern art from time, characteristics, schools, painters and their representative works. It shows us the Western a

5、rt not only have changes of color or lines of painting, but also have the changes of form and purpose of painting.Key words: Western traditional art; Western modern art; schools; representative works ContentsIntroduction.1Chapter One The historical event table.31.1 Primitive times.31.2 Ancient Greec

6、e and Rome.31.3 Middle Ages.31.4 Renaissance.41.5 17-18 century.41.6 19th century.41.7 20th century.5Chapter Two Character.62.1 Traditional painting.62.2 Modern painting.6Chapter Three Schools.73.1 Traditional painting.73.2 Classicism .73.3 Anti-classicism.73.4Modern painting.73.5 The structure of e

7、mphasize form.83.6 Expressionism.83.7 The grotesque dreams. .8Chapter Four representative. . . .104.1Traditional painting. .104.1.1 Jan Van Eyck. . .104.1.2 Works.104.2 Modern painting. .104.2.1Vincent Willem van Gogh.,. .104.2.2 Works.10Conclusion.12Bibliography.13IntroductionArt has become an indi

8、spensable element of peoples modern living. People enjoy the visual enjoyment which from arts works, they are keen on collecting works of art, and research the value of the works of art. Most people just can distinguish the color and the line, few people have in-depth study in the works of art. Not

9、to mention how to distinguish Western traditional painting and Western modern painting. To help people have more knowledge and deeper understanding of Western art, the paper have a comparison and analysis of Western traditional painting and Western modern painting from some angles. First, the paper

10、have a description in Western art culture from the time of order, we can see clearly the Western art culture from since ancient times to now, the Western art cultures Western traditional painting, Western modern painting, the birth of the different arts, the different style of art are alternated and

11、 replaced and the heyday of every art style. Second, as the paper is mainly analysis the Western traditional painting and the Western modern painting, so this part the paper will analysis their characteristics of the Western traditional painting and the Western modern painting, it is from the purpos

12、e of painting and methods of expression to analysis their characteristics. There are difference performance and expression between the Western traditional painting and the Western modern painting, but the most basic essence which they pursuit are same. Third, the biggest difference between the Weste

13、rn traditional painting and the Western modern painting should be the schools. After thousands of years, especially after Renaissance, no matter the Western traditional painting or the Western modern painting, both of them have formed a lot of schools. Of course, the birth of a new school must be wi

14、th a new approach of creative and expression, as well as the pursuit of goals, therefore, the paper will also introduce some style of painting which people can usually find in our daily life, but not understand well. Finally, To let people know more about the Western traditional painting and the Wes

15、tern modern painting, in the part this paper will introduce some representative painters and their works. Hope that after reading the paper, those people who love Western art works and can have a deeper understanding of Western art, and more love art.Chapter One The historical event tableFrom the hi

16、storical event table, is not difficult to find that the Western modern painting is replacing slowly the Western traditional painting.1.1 Primitive timesNo Greek, no art and science, no slavery, no Rome Empire, no Greek culture or Rome Empire, there would be not modern European. Because of the war an

17、d natural, there is not left any purely Greek painting, the only material from the Greek vase painting”, Greek art have two pursuits, the one is exact reproduction, another one is elegant and harmonious. Understanding of Roman painting is mainly come from Pompeii.1.2 Ancient Greece and RomeThe earli

18、est human paintings produced in the late Paleolithic, the art of this period continued for about 10,000 years, for the last 5000 years of the Paleolithic, almost all of the pictures are concentrated in here, 1.7 million years to 1.2 million years ago, in the Gede Lin cultural period, these oldest pi

19、ctures are drawn on the cliffs of the original caves, great momentum and lifelike, called masterpiece of naturalism. The murals on France Lascaux Cave and Spain Altamira cave, they are outstanding representatives1.3 Middle AgesThe long period of the Middle Ages (476-15 century), between in the end o

20、f classical civilization and the beginning of the revival. Many people think that medieval art is grotesquery, confused, even dismissed as ugly, some people think that the art of this time is rich, it is reflects the oriental culture, it is a fusion of Greek and Roman culture and the barbarian cultu

21、ral . In the medieval, Christian is dominant, so, the painting is also service for it. The service consists of five parts, first, the painting of Early Christian(2-5 century), second，Byzantine painting (5-15 century), third, barbarian and the Carolingian Renaissance, fourth, the Romanesque (10-12 ce

22、ntury), Fifth, Gothic (12-15 century).1.4 RenaissanceItaly is the center of Renaissance, the painters of the early 14-15 century Giotto, Masaccio and so on, they combined with humanistic ideals and the realistic depiction of nature, Though there are still traces of dull,but showing realism which is

23、a different style with medieval. The end of the 15th century to the mid-16th century, painters reach a consensus on the terms of true and elegant, literary three heroes, Leonardo Di Ser Piero Da Vinci, Michelangelo Simoni and Raphael Sanzio. The painters of venetian school focus on the performance o

24、f light and shade, pursuit the mood of hedonism, and had a profound impact. The 1520-1590,the painter of approach,they do not care about the expression of works content, have great enthusiasm on form factors, Interested in manifestations twisted posture, peculiar perspective and brilliant colors, it

25、 is reflects a different taste with the classical aesthetic spirit of the Renaissance. In addition, the Netherlands, Germany and France also fusion of Italian style with local traditional style of painting, to become their own painting style.1.5 17-18 centuryWestern painting created a vibrant new si

26、tuation in 17th century. To Italy, Teresa Fernandez, the Netherlands, Spain and France as a representative. Generally can be divided into three types, first, Baroque, the characteristics of strong momentum, dramatic, contrast of light and shadow and spatial illusion. Second, classicism and academism

27、, classicism emphasized rationality, performance of forms and types, neglect spiritual of artist, expression of sensual and fun. Third, realism, refusal to follow the norms of classical art and the ideal beauty, Reluctant to landscaping natural, is to faithfully depict natural.Western painting in th

28、e 18th century, rococo style flourished, at the same time, realism also been developed. Characteristics of Rococo is Gorgeous, tiny, pursuit delicate sensual pleasure of elegant, exotic, Yan light.1.6 19th centuryFrench painting plays a dominant role in Europe. The development of French painting is

29、roughly divided into Neoclassicism, Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, New Impressionist and Post-impressionist and so on stage.1.7 20th centuryAt this time, appears many modernist thought, parted ways in the theories and concepts of art and traditional painting. Modernist emphasis on express the

30、subjective emotional, emphasis on purely art and language of paintings own value, they exclude utilitarian, also took exception to the factors of description and reproducibility, they think the most important is organization screen structure, express inner emotions to create a mysterious dream. The

31、main genres have Fauvism, Cubism, Paris School, Expressionism, the Vienna Secession, Style Marxism, Dadaism Metaphysical Painting, Surrealism, Supremacist, Abstract Expressionism, Spectroscopy art, Light effects, Newsurrealism, Super-realism.Chapter Two CharacterWestern painting emphasizes on the us

32、e of color, Rafaels The School of Athens is one of the typical piece. This is also the most essential distinction between the western painting and Chinese painting.2.1 Traditional paintingThese painters who are committed to the pursuit of pure art, think that traditional painting adulteration too ma

33、ny non-art impurities. The western traditional painting is pay attention to artistry, in fact, it is not only pay attention to artistry, but also pay attention to many aspects of non-artistic. Traditional painting in this art, it have not purely, is mainly in the utilitarian and descriptive and so o

34、n. Western traditional painting, one of its characteristic is emphasizes description. Long-term since, painters have been put expression of story and legends effectively, depict the specific circumstances, to express some meaning or symbolism, as their task. This descriptive is fully reflects by the

35、 works “Arnaud Fanny couple portrait” of Jan Van Eyck. For traditional painting, basic goal is to reproduce the arts fundamental.2.2 Modern paintingModern painting pursuits of pure art, on utilitarian and descriptive, it is not similar with traditional painting. This is probably the important sign o

36、f distinguish between traditional painting and modernist painting. However for traditional painting, main features of modern painting is also reproducibility, but this reproducibility is not immutable and frozen on the depiction of natural. Modern painting with a strong style in the realism includin

37、g the times, nation, and the artists own style.Chapter Three SchoolsA different schools have different styles, from the style of painting is not difficult to see the background of the time. So, the painting not only a work, but a representative of time. 3.1 Traditional paintingClassicism and anti-cl

38、assicism, they are the two mainstream of the art of painting in Western tradition. The former showed for Renaissance Classical reactionary, the latter reflects incompatible with neoclassicism3.2 ClassicismClassical painting characteristic is biased towards the rationality, especially the characteris

39、tics of form reflected in attach importance to sketching and scorn the color. Classicism pursuits solemn and serene, pure , harmonious.3.3 Anti-classicismAnti-classical is biased towards enthusiastic and emotion. It is emphasize the spirit of freedom and indulgence, the momentum of wealthy and spect

40、acular, and the emotion of turmoil and vehement. It is fully manifested in the Baroque and Romantic art.3.4 Modern paintingModernist period, in the field of painting, produced diverse factions and trend of thought. Abstract art virtue of the volume and clumps of non-specific image to set up a three-

41、dimensional spaces shape and structure, that its away from the peoples daily visual, almost no any connection with the natural objects. Expressionism its way of painting is exaggerated and deformed; it makes works become a symbol of the spiritual and emotional. Surrealistic fantasy use many visual i

42、mage with full of fantasy and symbolic to take people to a spiritual world, the world is ethereal and transcendent. Looking at modernist painting, is not difficult to see the common characteristics is disregard for objective representation and emphasizes subjective performance.3.5 The structure of e

43、mphasize formThe structure of emphasize form Is a schools of modern painting. In order to structure, the cubist painter not hesitate sacrifice reproducibility. Images in their pen, are decomposed completely, and reduced to the basic element and many block face. Analytic Cubism by decomposing images,

44、 collocated and connected to different block faces, and get the clear picture structure. Consolidated a variety of materials of Cubism used to collage block face with a variety of materials, show slightly the specific shape of objects, but its goal is display the unity and independence of the painti

45、ng world. In order to pursue the constituted order of the painting, Piet Cornelies Mondria went to the symbolism and abstract, his developed his minimalist collection of abstract schemata including tree primary colors, three non-color, and he mesh structure of “the horizontal line - perpendicular ,

46、seek absolute balance between the various elements.3.6 ExpressionismThe Expressionistic is the second largest mainstream of modernist painting. The painters of Expressionist concerns the expression of inner feelings and spirit, they believe art is not the objectively reproduction，but the representat

47、ion of the soul. In the painting of Vincent Willem van Gogh, landscape is mad, the mountain is commotion, the moon and nebula are rotating, cypress trees like a round and round huge black flames scrolls straight on the sky. And the Norwegian painter who are always in the eulogize to life, love and d

48、eath, Edvard Munch, he used the way of extreme exaggeration, vividly demonstrated the extreme loneliness and anguish of the human.3.7 The grotesque dreamsExpression the grotesque dreams, it is the third mainstream of modernist painting. This typical representative of the mainstream is the metaphysic

49、al faction and super-realist painting. According to the view of Sigmund Freud, Dream is the unconscious, the subconscious, it is one of the most direct way to manifestation, It is a vent, that the instinct not be accepted completely, It is use a distorted way to denudation the nature of the humans d

50、epths of the soul. Artistic creation as same as dream, it is the expression of subconscious and symbolism. Painters believed that dreams can display the eternal life and the other side of eternal life, only corrective reality and change reality by dream, they would can tear down the wall and get to

51、the the other side of eternal life, achieve the marvelous realm of surreal. The painter of Italian metaphysical faction，Giorgio de Chirico is regarded as a pioneer in super-realist painting. His created the most disturbing dream scenes works in the modern art. On the desolate Italy square, shrouded

52、ominous clouds, dead light makes people afraid, seems to be a sort of threat is frozen in there, forever, the mutually exclusive things meet in the clear light, the accidental and absurd content makes us feel uneasy, however, the singular between images and clear breath, also has some magical and sp

53、ecial charm. As the writer Comte de Lautramont said,” It is as beauty as the encounter of a sewing machine and a parasol on the operation table”. The pursuit of super-realist painter is that dreamy effect. They put their own whimsy in the appearance of the world, This strange ideas come from these e

54、lusive factor，Sex, death, metamorphosis Chapter Four representativeIn each period, there are representative painters and representative works, this Chapter, the paper will discourse these painters and their works.4.1Traditional painting4.1.1 Jan Van EyckJan Van Eyck (1385 -1441), painter of the Neth

55、erlands. In the painting of early Netherland, he is one of the greatest painters, he is also the founder of the Nordic Gothic painting in fifteenth century. The founder of Netherlands Renaissance art, the key figure of the painting formative period. Because he made a unique contribution to the devel

56、opment of oil painting techniques, he is known as the father of oil painting.4.1.2 Works“Arnaud Fanny couple portrait” of Jan Van Eyck is called extraordinary in the history art. Painter realistically portrayed the image of a typical asset, it is not only reproduce the appearance and personality tra

57、its of the couple, but also use extremely realistic depiction of the indoor environment, the painting shows the special shape of the painter. It is said that this subtle depiction ,even the modern photographer is admired. To expand the space by the reflection of mirror, it is another characteristics

58、 of the masterpiece, the artistic feature has a great influence and inspiration for the later genre painting of Dutch.4.2 Modern painting4.2.1Vincent Willem van GoghVincent Willem van Gogh(18531890),the painter of Dutch Post-Impressionist. He is a pioneer of the Expressionist, and have deeply influe

59、nced in the art of the twentieth century, especially Fauvism and expressionism of German. His works, such as Starry Night and Sunflowers have entered the the ranks of worlds well-known and expensive works of art. July 29, 1890, Van Gogh because of mental illness suicide in France Oise River.4.2.2 Wo

60、rksStarry Night is a painting of distant and intimate. The universe of Van Gogh can last forever in Starry Night. Those outbreak stars have close relationship with the space exploration of era, it is better than the era of mystical beliefs. However, this phantom is spend a lot of effort to create. T

61、his painting shows Vincent Willem van Gogh is good at grasp of excellent means of modeling.ConclusionThe paper is from several aspects to analysis the Western traditional painting and the Western modern painting. Not only discourse the characteristics of the Western traditional painting and the Western modern painting, but also discourse the different schools between the Western traditional painting and the Western modern painting. After discuss the schools, the paper give some ex