译林牛津8Aunit1friends语法知识点提纲

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1、Unit1 Friends一、重点词组1. have something to drink喝点东西11. say a bad word about 说的坏话2. some more food 多一些食物12. the tallest boy in our class我们班最高的男生3. plan to do sth. 计划去做某事13. help them with their problems帮助他们解决问题4. care about 关心，关怀14. travel around the world环游世界5.tell lies 撒谎15. both and 两者都，既又6. one of

2、my best friends我最好的朋友之一16. have a smile on one s face 某人面带微笑7. be willing/ready to do sth.乐意 /准备好去做某事17. play a joke on sb. 取笑某人8. have a good sense of humor有很强的幽默感18. be patient with 对有耐心9. walk past 走过，路过19. be friendly to sb. 对某人友好10. knock onto 把撞到上20. in the future 在将来21. be famous as 作为而出名be f

3、amous for 因而出名comic strip& welcome to the unit1. Can I have something to drink?我能喝点什么吗？本句用于征求对方意见，希望能够得到对方的肯定回答。something to drink意为“一些喝的东西” ，动词不定式 to drink 作后置定语修饰不定代词something 。翻译：你想要喝点什么吗？没什么可担心的。2、 What about some milk?来点牛奶怎么样？what/how about + sth./doing sth.?是向别人提出建议时常用的句型，也可以在具体语境中表示对上一个问题的省略。

4、其中about 是介词。表示建议的句型：补充： sb. had better (not) do sth. s best for sb. to do sth. It某人最好（不）做某事对于某人来说做某事是最好的翻译：你最好休息一下。夏天学游泳对你来说是最好的。3. What makes your friend so special?什么使你的朋友如何特别呢？（what 作主语）此处 make为使役动词，意为“使，让” , 结构为“make+宾语 +宾语补足语（无 to 不定式 /adj.）”翻译 : 我的礼物使他很高兴。他的笑话使我大笑。拓展： keep,find,think等也可以接形容词作宾

5、语补足语，eg. We should keep our classroomclean. 我们应该让我们的教室保持干净。I found it interesting to learn English.我发现学英语很有趣。4.Can you tellhim/hereverythingabout yourself?你能把关于自己的所有事情都告诉他/ 她吗？tell sb. sth.告诉某人某事tell sb. (not) to do sth.叫某人（不要）去做某事tell sb. about sth.告诉某人关于某事tell jokes/stories/lies说笑话 / 故事 / 谎辨析：tell

6、talksayspeak补充： speak 有时指演说或正式发言，也可以用于“speak to sb.和某人通电话”翻译：指示牌上写着“禁止吸烟“。你妈妈能说英语吗？告诉他晚上别出去？你们在谈论什么？5. Do you believe what he/she says?你相信他 / 她说的话吗？此句为 believe+ 宾语从句，宾语从句要使用陈述句语序，即“主疑问句在宾语从句中应改为“特殊疑问词+主+谓+其他”的语序。翻译：你知道他住在哪儿吗？那个售货员知道这双鞋多少钱。我以前并不知道是谁在我生病的时候帮助了我。+谓+其他”，如果是特殊6. You can trust them becaus

7、e they never tell lies.trust意为“信任，信赖”，多指相信人，是及物动词；你能信任他们因为他们从不说谎。believe意为“相信”，多指相信语言或事情的真实性，后可跟宾语从句。原形过去式过去分词现在分词lie(vi.说谎 )liedliedlyinglie(vi.躺，位于 )laylainlyingReading1. Betty is one of my best friends.贝蒂是我最好的朋友之一。one of +复数，之一， one of +形物 /the + adj.最高级 +名词复数，意为“最之一”one of the biggest countries最

8、大的国家之一one of his best paintings他最好的作品之一翻译：李雷是我们班最高的男生之一。马铃薯是我最喜欢的蔬菜之一。2. She is willing to share things with her friends.她愿意和她的朋友们分享东西。be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事share sth. with sb和.某人分享某物杰克乐意帮我打扫房子。她总是和我们分享她的 故事书。3. She always gives her seat on the bus to someone in need.她总是在公共汽车上把座位让给有需要的人。give on

9、es seat to sb给.某人让座someone in need 有需要的人(be) in (great) need of sth. 急()需要某物鲍勃经常帮助那些有需要的人。这个贫困家庭急需要钱。4. She wants to be a singer when she grows up.她长大后想成为一名歌手。when 引导的时间状语从句（ if 引导的条件状语从句）通常用一般现在时表示一般将来时，主句常用一般将来时，即“主将从现” 。如果明天不下雨，他将去钓鱼。爸爸没告诉我他什么时候来。当他来时，我会给你打电话。Grammar1. 形容词 /副词的比较等级 (1) 用法讲解大多数的形容

10、词都有三个级别：原级、比较级、最高级。其中比较级表示“更 ”，用于两者之间的比较，用来说明 “前者比后者更 ”，比较级前面一般用much, even, a little 修饰，其中even, much 只能修饰比较级。最高级表示“最 ”，用于三者及三者以上之间的比较，用来说明“某人或某物在某个范围内最 ” 形容词的比较级 (-er) 和最高级 (-est)的构成a. 规则变化之口诀：直接加；去e 加；双写加；变y 加 ; more/ mostb. 不规则变化原级比较级最高级good / wellbetterbestbad / illworseworstmany / muchmoremostli

11、ttlelessleastfarfarther, furtherfarther, furtheroldolder, elderoldest, eldest比较级前的修饰语still, even, any, quite(a bit), almost, nearly, just, rather ；a little, a bit ；much, a lot, far, many ；twice, ten times, one fourth, twopounds, three years形 容词的比较等级(2) 常见句型A=BA+ be + as + adj./adv. + as + B（与。一样）He

12、is as tall as I/me. 他和我一样高。He is as good a teacher as his father.他和他的父亲一样是个好教师。 A BA + be+ not + as/so + adj./adv. + as + B（与。不一样）They didn t do as/so much work as you did他.们干得事没有你多。I ve never seen as/so old a car as this我从.来没有见过像这样旧的车。 A B 或 A BA + be +比较级+ than + B（比。更。）Tom is two years older than

13、 his brother.汤姆比他的弟弟大两岁。Our classroom is bigger than theirs.我们的教室比他们的大。 表示倍数 A + be + twice/fourtimes/ + as + adj./adv. + as + B （ A 是 B 的两倍This room is twice as large as that one.整个房间是那房间的两倍大。The earth is 49 times as big as the moon. 地球是月球 的 49 倍大。 表示程度的递增主语+ V +比较级 + and+ 比较级( 越来越 )主语+ V + more an

14、d more+ +adj./adv.( 越来越 )The days are getting shorter and shorter.白天变得越来越长了。Our country is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的国家变得越来越美了。/四倍 / ） 表示两种情况同时变化The+比较级 + 主语 + V + ， the+ 比较级The more we get together, the happier we+主语 + V + ( 越 越 ) ll be.=If we get together more, we ll be happier.我们聚得越多，我

15、们就会越高兴。The harder you study, the better you ll be at English.= If you study harder, you ll be better at En你学习越努力，你的英语成绩越好。主语 + be +one of the+最高级+ n.(pl.) +in/of( 是最 之一Beijing is one of the oldest cities in China. 北京是中国最古老的城市之一。)主语 + be+ the+最高级+ in/of (范围 )( 最 )Ann studies hardest of all the girls

16、in our class. 安妮是我们班学习最用功的学生之一。主语 + be+ the+比较级+ of the two( 较 的 )Lily is the taller of the twins.莉莉是这两个双胞胎中较高的那个。 主语 + be+ 比较级 + than + any other +n. ( 单数 ) + in ( 比任何其他的更 ) 主语 + be+ 比较级 + than + any of the other +n. ( 复数 ) + in ( 比任何其他的更 ) He is taller than any other student i n his class.他比他班级中其他

17、的任何学生高。= He is taller than any of the other students in his class.= He is the tallest students in his class.杰克是我们班最矮的男孩。这台电脑是这三台中最贵的。我的书比他的书有趣。语法针对性练习一、用所给词的适当形式填空。1.This book is not as _（ interest） as that one.2. Betty looks much _(slim) than before.3. Dad, you are carrying the _ (heavy) bag of the

18、 three.4. Do you think the film is a good one? -Yes, I think it is the _ (good) film this year.5. Who is the _ (busy) in your family? -My mother is. She is always as _ (busy) as a bee.二、单项选择6. -Our school bus will leave at 8 Oclock tomorrow. Dontbe late.-OK. I ll be there ten minutes_.A. soonerB. sl

19、owerC. fasterD. earlier7. -How _ the song sounds! I have never heard a better one.A. beautifullyB. sweetC. wellD. bad8. - I think English is as _ as maths.- I agree with you.A. more interesting. B. most interestingC. the most interestingD. interesting9.My grandpa told a good story, but I told a _ on

20、e.A. good B. betterC. bestD. worse10._ careful you are, _mistakes(错误 ) youll make。A. The more; the fewerB. The fewer; the moreC. The more; the moreD. The less; the less11. Of the two skirts, Id like to choose the _ one to save some money for a cap.A. cheapestB. cheaperC. more expensiveD. most expens

21、ive12. Shanghai is bigger than _ in Jiangsu.A. any other cityB. any cityC. all the other citiesD. all the city13.- Tom, what do you think of the school?- Oh, no other school is _ in the city. Its _ one.A. better, a betterB. the best, the bestC. better, the bestD. the best, a better14. -Helen, can I

22、wear jeans and a T-shirt to the school talent show?- OK, but a dress might be _.A. goodB. badC. betterD. worse15. - Which girl is your cousin, Jacky?- _ one of the two is my cousin. She is called Betty.A. The tallB. The tallestC. The betterD. A taller16. Boris has a good brain. In fact, I doubt whet

23、her anyone in the class has _ IQ.A. a highB. a higherC. the higherD. the highest17.- I really like to watch the TV program I AM A SINGER.- Me, too. It s one of the _ TV programs Ive ever seen.A. more boringB. least interestingC. most boringD. most interesting18. Mo Yan is one of _ writers in the world.A. famousB. more famousC. most famousD. the most famous19. Which city is_ like Suzhou, Paris, Sydney_ London?A. more; andB. much; orC. most; andD. most; or20. Nanjing isntso large _ Shanghai. However, its the second _ city in East China.A. like; largestB. as; largestC. like; largeD. as; large