GlobalizationattheTurnoftheMillennium

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1、Ch. 33GlobalizationGrowing trade, travel, and new technologies bring the world into closer economic, political, and cultural integration and interactionAppealElections remain a peaceful way to settle differences among social classes, cultural groups, and regions.Recent shifts to democracy in Eastern

2、 Europe and Russia Latin America Asia, Indonesia, and China (free expression) Africa (South Africa) Middle East (towardIraq, Afghanistan)United NationsNations may intervene in a states affairs only when seriously threatened or when a state is engaging in extreme human rights abusesSlow and difficult

3、 to respond in agreementUnited States emerges as the lone superpowerIntervention in Yugoslavia conflict Intervention in Rwanda (Genocide)Cold War spurs Nuclear Weapons programs and restrictionsNuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (1970)United States, France, United Kingdom, Russia, ChinaIndia, Pakistan,

4、North Korea, Iran, Israel Fears of Weapons of Mass Destruction and use by terrorist organizations 1998: Clinton bombs Khartoum (Sudan) in suspicion of chemical weapons1998: Bin Laden retaliates in Kenya and Tanzania (American Embassies)2001: Bin Laden retaliates in NYC2001: President Bush Declares “

5、War on Terrorism” Bush pushes into AfghanistanBush pushes for extension into IraqCampaigns against U.S. ImperialismUN calls for inspectors to withdraw upon finding no evidence of WMDs2003: U.S. and Britain continue with military force invades IraqUN Security Council authorizes American and British o

6、ccupationLift sanctions on petroleum exportsFree Market Economy Thrives1991-2000 Rapid Expansion in Manufacturing and TradeTransition from Communism to CapitalismEconomic growth begins to falter in 2001 (down 12%)Butimprovements are made in length and quality of lifeFormation of Free-Trade zones and

7、 regional trade associationsEuropean UnionNorth American Free Trade Agreement U.S., Canada, MexicoWorld Trade Organization (1995) Reduce trade barriers Enforce trade agreementsInternational Monetary Fund / World Bank Assistance to countries in economic trouble Africa, Middle EastNew age of increased

8、 prosperity, peace, democracy, environmental protection, and human rightsDivision between modernity and tradition The Lexus and the Olive Tree, Friedman.Video break-Christians believe that 2000 is the holy year increase in pressure to convertDecline in the Ottoman Empire leads Muslims to favor their

9、 sacred pastContinuing conflict between Israel and Palestinians and U.S. involvement increases hatred for U.S.American use of bases in Saudi ArabiaAmerican invasion of Iraq (1990-91, 2001)Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)Slavery, torture, cruel and inhuman punishment, arbitrary arrest, de

10、tention, and exile.Freedom of movement, assembly, and thoughtNongovernmental Organizations (NGO)Focus on equal access to education, jobs, quality of life, ending sexual exploitation, gaining control of reproductionNeed and desire to focus on more important issuesEconomic conditions, rape, AIDSWhat s

11、hould we be concerned with?Are Western goods and ideas taking over the world?What have electronics done to the worlds populations?Radio, TV, Computer, InternetMTV, CNN, BBCWhere are we now?Is it American Cultural Imperialism?Michael Jackson, Jordan, McDonalds, Wheel of FortuneWhat about Global Pop Culture?Latin American Soap OperasIndian/ Asian films Crouching Tiger, Hidden DragonGlobal BrandsSony, Mitsubishi, Mercedes, NestleLanguage: EnglishScience: Biology, Chemistry, PhysicsWestern DrugsUniversityIs Global culture replacing Primary Cultures, or will it remain Secondary?