一般过去时和现在完成时(总8页)

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1、position-related consumption of civil servants has been swept by finance, consumer, regardless of cost, extravagance and waste in the civil service position-related consumption, abuse, corruption and embezzlement, corruption is important. Then, under the conditions of market economy, how to reform t

2、he existing civil duty consumption management, explores a source to prevent and curb the post consumption corruption way, is currently a major issue faced by honest work. Recently, I conducted research on this issue, this problem on some humble opinions. First, the existing public servants duty cons

3、umption the main problems seen from the investigation and reasons, in recent years, public servants duty consumption caused by the abuses and not a person of integrity, is one of the major problems in the party in Government, its operation order have a negative effect on the party and Government org

4、ans, seriously damaging the image of the party and the Government, undermining the relationship between party and the masses, effect, opening up and economic construction. From I County in recent years of governance situation see, positions consumption in the produced of two not phenomenon rendering

5、 four a features: a is positions consumption system lost has due of binding, right is greater than rules, and right is greater than method of phenomenon more highlight; II is in positions consumption in the Camera Obscura operation, using terms, will positions consumption into has personal consumpti

6、on, will corporate points to into personal points to, makes positions consumption in some aspects has into positions enjoy and self-dealing of means; three is to positions consumption for name, fraud, false impersonator, Trend of negative corruption phenomena such as corruption and misappropriation;

7、 four palaces, follow the fashion, rivalries, wasteful, and post consumption became a symbol of showing off their individual capacities. Caused by public servants duty consumption of many two phenomenon in which people reflect the biggest problems are: (a) the official car problems. Mainly in three

8、aspects: one is the larger buses cost expenditure. According to statistics, until November 2003, XX County township Department bus 159 cars, which department owns the bus 145 vehicles, and showed an increasing trend. Financial expenses cost per bus per year to 35,000 yuan, and in fact every cost up

9、to 50,000 yuan. Some units also hiring temporary drivers and expenditure on wages and subsidies. Necessary to keep a car, but also dependants, leading to larger expenses. Second, gongchesiyong breed unhealthy tendencies. Some people believe that now some bus drivers use one-third, one-third leading

10、private one-third used for official purposes. Some public servants, especially leading officials motoring, cars for private purposes, violating the self-discipline regulations, and even lead to traffic accidents. According to statistics from related departments, since 2004, the correct investigation

11、 in our County serves nearly 30 cars for private purposes, only the first half of this year, cars for private purposes or一般过去时1. 在确定的过去的时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1992，just now等 例如：It snowed heavily last night. It was very cold yesterday.2. 表示在过去一段时间内

12、，经常性或习惯性动作。 When I was a child, I often played football in the street.3. 句型：1）It is time for sb to do sth. “到.时间了” “该.了” It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。 2）It is time（that）sb did sth “时间已经迟了” “早该.了” 例如：It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。4. 结构：主+动词过去式+其它 否定句：主+didnt+动词原形+其它 一般疑问句：Did+主+动词原形+其它

13、？ 肯定回答; Yes, 主+did. No,主+didnt.动词变过去式规则： 规则变化：1）大多数情况直接 +ed work-worked ask-asked 2) 以e结尾的动词只加d arrive-arrived like-liked 3) 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，双写这个辅音字母，再加ed. shop-shopped 4) 辅音字母+y 变y为i加ed. carry-carried study-studied不规则变化;见表练习题：一、写出下列动词的过去式isam_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_w

14、orry_ ask _ taste_ eat_ draw_put _ throw_ kick_ pass_ do _二、句型变换1 There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯定回答：_否定回答：_2 They played football in the playground.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯定回答：_否定回答：_三、用所给动词的适当形式填空1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3

15、. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last mo

16、rning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.9. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday 10. 10. We all _ (have) a good time last night.11. He _ (jump) high on last Sports Day. 12. 12. Helen _ (milk) a cow on Friday.13. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read)14. He _ football now, but the

17、y _ basketball just now. (play)15. Jims mother _ (plant) trees just now.16. _ they _ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _.17. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Monday. 18 We _ (go) to school on Sunday.19. It _ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White _ (go) to his office by car.20. Gao Shan _ (put) th

18、e book on his head a moment ago.21. Dont _ the house. Mum _ it yesterday. (clean)22. What _ you _ just now? I _ some housework. (do)23. They _ (make) a kite a week ago.24. I want to _ apples. But my dad _ all of them last month. (pick)25. _ he _ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _. (water)26. She _

19、(be) a pretty girl. Look, she _ (do) Chinese dances.27. The students often _ (draw) some pictures in the art room.28.What _ Mike do on the farm? He _ cows. (milk)四、句型转换1、Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）Lucy _ _ her homework at home.2、He found some meat in the fridge（冰箱）.（变一般疑问句)_ he _ _ meat in

20、the fridge?3、She stayed there for a week.（对划线部分提问）_ _ _ she _ there?4、There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句)_ there _ orange in the cup?现在完成时1.基本用法1）.表示过去发生或已经已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果。这一特定的过去时间除了有上下文提示外，一般用表示过去的时间状语来表示，常和at that time, at that moment 等，Have you read the story? 你读过那个故事吗？（“读” 这一动作发生在过去，

21、对现在造成的影响是:是否知道故事的内容）I have bought two apples.(“买”这个动作发生在过去，对现在造成的结果是：拥有两个苹果)常用的副词是：already,just,ever,yet,never(already, just用于肯定句，ever,yet,never常用于否定句和疑问句)Havent you finished your homework yet? 2) 表示过去已经开始，一直持续到现在的动作和状态。通常和时间状语; before, recently, once, twice, for ,since, yet连用。 I have known Li Lei f

22、or three years. a.所用的动词通常是延续性动词. Work stand know walk keep have wait watch read sleep sing live b.如果是非延续动词，即终止性动词 die arrive close become fall leave go lose , 用延续性动词来换若表示动作，状态持续时，用延续动词。 We have studied English for three years.延续性动词一般不与表示点的时间状语连用注意：不可以说 It rained at eight yesterday morning. 可以说：It be

23、gan to rain at eight yesterday morning.终止性动词不能与表示一段的时间状语连用。不可以说:The old man has died for three years可以说：The old man died three years ago. The old man has been dead for three years.终止性动词变为延续性动词Come -be borrow-keepCome to - be in/at open-be openGo out-be out join-be a number ofClose-be closed leave-be

24、 awayBegin-be on die-be dead Stop-be over catch a cold-have a coldBuy-have get to know-know基本结构; have/has+过去分词3)记住句型:(1) It has been/Its +一段时间+since 从句（动词用过去式） It has been/ Its two years since his grandma died.(2)时间段+has passed+since从句（动词用过去式）Many years have passed since we knew each other. 我们已经认识很多

25、年了。不用过去完成时的情况：1. 句中有yesterday, last year, two years ago等表示很确定的时间状语连用，谓语动词必须用过去式。练习题：一、单项选择1、Both his parents look sad .Maybe they _whats happened to him . knew . have known . must know .will know2、He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ?. already .never .ever . still3、Have you met Mr Li _？. just . ago .

26、before . a moment ago4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year. is writing .was writing .wrote .has written 5、-Our country _ a lot so far .-Yes . I hope it will be even _ . has changed ; well . changed ; good. has changed ; better . changed ; better6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school f

27、or two years . was ; studying . will ; study. has ; studied . are ; studying7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . know . had known . have known . knew 8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . will see . have seen . saw .see9、-These farmers have been to the United States . -Really? Wh

28、en _ there?. will they go . did they go. do they go . have they gone10、-_ you _ your homework yet ?-Yes . I _ it a moment ago. Did ; do ; finished . Have ; done ; finished. Have ; done ; have finished . will ; do ; finish11、 His father _ the Party since 1978 . joined . has joined . was in . has been

29、 in12、-Do you know him well ?- Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . were . have been . have become . have made13、-How long have you _ here ?-About two months . been . gone . come . arrived14、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes. has begun . had begun . has been on. began15、 It _ ten years since

30、he left the army . is . has . will . was16、 Miss Green isnt in the office . she_ to the library .has gone . went .will go . has been17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years . have been in . have been to. have gone to . have been18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?A. so they B. dont they C. ha

31、ve they D. havent they19、has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived20、 His uncle for more than 9 years.A. has come here B. has started to workC. has lived there D. has left the university二、句型转换3、The old man

32、 _ last year. He_ for a year. (die) （动词填空）4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换) This factory _ for twenty years.5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour ago.6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）Her mother _ the Party three years _ .7、The Green Famil

33、y moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换) _ two years _ the Green family moved to France.8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子) _ 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别（1） 侧重点不同：现在完成时是和现在有关的时态，属现在时态范畴，它侧重于过去的时态对现在的影响。而一般过去时是一种过去的时态，侧重于表示过去的动作，与现在无关。 例如; Yesterday I went to the zoo.(仅说明昨天去了动物园

34、，与现在无关) Li Lei has read the book.(说明李雷了解那本书的内容)（2与现在完成时连接的时间状语有：already,just,ever,yet,neverStill, so far, in the past years, before, since, for引出的时间。而一般过去时常与ago, yesterday, last year, in 1990,just now连用沐浴着党的十六大春风，我们满怀激情地迎来了新的学期。上学期，在镇教办、厦岗居委会的高度重视及大力支持下，在园领导的正确领导下，我园顺利通过了东莞市“创绿”评估组的验收。leaders drivin

35、g a vehicle accident caused by road accidents, 1, 1 people killed and direct economic losses amounting to more than 100,000 yuan. Third, high efficiency and low cost of the bus. Surveys show that, the operating costs of taxis for the 8200/. Is a fundamental priority of the reform, it is a difficult

36、problem that must be solved in the reform process. Clearly, the post consumption averages three years before as a base and fine-tuned on the basis of this single practices must be improved. Improvements to adhere to three principles: first, under the existing policy provisions approved for public se

37、rvants duty consumption standards, calibration, is not contrary to policy. Second, according to the local financial situation and peoples sustainability, public servants duty consumption standards approved, both financial reach, and people passing through. Third, according to the operational needs o

38、f civil servants responsible for authorized public servants duty consumption standards, both high and low positions, but also the nature of the work and the workload. In reform of method Shang, approved civil servants positions consumption standard to big unified, and small dispersed suitable, that

39、most positions consumption project should according to policy provides proposed unified standard, consider to ranks, and units and the work task of differences sex, unified of standard should has elastic of and dynamic of, makes regions, and units in implementation unified standard Shi has must of f

40、lexible disposal right; but since set of standard must after financial, and audit, sector audit approved Hou to implementation. (C) reform package. Public servants duty consumption elasticity of consumption to limit consumption, turning mess into kitchen after dinner, follow the civil servant with a

41、 how to use personal title subsidies, or how to manage a personal duty consumption use of subsidies. Therefore, we must establish and perfect with public servants duty consumption monetization reform support of the series of governance systems such as the civil service examination of responsibility,

42、 system, low fault investigation system, the report said. While other measures to keep up. Discipline inspection and supervision organs, financial, auditing departments should strengthen supervision and inspection of public servants duty consumption monetization reform progress, to strengthen the re

43、form of public servants duty consumption monetization system, measures to develop and monitor the implementation of inspection, not consumption as required, even shifting consumer behavior to stop, serious cases to deal with. Three ideas, public servants duty consumption monetization reform of polit

44、ics, the economy and the deepening of the reform, public servants duty consumption as somewhere between a reform also demonstrated its importance and urgency. First of all, civil servants especially party and Government leaders and public servants duty consumption there are big drawbacks. NPC deputies and CPPCC members and the broad masses are concerned about. Secondly, the