电力系统继电保护毕业论文35kV输电线路距离保护设计30180

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1、内蒙古科技大学电力系统继电保护课程设计目 录摘要：- 2 -关键词- 2 -第一章 概述- 3 -1.1继电保护概述- 3 -第二章- 3 -内蒙古科技大学课程设计任务书- 3 -第三章 距离保护- 6 -3.1 距离保护概念及适用范围- 6 -3.2 阻抗继电器- 8 -3.2.1阻抗继电器的动作特性和动作方程- 9 -3.2.2 阻抗继电器的实现方法- 12 -3.3 距离保护的整定的计算- 13 -3.3.1 距离段的整定- 13 -3.3.2 距离段的整定- 13 -3.3.3 距离段的整定- 15 -总结- 18 -参考文献- 19 -摘 要继电保护是对运行中电力系统的设备和线路，在

2、一定范围内经常监测有无发生异常或事故情况，并能发出跳闸命令或信号的自动装置。必须具有正确区分被保护元件是处于正常运行状态还是发生了故障，是保护区内故障还是区外故障的功能。距离保护是继电保护中的一种利用阻抗继电器测量电压与电流的比值若此值小于整定值则继电器动作。距离保护不仅比电流保护具有更高的选择性，尤其在多电源复杂网络中。而且较电流保护具有更高的灵敏性。但是距离保护段是瞬时动作，只能保护线路全长的8085%。受系统振荡、短路点过渡电阻、电压回路断线等因素的影响。关键词： 距离保护 阻抗继电器 距离保护整定第一章 概述1.1继电保护概述继电保护是对运行中电力系统的设备和线路，在一定范围内经常监测

3、有无发生异常或事故情况，并能发出跳闸命令或信号的自动装置。以及研究电力系统故障和危及安全运行的异常工况，以探讨其对策的反事故自动化措施，使之免受遭损害。继电保护装置必须具有正确区分被保护元件是处于正常运行状态还是发生了故障，是保护区内故障还是区外故障的功能。保护装置要实现这一功能，需要根据电力系统发生故障前后电气物理量变化的特征为基础来构成。继电保护装置为了完成它的任务，必须在技术上满足选择性、速动性、灵敏性和可靠性四个基本要求。继电保护是随着电力系统的发展从电磁式保护装置到晶体管式继电保护装置、到集成电路继电保护装置、再到微机继电保护装置。最终继电保护技术向计算机化、网络化、一体化、智能化方

4、向发展。第二章内蒙古科技大学课程设计任务书课程名称电力系统继电保护原理设计题目35kV输电线路距离保护设计指导教师张继红时间1周一、教学要求电力系统继电保护课程设计是培养学生应用理论知识的一种综合训练。本课程设计教学要求是：（1）理论与实践紧密联系；（2）学习电力系统保护的配置原则以及整定计算方法。（3）训练学生工程CAD制图方法。（4）学习保护配置原则、整定原则、灵敏系数要求以及灵敏系数校验方法。通过课程设计，使学生系统地掌握电力系统保护配置、整定计算方法与目的。二、设计资料及参数（一）设计原始资料1、电压等级及相数：35kV三相2、输电距离：50km 3、线路单位阻抗0.4欧/km三、设计

5、要求及成果1、深入分析现有距离保护的思路方法，对书本理论知识进行灵活运用，切忌机械地搬套与拼凑，提出自己的新观点或可行性方案、绘制具体原理图。2、独立思考，在课程设计过程中对距离保护的工作原理、动作值的整定、动作时限的整定均做详细的分析说明，同时对输电线路的特殊情况()加以阐述。3、认真细致，在课程设计中应养成认真细致的工作作风，克服马虎潦草不负责的弊病，为今后的工作岗位上担当建设任务打好基础。4、按照任务书规定的内容和进度完成。四、进度安排1、讲解设计目的、要求、方法、任务分工。（2小时）2、查阅资料，熟悉用户任务要求，（0.5天）3、设计保护方案，提出可行性报告（1天）4、查阅图书、资料、

6、产品手册和工具书进行设备校验，绘制继电保护二次展开图（1天）。5、撰写设计说明书（2天）五、评分标准课程设计成绩采用非百分制记法。主要注重量化过程考核，创新能力考核，评分内容和标准如下：(1) 设计态度20%遵守劳动纪律和安全文明实训，准时上下课，不大声喧哗，不随意走动，不做与课程设计无关的事。认真查找资料，主动提出问题，分析问题，解决问题。服从管理，按时完成设计任务。(2) 实践能力占20%继电保护装置满足规程要求，可靠性高，设备选择得当，计算、保护、整定等满足要求。保护屏安装规范，布置美观。设计过程有创新，故障判断准确，短路电流计算正确。(3) 方案设计40%课程设计报告包含两部分，设计说

7、明书和图纸。设计说明书要求内容完整，文字流畅，字迹端正，图纸规范，尤其要突出设计创新，采用新方法，新工艺，新设备。设计论证充分，可靠性高。设备选择正确合理，设计心得体会真实可信。(4) 课题说明书20%对课题考核重点理解深刻，能正确、全面地回答问题。若发现有抄袭或请别人代做者，取消参加考核的资格，成绩以零分记录。最后总评以优、良、中、及格、不及格记。六、建议参考资料1电力系统继电保护，张保会，中国电力出版社，2005，第二版2电力系统继电保护原理，贺家李，宋从矩，中国电力出版社，1994，第二版3微机型继电保护基础，杨奇逊，中国电力出版社19884电力系统继电保护原理，王维俭，清华大学出版社，

8、19925知网数据库论文第三章 距离保护3.1 距离保护概念及适用范围距离保护是利用短路发生时的电压、电流同时变化的特征，测量电压与电流的比值，该比值反应故障点到保护安装处的距离。如果短路点距离小于整定值则动作。距离保护装置主要元件为距离（阻抗）继电器，它可根据其端子上所加的电压和电流测知保护安装处至短路点间的阻抗值，此阻抗称为继电器的测量阻抗。若线路k点发生短路则：是保护安装处至短路故障处之间线路的阻抗。阻抗元件的阻抗值是接入该元件的电压与电流的比值： 也就是短路点至保护安装处的阻抗值。因线路的阻抗值与距离成正比Z=Z1*L，所以叫距离保护又叫阻抗保护。距离阻抗具有时限性，当短路点距保护安装

9、处近时，其测量阻抗小，动作时间短；当短路点距保护安装处远时，其测量阻抗增大，动作时间增长，这样就保证了保护有选择性地切除故障线路。目前距离保护广泛采用的是三段式的阶梯延时特性 距离段：（1）保护本线路全长的8085；（2）瞬时动作，即动作时限为0s。距离段：（1）保护本线路全长，但不超过下一条线路距离段的保护范围；（2）延时Dt动作，一般动作时限为0.5s。距离段：（1）保护本线路全长，下一级线路全长，甚至更远；（2）延时动作，一般动作时限为：距离保护一般由启动、测量、震荡闭锁、电压回路断线闭锁、配合逻辑、出口等几部分构成。三段式距离保护的组成元件和逻辑框图起动元件构成：过电流继电器、低阻抗继

10、电器、反映负序、零序电流的继电器。距离保护适用于35kv及以上的电压等级电路。3.2 阻抗继电器阻抗继电器是计算保护安装点至短路点之间的测量阻抗，与整定阻抗比较，确定保护是否应该动作。是距离保护中的核心元件。 阻抗是复数，是向量，既有大小（幅值），也有方向（相位） 是电流互感器TA的变比 是电流互感器TA的变比阻抗继电器的测量阻抗可以在阻抗复平面图上进行表示测量阻抗是阻抗复平面图上的一个向量。3.2.1阻抗继电器的动作特性和动作方程阻抗动作区：是阻抗复平面图上的一个区域，当测量阻抗落在区域内，则阻抗继电器认为是内部故障，继电器动作。阻抗继电器的动作特性由阻抗复平面图上的阻抗动作区来表示。如果动

11、作区域为圆形的话称为圆特性。复数的数学方程称为动作方程。圆特性阻抗继电器 圆特性阻抗器可分为偏移圆、方向圆、全阻抗圆、和上下抛圆等。（1）偏移圆特性 两个整定阻抗Zset1、Zset2圆心 半径 动作区：圆内非动作区：圆外临界动作：圆周上绝对值比较动作方程： 相位比较动作方程： 常用于距离保护的后备段(2) 方向圆特性 一般用于主保护段 （3）全阻抗圆特性 可用于单侧电源系统中用于多侧电源系统时，应与方向元件相配合（4）上抛圆特性 Zset2和Zset1都在第一象限 通常用于发电机的失磁保护3.2.2 阻抗继电器的实现方法 （1） 绝对值比较原理实现 （2） 相位比较原理实现 3.3 距离保护

12、的整定的计算3.3.1 距离段的整定 A B距离保护段无延时的速动段它应该只反映本线路的故障，下级出口处发生短路故障时应可靠不动作，所以测量元件的阻抗整定应该躲过本线路末端短路时的测量阻抗来整定。即 （3-1）其中<1因为距离保护是欠量保护，考虑到继电器误差、互感器误差和参数测量等误差等因素一般取0.80.85是被保护线路的长度是被保护线路单位长度的正序阻抗动作时间为继电器动作的固有时间一般小于10ms。3.3.2 距离段的整定1、分支电路对测量阻抗的影响。在距离保护段整定时，类同于电流保护，应考虑分支电路对测量阻抗的影响，如图所示。 （a）助增分支电路对测量阻抗的影响 （b）外汲分支电

13、路对测量阻抗的影响图中k1点发生三相短路时，保护1处的测量阻抗为 （3-2）式中：母线B与短路点之间线路的正序阻抗；：分支系数。在助增分支电路和外汲分支电路中不同。2、段的整定阻抗。距离保护段的整定阻抗，应按照以下两个原则进行计算。（1）与相邻线路距离保护段相配合。距离段的整定阻抗为： （3-3）式中，为可靠系数，一般取0.8；（2）与相邻变压器的快速保护相配合。距离段的整定阻抗为： （3-4） 式中式中，为可靠系数，考虑变压器阻抗误差较大，一般取0.70.75。当被保护线路末端母线上既有出线又有变压器时，距离段的整定阻抗应分别按上述两种情况计算，取其中的较小者作为整定阻抗。3、灵敏度校验距离

14、保护段，应能保护线路的全长，本线路末端短路时，应有足够的灵敏度。考虑到各种误差因素，要求灵敏系数应满足 (3-5) 如果不满足要求，则距离保护1的段应改为与相邻元件的保护段相配合，计算方法与上面类似。4、动作时间的整定距离保护段的动作时间，应与之配合的相邻元件保护动作时间大一个时间级差，即 (3-6) 式中为与本保护配合的相邻元件保护段（x为或段）最大的动作时间。3.3.3 距离段的整定1、段的整定阻抗。距离保护第段的整定阻抗，按以下几个原则计算：（1） 按与相邻下级线路距离保护段配合时，段的整定阻抗为 (3-7)可靠系数的取法与段整定中类似，分支系数应取各种情况下的最小值。如果与相邻下级线路

15、距离保护段配合灵敏系数不满足要求，则应改为与相邻下级线路距离保护的段相配合。（2） 按与相邻下级变压器的电流、电压保护配合整定。定值计算为 (3-8)式中为电流、电压保护的最小保护范围对应的阻抗值。（3）按躲过正常运行时的最小负荷阻抗整定。当线路上的负荷最大且母线电压最低时，负荷阻抗最小，其值为 (3-9)式中为正常运行母线电压的最低值；为被保护线路最大负荷电流；为母线额定电压。参照过电流保护的整定原则，考虑到电动机自启动的情况下，保护段必须立即返回的要求，若采用全阻抗特性，则整定值为 (3-10)式中为可靠系数，一般取1.21.25；为电动机自启动系数，取1.52.5；为阻抗测量元件（欠量动

16、作）的返回系数，取1.151.25。若采用方向圆特性，必须考虑动作阻抗随阻抗角的变化，由躲开的负荷阻抗换算成整定阻抗值，整定阻抗可由下式给出 (3-11)式中为整定阻抗的阻抗角；为负荷阻抗的阻抗角。按上述三个原则进行计算，取其中的较小者作为距离段的整定阻抗。2、灵敏度校验。距离保护的段，既作为本线路、段保护的近后备，又作为相邻下级设备保护的远后备，灵敏度应分别进行校验。作为近后备时，按本线路末端短路校验，计算式为 (3-12)作为远后备时，按相邻设备末端短路校验，计算式为 (3-13)式中为相邻设备（线路、变压器等）的阻抗；为分支系数最大值，以保证在各种运行方式下保护动作的灵敏性。3、动作时间

17、的整定。距离保护段的动作时间，应比与之配合的相邻设备保护动作时间大一个时间级差，但考虑到距离段一般不经历震荡闭锁，其动作时间不应小于最大的震荡周期（1.52s）。总结 通过最近一段时间的学习，我发现自己对这门课掌握的还不够扎实，好多地方都存在盲区，好多知识点儿都模棱两可，常言道，书到用时方恨少。此话一点儿都不假在做课程设计的时候往往因为自己资料匮乏而没能继续更深层次的挖掘。做本次课程设计的时候与同学相互交流、探讨对我启发很大，很多难题都会迎刃而解，大家集思广益对提高我们的实际解决问题的能力很有帮助。完成本次课程设使我明白了没有克服不了的困难，起初在进行课程设计的时候，感觉无从下手，随着时间的不

18、断流逝自己也渐渐地感到了压力，正所谓有压力才会有动力，当自己一个人静下心来的时候，发现这是一个挺有趣的过程其中包括自己亲手画了好多图。说实话看到自己的作品真的挺有成就感的。通过本次课程设计，加深了我对距离保护的了解尤其是阻抗继电器。通过对比发现了阻抗继电器的特点与用途。我相信这肯定会为我们更好的帮助我们进行理论与实际的联系。从而使我们以后在自己的岗位上能够出色的完成自己的使命！最后感谢老师对我们的教诲和指导！参考文献1 张保会 尹项根. 电力系统继电保护. 北京：中国电力出版社,20052 韩笑.电气工程专业毕业设计指南继电保护分册.北京：中国水利水电出版社，20033 马永翔.电力系统继电保

19、护.重庆：重庆大学出版社，20044 周玉兰，许勇，王俊永.2000年全国电力系统继电保护与安全自动装置运行情况. 电网技术，2001ag an employment tribunal clai Emloyment tribunals sort out disagreements between employers and employees. You may need to make a claim to an employment tribunal if: you don't agree with the disciplinary action your employer has

20、taken against you your employer dismisses you and you think that you have been dismissed unfairly. For more informu, take advice from one of the organisations listed under Further help. Employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will nee

21、d to give evidence under an oath or affirmation. Most people find making a claim to an employment tribunal challenging. If you are thinking about making a claim to an employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the organisations listed under Further help. ation about dism

22、issal and unfair dismissal, see Dismissal. You can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haven't appealed against the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you. However, if you win your case, the tribunal may reduce any compensation awarded to you as a

23、result of your failure to appeal. Remember that in most cases you must make an application to an employment tribunal within three months of the date when the event you are complaining about happened. If your application is received after this time limit, the tribunal will not usually accept i. If yo

24、u are worried about how the time limits apply to you If you are being represented by a solicitor at the tribunal, they may ask you to sign an agreement where you pay their fee out of your compensation if you win the case. This is known as a damages-based agreement. In England and Wales, your so

25、licitor can't charge you more than 35% of your compensation  if you win the case.you're clear about the terms of the agreement. It might be best to get advice from an experienced adviser, for example, at a Citizens Advice Bureau.  To find your nearest CAB, including those that give

26、 advice by e-mail, click on nearest CAB.For more information about making a claim to an employment tribunal, see Employment tribunals.The (lack of) air up there Watch m Cay man Islands-based Webb, the head of Fifa's anti-racism taskforce, is in London for the Football Association's

27、 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend City's Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday."I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Ya ya Toure," he told BBC Sport."For me it's about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out w

28、hat his experience was."Uefa has opened disciplinary proceedings against CSKA for the "racist behaviour of their fans" during City's 2-1 win.Michel Platini, president of European football's governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the ref

29、eree's actions.CSKA said they were "surprised and disappointed" by Toure's complaint. In a statement the Russian side added: "We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA."Age has reached the end of the beginning of a word. May be guilty in his seems to passing a lot of d

30、ifferent life became the appearance of the same day; May be back in the past, to oneself the paranoid weird belief disillusionment, these days, my mind has been very messy, in my mind constantly. Always feel oneself should go to do something, or write something. Twenty years of life trajectory deepl

31、y shallow, suddenly feel something, do it.一字开头的年龄已经到了尾声。或许是愧疚于自己似乎把转瞬即逝的很多个不同的日子过成了同一天的样子；或许是追溯过去，对自己那些近乎偏执的怪异信念的醒悟，这些天以来，思绪一直很凌乱，在脑海中不断纠缠。总觉得自己似乎应该去做点什么，或者写点什么。二十年的人生轨迹深深浅浅，突然就感觉到有些事情，非做不可了。The end of our life, and can meet many things really do?而穷尽我们的一生，又能遇到多少事情是真正地非做不可？During my childhood, think

32、lucky money and new clothes are necessary for New Year, but as the advance of the age, will be more and more found that those things are optional; Junior high school, thought to have a crush on just means that the real growth, but over the past three years later, his writing of alumni in peace, sudd

33、enly found that isn't really grow up, it seems is not so important; Then in high school, think don't want to give vent to out your inner voice can be in the high school children of the feelings in a period, but was eventually infarction when graduation party in the throat, later again stood

34、on the pitch he has sweat profusely, looked at his thrown a basketball hoops, suddenly found himself has already can't remember his appearance.童年时，觉得压岁钱和新衣服是过年必备，但是随着年龄的推进，会越来越发现，那些东西根本就可有可无；初中时，以为要有一场暗恋才意味着真正的成长，但三年过去后，自己心平气和的写同学录的时候，突然就发现是不是真正的成长了，好像并没有那么重要了；然后到了高中，觉得非要吐露出自己的心声才能为高中生涯里的懵懂情愫划上一

35、个句点，但毕业晚会的时候最终还是被梗塞在了咽喉，后来再次站在他曾经挥汗如雨的球场，看着他投过篮球的球框时，突然间发现自己已经想不起他的容颜。Originally, this world, can produce a chemical reaction to an event, in addition to resolutely, have to do, and time.原来，这个世界上，对某个事件能产生化学反应的，除了非做不可的坚决，还有，时间。A person's time, your ideas are always special to clear. Want, want, l

36、ine is clear, as if nothing could shake his. Also once seemed to be determined to do something, but more often is he backed out at last. Dislike his cowardice, finally found that there are a lot of love, there are a lot of miss, like shadow really have been doomed. Those who do, just green years one

37、self give oneself an arm injection, or is a self-righteous spiritual.一个人的时候，自己的想法总是特别地清晰。想要的，不想要的，界限明确，好像没有什么可以撼动自己。也曾经好像已经下定了决心去做某件事，但更多的时候是最后又打起了退堂鼓。嫌恶过自己的怯懦，最终却发现有很多缘分，有很多错过，好像冥冥之中真的已经注定。那些曾经所谓的非做不可，只是青葱年华里自己给自己注射的一支强心剂，或者说，是自以为是的精神寄托罢了。At the moment, the sky is dark, the air is fresh factor afte

38、r just rained. Suddenly thought of blue plaid shirt; Those were broken into various shapes of stationery; From the corner at the beginning of deep friendship; Have declared the end of the encounter that haven't start planning. Those years, those days of do, finally, like youth, will end in our l

39、ife.此刻，天空是阴暗的，空气里有着刚下过雨之后的清新因子。突然想到那件蓝格子衬衫；那些被折成各种各样形状的信纸；那段从街角深巷伊始的友谊；还有那场还没有开始就宣告了终结的邂逅计划那些年那些天的非做不可，终于和青春一样，都将在我们的人生中谢幕。Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted. r plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph,

40、with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even highe

41、r than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence. We often close ourselves off when traumatic events happen in our lives; instead of letting the world

42、soften us, we let it drive us deeper into ourselves. We try to deflect the hurt and pain by pretending it doesnt exist, but although we can try this all we want, in the end, we cant hide from ourselves. We need to learn to open our hearts to the potentials of life and let the world soften us.生活发生不幸时

43、，我们常常会关上心门；世界不仅没能慰藉我们，反倒使我们更加消沉。我们假装一切仿佛都不曾发生，以此试图忘却伤痛，可就算隐藏得再好，最终也还是骗不了自己。既然如此，何不尝试打开心门，拥抱生活中的各种可能，让世界感化我们呢？Whenever we start to let our fears and seriousness get the best of us, we should take a step back and re-evaluate our behavior. The items listed below are six ways you can open your heart mor

44、e fully and completely.当恐惧与焦虑来袭时，我们应该退后一步，重新反思自己的言行。下面六个方法有助于你更完满透彻地敞开心扉。Whenever a painful situation arises in your life, try to embrace it instead of running away or trying to mask the hurt. When the sadness strikes, take a deep breath and lean into it. When we run away from sadness thats unfoldin

45、g in our lives, it gets stronger and more real. We take an emotion thats fleeting and make it a solid event, instead of something that passes through us.当生活中出现痛苦的事情时，别再逃跑或隐藏痛苦，试着拥抱它吧；当悲伤来袭时，试着深呼吸，然后直面它。如果我们一味逃避生活中的悲伤，悲伤只会变得更强烈更真实悲伤原本只是稍纵即逝的情绪，我们却固执地耿耿于怀By utilizing our breath we soften our experienc

46、es. If we dam them up, our lives will stagnate, but when we keep them flowing, we allow more newness and greater experiences to blossom.深呼吸能减缓我们的感受。屏住呼吸，生活停滞；呼出呼吸，更多新奇与经历又将拉开序幕。2. Embrace the uncomfortable We all know what that twinge of anxiety feels like. We know how fear feels in our bodies: the

47、tension in our necks, the tightness in our stomachs, etc. We can practice leaning into these feelings of discomfort and let them show us where we need to go.我们都经历过焦灼的煎熬感，也都感受过恐惧造成的生理反应：脖子僵硬、胃酸翻腾。其实，我们有能力面对这些痛苦的感受，从中领悟到出路。The initial impulse is to run away to try and suppress these feelings by not ac

48、knowledging them. When we do this, we close ourselves off to the parts of our lives that we need to experience most. The next time you have this feeling of being truly uncomfortable, do yourself a favor and lean into the feeling. Act in spite of the fear.我们的第一反应总是逃避以为否认不安情绪的存在就能万事大吉，可这也恰好妨碍了我们经历最需要的

49、生活体验。下次感到不安时，不管有多害怕，也请试着勇敢面对吧。3. Ask your heart what it wants倾听内心Were often confused at the next step to take, making pros and cons lists until our eyes bleed and our brains are sore. Instead of always taking this approach, what if we engaged a new part of ourselves that isnt usually involved in the

50、 decision making process?我们常对未来犹疑不定，反复考虑利弊直到身心俱疲。与其一味顾虑重重，不如从局外人的角度看待决策之事。From: The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunda.The weatheThe balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet (Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic divin

51、g platform.Below, the Earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. Still, he'll be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is diving into the shallow end. Skydiver prep

52、s for the big jumpWhen he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound - 690 mph (1,110 kph) - in less than 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow as he approaches the more dense air closer to Earth. But this will not be enough to stop him completely.If he goes too

53、 fast or spins out of control, he has a stabilization parachute that can be deployed to slow him down. His team hopes it's not needed. Instead, he plans to deploy his 270-square-foot (25-square-meter) main chute at an altitude of around 5,000 feet (1,524 meters). In order to deploy this chute su

54、ccessfully, he will have to slow to 172 mph (277 kph). He will have a reserve parachute that will open automatically if he loses consciousness at mach speeds.Even if everything goes as planned, it won't. Baumgartner still will free fall at a speed that would cause you and me to pass out, and no parachute is guaranteed to work higher than 25,000 feet (7,620 meters).cause there- 23 -