虚拟语气练习题(附答案)

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1、高中英语虚拟语气练习题【重点归纳】一、虚拟条件句的类别虚拟条件句可分为三类：一类是叙述与现在事实相反的情况；一类是叙述与过去事实相反的情况；另一类是 叙述与将来事实相反的情况。其主句和从句的谓语动词构成如下：1 .与现在事实相反条件从句用过去时(be动词的过去式一律用were) 主句用would ( should/ might/could )+动词 原形”。如：If I were you, I would accept the in vitati on to the party.如果我是你的话，我将接受去舞会的邀请。If I knew her well, I would tell you ab

2、out her.如果我很了解她的话，我将告诉你关于她的事情。2 .与过去事实相反条件从句用过去完成时,主句用 would /should/ might / could + have +过去分词”，女口 ：If you had bee n there last ni ght, no thi ng would have happe ned.如果你昨天晚上在那儿的话，就没有什么事情发生了。If I had got up earlier, I would have caught the first bus.如果我起得更早一些的话，就赶上头班车了。3 与将来事实相反条件从句用过去时或者“ were to

3、 +动词原形”或者“ should+动词原形”，主句用“ would (should/might / could ) +动词原形”，女口 ：If it were Saturday tomorrow, we wouldn t have an exam.如果明天是周六的话，我们就不考试了。If you were to visit the school tomorrow, you would see Professor Smith.如果你明天去参观学校的话，你就会看到史密斯教授。If it should rain tomorrow, the sports meet would be put off

4、un til n ext Friday.如果明天下雨的话，运动会将被推迟到下周五举行。【特别提示】在虚拟条件句中，谓语动词按照“后退一步法”使用，即：与现在事实相反，从句中用一般过去时；与过去事实相反，从句中用过去完成时；与将来事实相反，从句中用过去将来时。二、虚拟条件句中的省略与倒装如果if虚拟条件句中有were, had,或者should等词时，可以省略if，把这些词放在主语前，形成侄U装句。如：If I should meet her (Should I meet her), I would tell her.如果我遇见她的话，我就告诉她。If I were in your positi

5、 on (Were I in your positi on), I would do it better.如果我在你的位置上，我会做得更好。If they had made preparati ons (Had they made preparati on s), they would have succeeded.如果他们做了准备的话，他们就已经成功了。【重点归纳】1 .错综时间条件句：有时在非真实条件句中，主句谓语动词所表示的动作和条件从句中谓语动词所表示的动作并不同时发 生，这 时主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。如：Had I take n my um

6、brella with me whe n I came out this mornin g, I should not be wet now.如果我今天早上出来的时候带着伞的话，现在就不会淋湿了。（从句说的是过去的事情，而主句说的是现在 的事情）If you had followed the doctor s advice, you would be all right now.如果你（那时）听从我的建议的话，现在就不会有事了。（从句说的是过去的事情，而主句说的是现在的事 情）If I hadn t finished my position by now, I would be working

7、 on it tomorrow.如果到现在为止我还没有完成作文的话，我明天还要接着写。（从句说的是现在的事情，而主句说的是将来 的事情）2 含蓄虚拟条件句：有时一个假设的情况并不用条件从句表示，而用其它方式来表示，这样的句子叫含蓄条件句。主要有以下几 种情况。1）用With, withoutbut for等介词短语来替代条件从句，它们都可以转换成由if引导的虚拟条件句。如：We might have died without your help. =We might have died if you hadn t helped us.如果（那时）没有你们的帮助，我们可能已经死了。Without

8、 the sun, nothing would grow. = If there was no the sun, nothing would grow.没有太阳，万物都不能生长。2） 用 or, otherwise, but that, suppose/ supposing （that） , provided / providing （that）等弓 I导的虚拟语气。如：You didn t e yesterday, or you would have seen him.你昨天没有来，否则的话，你就已经看到他了。I was very busy last week, otherwise I wo

9、uld have e to see you.我上周很忙，否则的话，我就来看你了。Suppos ing I was still a little child, I would study hard from now on.假如我还是一个小孩子的话，我将从现在开始努力学习。3）通过上下文来表示虚拟：这种情况下，需要加以分析。I would have give n you more mon ey, but I was so poor the n.我（那时如果有钱的话）就可以给你更多的钱了，但是我当时太穷了。I would have called you, but I forgot your tele

10、ph one nu mber.我本来可以给你打XX，但是我（那时）忘了你的XX号码。Having known the fact in time, we couldn t have said that. = If we had known the fact intime, we couldn t have said that.如果我们（那时）及时知道事实的话，就不会说那件事了。Any man in his positi on would have done that.处于他那个位置的任何人都会那样做的。4 ）由should +动词原形或者should/could/might have +过去分词

11、构成的虚拟语气。种情况下，虚拟条件句经常省略，而只剩下主句结构，如：I should have told you that, but I was afraid that you couldn t accept the fact.我本应该告诉你那件事，但我担心你不能接受这个事实。Tom, you are so lazy! This work should have bee n fini shed hours ago.汤姆，你太懒了！这个工作本应该几个小时之前完成。3.在if it were/had been not for句型中的虚拟语气If it were not for，表示对现在事实的假设

12、；If it had not been for，表示对过去事实的假设。If it were not for the Intern et, everyth ing would be very difficult. 要不是互联网，一切都会变得很难。Had it not bee n for your overcoat, I would have died.要不是你那件大衣，我就被冻死了。【经典例题】1. If my lawyer here last Saturday, he me from going.A. had bee n; would have preve nted B. had bee n;

13、 would preve ntC. were; would preve nt D. were; would have preve nted2. If I had worn my overcoat, I cold.A. wont have caught B .couldn t have caughtC. won t catch D. wouldnt catch3. If he, he that food.Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A. was warn ed; would not take B. had bee n warn

14、ed; would not have take nC. would be warn ed; had not take n D. would have bee n warn ed; had not take n4. I didn i see your sister at the meeting. If she, she would have met my brother.A. has e B. did e C. came D. had e【答案与解析】1 . A.本题考查虚拟语气。因为从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，故从句谓语动词用过去完成时，而主句谓 语动词用would have +过去分词形式

15、。2 . B本题考查虚拟条件句中主句谓语动词的使用。因为从句用了过去完成时，可知主句谓语动词用 would / could have +过去分词形式。根据句意，可知选 B。3 . B.根据答语，可知本题考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。故从句谓语动词用过去完成时，而主句谓语动 词用would have +过去分词形式。4 . D.根据句意“在会上我没有看到你的姐姐。如果她来的话，她就见到我哥哥了”可知，这是考查对过去 事实的虚拟。主句用could have done，故从句谓语动词应该用过去完成时。Grammar work语法专练动词变形用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. ? If the facto

16、ry(bel ong) to me, I(not sell) it.But it isn * t yours.2. If you(keep) the secret, n obody(know) it.I * m sorry for making such a mistake.3. If the weather were to be (be) fine tomorrow, I(go) for an out ing with my pare nts.4. (be) I you, I would thi nk about this problem once aga in.5. (have) I ha

17、d time last ni ght, I(go) to see this won derful film.完成句子根据中文提示完成下列各句。1 .如果你年轻五岁，你该怎么办？What you, if youfive years youn ger?2 .如果你开车更小心一点，就不会出这样的事菽If you your car more carefully, such a traffic accide nt3 .如果明天下雾，我就不能开车去购物。If it foggy tomorrow, I my car to go shoppi ng.4 .如果明天天气转晴，我们就去野If it clear u

18、p tomorrow, we for a picnic.5 .如果我是一个男孩，我当然会去参军。If I a boy, I certai nly join the army.6 .如果你是我兄弟，你也会一样对我。If youmy brother, youtreat me in the same way.7 .如果我有你这样的姐姐会非常幸未甚I very happy, if I an elder sister like you.8 .如果我捡到了那只钱包，一定交给失主了 oIf I up the wallet, I it to itsowner. 9.万一明天下大雪，一切都将被改变。If it

19、snow heavily tomorrow, everyth ing be cha nged.10.如果你那天没有抽烟，火灾就不会发生。If you that day, the fire out.Grammar quiz语法小测 测一测 选择最佳答案。1. He you more help, eve n though he was very busy.A. might have give n B. might give C. should give D. may give2. What would have happe ned as far as the river bank?A. Bob h

20、ad walkedB. if Bob should walkC. had Bob walkedD. if Bob walked3. I in your positi on, I would not accept the in vitati on.A. Was B. Were C. Be D. Am4. If my father here the day after tomorrow, he me at all.A. came, can t see B es, couldn t seeC. es, couldn 1 t have seen D. came, couldn t see5. If i

21、t to snow next week, I would not go to visit that mou ntain v川age.A. is B. be C. were D. are6. If it rain this eve nin g, I would not go to see this America n film.A. would B. should C. could D. might7. asked to do this, I would certai nly do it in a differe nt way.A. Were I B. Am I C. If I am D. Wa

22、s I8. If he could help us, I am sure he. He s always ready to help others.A. should B. had C. would have D. did9. her in time, she would have jumped into the river.A. If I stopped B. Did I stopC. If I didn * t stop D. If I hadn * t stopped10. If I ten years youn ger, I out to try my luck.A. am, woul

23、d go B. was, w川 go C. were, would go D. were, would have gone11. If you my advice, you such a serious mistake.A. followed, can t make B. followed, couldn* t have madeC. had followed, couldn t make D. had followed, couldn t have made12. If I that crowded bus yesterday morning, I my purse with a lot o

24、f money in it.A. didn t take, couldnC. hadn t taken, couldnt lose B. hadn* t taken, wouldn t have lostt lose D. didn t take, can t have lost语法专练(One possible versi on)动词变形1. bel on ged; would *t sell 2. had kept; would have known 3. would go 4. Were 5. Had; wouldn have gone完成句子1. would; do; were 2.

25、had driven; couldn t have happened 3. were; couldn t drive 4. were to; would go 5. were; would 6. were; would 7. would be; had 8. had picked; would have retur ned 9. should; would 10. hadn rt smoked; wouldn t have broken语法小测测一测 1 -5 ACBDC 6-10 BACDC 11-12 DB虚拟语气（二）（2007浙江）t（2007全国卷虚拟条件句的一些特殊用法【考点导航】

26、1. My cat 1 s really fat.You have give n her so much food.A. wouldn rt B .couldn rt C. shouldnt D. mustn2. How s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?It be, but it is now heavily polluted.A. w川 B. would C. should D. must3. I told your frie nd how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I have d

27、rive n her there.（2007陕西）A. could B. must C. might D. should【答案与解析】1 . Co shouldn t have done表示“本来不应该做某事而实际做了”。2 . C。根据句意，“本来这个湖应该是很漂亮的，但是现在被严重污染了“可知选 Co should在这里 表示“本来应该，暗含着实际上不”之意。3 . D。should have done表示“本应该做某事而实际上未做”，本句意为：“我告诉你朋友该怎么到 达旅馆了，但是也许我应该开车把她送到那儿去”。Grammar work语法专练选择最佳答案。1. the thick fo

28、rest, we would ofte n have to suffer from a san dstorm.A. If it is not for B. If it were not for C Is it not for D. Was it not for2. your offer of rice and vegetables, we would have gone hun gry.A. If it hasn * t been for B. WithC. Has it not bee n for D. Had it not bee n for3. your timely and corre

29、ct guidanee, I couldn t have solved the problem so smoothly.A. Had it not bee n for B. Were it not forC. If it has not bee n for D. If it is not for4. Jane would have gone to Wash ington to get a pla ne ticket.A. was she able B. if she had bee n able C. would she be able D. if she is able5. for her

30、encouragement, I would not have paid for that good-for-nothing huge vase.A. Were it not B. If it is n ot C. Had it not bee n D. If they were not6. If I a lot of money like you, I buy that large pany.A. had, would buy B. have, wouldC. had, would have bought D. have had, would have bought7. . If she m

31、y English teacher, I much from her.A. was, can lear n B .is, could lear n C. were, could lear n D. had bee n, could learn8. If I out to work last year, I much more mon ey.A. had gone, would make B. had gone, would have madeC. went, would make D. went, would have made9. . I supported him in time, oth

32、erwise he off the bike.A. might fall B. would fall C. should have falle n D. would have falle n10. It is hard for me to imagi ne what I would be doing today if I in love with Maryin my hometow n.A. wouldn 4 have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall11. Without the air to hold some

33、of the suns heat, the earth at night.A. would be freez ing cold B. w川 be freez ing coldlyC. would be froze n cold D. can freeze coldly12. Why don t you buy the necklace since you like it so much?I, but I don rt have the money.A. would B. will C. should D. may13. Fin ally I got to my gran dmother s h

34、ome on foot.Really? You a ride there.A. must have take n B. could have take nC. shouldnt have taken D. couldn t have taken14. If I had worked harder at school, I in a fortable office now.A. would sit B. would have sat C. would be sitti ng D. were sitt ing15. My father told me how to get here but per

35、haps he me a map.A. had to give B. ought to give C. must have give n D. should have give n Grammar quiz语法小测I.请将下列句子翻译成英语。1 .要不是你帮忙的话，我会失败的。2 .如果不是两次考大学都失败的话，他也不会一声不吭地离家出走。3 .如果不是你及时的支持，我就会输掉这次大选。4 .没有这本杂志，我们打发时光就很难。II.根据上下文的意思，完成句子。1. If it （要不是） your mobile phone, I couldn t have got in touch with

36、her.2. I was really very busy that day, otherwise, I （就去参加舞会了）.3. （要不是天气好的话）J couldn 1 t go climbing that day.4. Providing that I had finished the report two days before, I （就不会被开除了） now. 第16期B3版Keys:语法专练1-5 BDABC 6-10 ACBDB 11-15 AABCD语法小测1. （One possible versi on）2. But for your help, I would have

37、 failed.3. Not hav ing failed in the college entrance exam in at io n twice, he would n* t have left homewithout say ing a word.4. If it had not bee n for your timely support, I would have failed in the electi on.5. Were it not for this mag az in e, it would be difficult for us to kill the time.II.

38、(One possible versi on)1. hadn t been for 2. would have gone to the party 3. But for the fine weather 4. wouldn t be fired虚拟语气(一)1 The boy acted he had n ever lived in Can ad a beforeA as though B eve n if C as D since2 to the doctor right away, he might have bee n aliveA If he went B Were he gone C

39、 Should he have gone D Had he gone3 If you were older, I you to go there yesterdayA will allow B should allow C would have allowed D had allowed4 The secretary suggested that they the men in at onceA had brought B should have brought C brought D bring5 I wish I able to tell him all about it last ni

40、ghtA was B were C had bee n D should be6 If we here ten minu tes earlier, we the busA arrived/would catchB arrived/would have caughtC had arrived/had caught D had arrived/would have caught7 If I more time, I would have gone with himA had B had had C have had D would have8 He was very busy yesterday,

41、 otherwise he to the meeti ngA would e B came C would have e D had e9 The Jade Emperor ordered that the Mon key Ki ng right awayA would be arrestedB must be arrestedC be arrestedD had to be arrested10 Jan es un cle in sisted_ in this hotel any Ion gerA not stay ing B not to stay C that he not stay D

42、 stay ing not11 Don*t touch the sleep ing tiger If he woke up, he youA would e toB would e atC would have e toward D will e to12 Without electricity huma n life quite differe nt todayA is B will be C would have bee n D would be13 How I wish I to repair the watch! I only made it worseA had tried B ha

43、d nt tried C have tried D did nt try14 He dema nded that the laboratory report_ immediately after the experime nt was done A was writte n B be writte n C must be writte n D would be writte n15 The man in sisted that he thereA should send B would be sent C sent D be sent16 If he had not gone out in t

44、he storm A he will be alive now B he would be alive nowC he would have bee n alive now17 If it tomorrow, what would we do?A rains B were to rain C would rain D rain18 It is required that you at sixA w川 arrive B arrive C arrived D would arrive19 If only I how to operate an electro nic puter as you do

45、A had known B would know C should know D knew20 He spoke in a quiet, disti net voice, as though his thoughtA was far away B had bee n far away C were far away D went far away21 If it rain, we _ get wetA is to, shouldB were to, wouldC were going to, wouldD was going to, should22 If he _ to the teache

46、r atte ntively, he the an swer to the problem nowA had liste ned, would have known B liste ned, would knowC liste ned, would have knownD had liste ned, would know23 But for the party, he_ of hun ger 30 years agoA would have died B would die C must have died D must die24 _ today, he would get there f

47、or holidayA Was he leav ing B Were he to leave C Would he leave D If he leaves25 I would have e earlier, but I that you were wait ing for meA didn t know B hadn t know C would have known D havenrt known26 It * s high time that we to schoolA would to B went C go D will go27 It seems as if it rainA wi

48、ll to B is going to C is to D were going to28 I 1 d rather you right awayA leave B left C w川 leave D to leave29 He is worki ng hard for fear that he _A fails B failed C would fail D fail30 It is really stra nge that the girl _ so earlyA has bee n married B has married C be married D would marry31 Su

49、ppos ing I_ this gift, what would he say?A accept B accepted C should accept D would accept32 The teacher agreed to the suggestio n that the stude nts two weeks to prepare for the examA give B should give C be give n D would be give n33 I was busy yesterday, otherwise I your birthday partyA atte nde

50、d B had atte nded C would atte nd D would have atte nded34 He in sisted that he _ me beforeA see B should see C had see n D saw35 The two stra ngers talked as if they_ friends for yearsA were B would be C have bee n D had bee n36 We our lives had it not bee n for the policema nA would have lost B sh

51、ould lose C might lose D could have lost37 I thought you would e back tomorrow-I would if I to atte nd a meet ingA don t have B didn t have C w川 not have D would not have38 He wishes _ mistakesA he doesn rt always makeB he isn t always makingC he didn t always makeD he wouldn rt always making39 It v

52、ery nice if only it were possibleA w川 be B would be C is D were40 Without your help, our team the last matchA won t win B will lose C wouldn t have won D can t win41 I wish I what to doA knew B have known C know D would know42 _ , I would take an umbrella with meA Had I bee n you B I were you C Were

53、 I you D I had bee n you43 If I had hurried, I the train44454647484950515253545556575859606162636465A would catch B could catch C would have caught D had caughtHe in sisted that Joh n itA do B does C did D would doIt is high time we offA are B were C be D will beHe felt as if he more time to study f

54、or the testA n eeds B were n eeded C n eeded D n eedIt is importa nt that I with Mr Williams immediatelyA speak B spoke C will speak D to speakJames wishes he the football game in stead of the filmA saw B see C had bee n see n D had see nI _ wishA he left B he leaves me alone C he be left D he would

55、 leave me aloneIf I had known that, IsoA wouldnt do B wouldn t have done C wont do D have not doneThe doctor suggested that sheA will not smoke B not smoke C would not smoke D did not smokeIf Iyou, I wouldnt return the callA be B am C was D wereYou talk as if you thereA were really B has really bee

56、n C had really bee n D would really beHe suggested that the work at onceA would started Bwould be started Cshould started D should be startedIt is stra nge that such a thing in your schoolA will happe n B happe ns C should happe n D happe nedIt is imperative that you on timeA are B w川 be C be D woul

57、d beI didn 4 go to the party, but I do wish I _ thereA was B were C had bee n D wentIt is time we up our resultsA sum B summed C w川 sum D would sumIf the doctor had bee n available, the childA would not dieB would not have diedC could not dieD could not have diedDr Beth une worked hard as if heA n e

58、ver had felt tiredB had n ever felt tiredC n ever felt tiredD was tired n everI enjoyed the movie very much I wish I the book from which it was madeA have read B had read C should have read D am read ingYou are late If you a few minu tes earlier, you himA came/ would meet B had e/ would have metC e/

59、 will meetD had e/ would metI wish my husba nd as well as yoursA had dressed B dress C will dress D dressedEdis on kept phosphorus carefully in a bottle lest itA would burn B bur ned C was bur ning D should burnHe looked as if he ill for a long timeA was B were C has bee n D had bee n666768697071727

60、3 me74757677787980818283 nt8485If the doctor had e earlier, the poor child _A would not have bee n lied there for two hoursB would not have laid there for two hoursC would not have lied there for two hoursD would not have lain there for two hoursI wish that I with you last ni ghtA went B could go C

61、have gone D could have goneLet s say you could go there again, how feel?A w川 you B should you C would you D do youMr Brown left for London long ago That s a pity I wishA I meet him B I II have met him C I had met him D I* d meet himI can t stand him He always talks as though he everythingA knew B kn

62、ows C has known D had known I wish IA w川 tell him thatB didnt tell him thatC told him not thatD had not told him thatIf you had told me in adva nee, I _ him at the airportA would meet B would had meet C would have met D would have meet Kunar can take his car apart and put it back together aga in I c

63、erta inly wish he howA teaches B will teach C has taught D would teachI would have told him the an swer had it bee n possible but I _ so busy the nA had bee n B were C was D would beI wish I able to tell him all about it last ni ghtA should be B were C had bee n D wasIf it ano ther ten minu tes, the game wou