新世纪大学英语综合教程4(第二版)_习题答案1-4单元

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1、Unit ONEEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action Working with Words and Expressions1. In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary. Answers:1) spark2) compelled3) bare4) scrape5) d

2、estruction6) output7) retreat8) tipped9) miracle10) eternal11) pile12) transfer13) mass14) thereby15) have emerged16) trigger17) threaten18) consumed19) hollow2. In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Complete the sentences with them. Change the form where nece

3、ssary. Answers:1) show signs of2) cope with3) lives in fear of4) tough it out5) cut down6) from head to foot7) searched out8) nothing short of9) As yet10) settle in11) take heart Increasing Your Word PowerL You will read six pairs of words which are similar in meaning but are different in usage. Ref

4、lect on the differences in usage between the words in each group and fill in each blank with a proper one. Change the form if necessary. Answers:1) temptation2) attraction3)chance4) opportunity5) states6) country7) warned8) threatened / threatens9) retuse10) reject11) total12) gross2. A blend is a w

5、ord produced by combining parts of other words, such as “comsat” from communications “ and u sate Hite . Try to find out what words the following blends are formed from. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.Answers:BlendFormationMeaningsmogsmoke + fog烟雾blogweb + log博客brunchbreakfast + lunch早午餐（

6、早餐和午餐合为一餐）autocideautomobile + suicide撞车自杀chunnelchannel + tunnel海峡隧道motelmotor + hotel汽车旅馆netizennet + citizen网民sci-fiscience + fiction科幻小说workaholicwork + alcoholic工作狂wi-fiwireless + fidelity无线网络3. Fill in the blanks in Column B with an adjective in Text A. The target adjective must be opposite in

7、 meaning to the one in Column A and must form a correct collocation with the noun in Column C. Answers:1) individual2) contradictory3) destructive4) rational5) primitive6) synthetic7) distant8) pessimistic9) irreplaceable10) enormousGrammar in Context1. Study the following sentences from Text B and

8、point out the grammatical function of each of the present participles used as an adverbial. Answers:1) an adverbial of accompanying circumstances2)an adverbial of accompanying circumstances3)an adverbial of result4) an adverbial of result5) an adverbial of manner; accompanying circumstances6) an adv

9、erbial of re suit7) an adverbial of time2.Complete the following sentencesby translating the Chinese in the brackets into English, using a present participle as an adverbial. Answers:1) killing thousands upon thousands of people2) raising the average yieId by 15 percent3) trying to deduce its operat

10、ing principle4) Seeing that everyone was bending over his/her book5) Not having heard from his parents for a long time6) leaving the project unfinished7) Turning to the right8) Not wanting to make the patient nervousClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial le

11、tter of each isgiven. Answers:(1) realm(2) elemental(3) obtain (4)stubbornly(5) transferred(6) transformed(7) subdued(8) expansion(9) irreplaceable(10) extinct(11) dynamic(12)verge(13) moderate(14) ecological(15) rationalTranslation1.Translate the following sentences into English, using the words an

12、d expressions given in brackets. Answers for Reference:1) The village is so close to the border that the villagers lived in constant fear of attacks from the enemy.2) In only twenty years the country was transformed into an advanced industrial power.3) Seeing the project successfully completed, thos

13、e who had invested so much time and energy in it felt very proud.4) Given the current financial situation, it is inevitable that the US dollar will be further devalued.5) There are so many vehicles nowadays that the roads in this area are barely adequate to cope with the present tra ffic.6) The weat

14、her showed no signs of getting better so the government called upon us to get prepared for floods.7) Alice had been confined to bed for over 10 years after the traffic accident, and so her recovery seemed nothing short of a miracle.8) The students were all very much concerned about the World Cup, sp

15、ending at least two hours every day watching the live matches on TV.9) Thomas said that his family had settled in Florida more than half a century ago.10) Ask for help. Don ttough it out yourself. I learned this lesson early in my life.2.Trans late the following passage into English. Ans we rs for r

16、eference:Human beings live in the realm of nature. They are not only dwe Ilers in nature, but also transformers of it. With the development of society and its economy, people tend to become less dependent on nature directly, but indirectly their dependence grows.Human beings are connected with natur

17、e by “blood ties. No one can live outs ide nature. Howe ver, the previous dynamic balance between man and nature has shown signs of breaking down. Problems such as the population explosion, ecological imbalance and the shortage of natural resources have become major factors keeping human society fro

18、m being iurther developed.Professor Spirkin holds that the only choice for human beings is the wise organization of production and care for Mother Nature.The me-Re la ted Writing Write an essay of no less than 150 words on the topic My Understanding of Environmental Protection . Your” writing should

19、 cover the following points:1) the relationship between man and the environment2) the urgency of environmental protection3) ways to protect the environment Sample essayMy Understanding of Environmental ProtectionMan and the environment are closely re la ted. Man relies on the environment for wa te r

20、, food and shelter. A harmonious relationship between man and the environment is essential for human survival on the earth.However, man and the environment have never been on such bad terms as they are now. As society develops, man transformation of nature has severely polluted his living environmen

21、t. Deforestation leads to changes in rainfall patterns, causing devastating floods, droughts and sandstorms. The discharge of chemical pollutants endangers our health and the lives of other beings. And mass production has resulted in the shortage of irreplaceable natural resources such as coal and o

22、il. If we take no immediate and effective steps to protect our environment, human beings may be the next species to become extinct.We should do our best to protect our environment by planting more trees,taking care of wildlife, reducing industrial wastes, using renewable energy, and imposing heavy f

23、ines on environmentally- unfriendly activities, so as to preserve the environment for future generations.(167 words)Unit TwoMan and TechnologyEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in ActionWorking with Words and Expressions3. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Compl

24、ete thefollowing sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. Answers:1) productivity2) phenomenon3) isolation4) gradual5) opponent6) advent7) genetic8) universal9) extreme10) nasty11) boom12) formal13) survey14) Similarly15) modify16) rough4. In the box below are some of the expressions yo

25、u have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. Answers:1) at the same time2) are stuck with3) for certain4) make no difference5) on average6

26、) when it comes to7) are better off8) builtinto9) come to mind10) close to11) infavor ofIncreasing Your Word Power1. You will read six pairs of words which are similar in meaning but are differentin usage.Reflect on the differences in usage between the words in each groupand fill in each blank with

27、a proper one. Change the form if necessary.Answers:1) exterior2) external3) delightful4) pleasant5) separate6) isolate7) company8) companion9) acquire10) learn11) ripe12) mature2. Fill in each blank with one of the words listed below in the appropriate form,paying special attention to the meaning an

28、d spelling. Answers:1) accept2) oppression3) loss4) excerpts5) depression6) loose7) except8) expectations9) lose10) suppress3. Words that come from the same root may be said to belong to the same family.Getting acquainted with each member of the family is a sure way to increaseyour word power. Now c

29、omplete the following table with words of the samefamily. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.Answers:1) technology2) eternity3) miracle4) relevance5) analysis6) luxurious7) leisurely / leisured8) subjective9) prosperous10) innovativeGRAMMAR IN CONTEXTTask 1 :Complete the following sentences w

30、ith appropriate connectives listed in thefollowing table. Answers:1) Whatever2) Although / Though3) whereas4) However5) though / although6) Granted / Granting that7) as8) WhileTask 2:Translate the following sentences into English. Answers for reference:1) Though it was raining hard, yet they went on

31、 playing football.2) You will have to attend the commencement whether you are free or busy.3) She leaves her bedroom windows open, however cold it is.4) We will make a trip even if / though the weather is bad.5) No matter who / Whoever you are, you must abide by the law.6) Difficult as the job was,

32、they decided to accept it.7) No matter what I say or how I say it, he always thinks Im wrong.8) She seems to have a ready answer, whenever / no matter when I ask her a question.ClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given. Answers:1) empha

33、size2) opposite3) improved4) luxuries5) benefited6) obviously7) consciously8) fractures9) eternal10) groundbreaking11) entitled12) correlation13) depends14) exclusivelyTranslation1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressionsgiven in brackets.Answers for reference

34、:1) He really knows a lot about theory, but when it comes to actual work, heseems to be quite ignorant.2) The latest survey shows /showed that the majority of the citizens support /supported the government1 s plan to build a new library.3) The two countries could reach agreement successfully on scie

35、ntific andtechnological cooperation because several factors favorable to theircooperation had been at work.4) I saw the film when I was in the primary school, but the title just won t cometo mind for themoment.5) He has been stuck with heavy debt though he works about tweIve hours everyday on averag

36、e.6) Is it necessary to know his height? To me, it is not re levant to whether he canbe a good lawyer or not.7) The cupboard is built into the wall so that it both saves space and isconvenient to use.8) These workers earn more than we do, but the other side of the coin is thattheir job is more dange

37、rous.9) Helen majors in economics at the university and at the same time she studiesphilosophy as her second major.10) What is most important is that you must find out and solve the problems byyourselves. It makes no difference whether I go there or not.2. Translate the following passage into Englis

38、h. Answers for reference:Nowadays, many people are enjoying the benefits brought about by mate ria la ndtechnological advances unimaginable in previous eras. With the developmentof science and technology, people s standard of living is getting higher and higher.People soared, too.s exPectaHowever, o

39、ddly enough, many people do not feel happier than they used tobe. It can beseen that there is no close correlation between people s income andthe.Happirhappinesscannot, after all, be bought with money.Although the majority of people are not very satisfied with their live s, the ya re happy to bea li

40、ve, and the more time they live on earth, the better off they feelthey 11 be. What is impis that material we a 1th is far from enough. Peopleneed spiritual happiness, too.Theme-Related WritingWrite an essay of no less than 150 words about a technological invention. Your writing should cover thefollo

41、wing points:1) a brief description of the invention2) the positive impact of the invention on people s life3) the negative impact of the invention on people s life4) your opinion Sample essay:The Impact of the Mobile Phone on People s LivesAmong the many technological inventions, the mobile phone im

42、presses me most.The mobile phone brings considerable convenienceto our lives. It not only enables us to keepin touch with each other almost anytime and anywherebut also helps us solve problems or do businessefficiently. In emergencies, a mobile phone caneven be a life-saver. Besides, its multi- func

43、tions addease and color to our lives. With a mobile phone,we can receive mail, read news, listen to music,play games, and take pictures.Yet, the mobile phone has its disadvantages,too. Most of us have experienced the nuisance oiunwanted or wrong calls. We are inconveniencedby calls on occasions when

44、 we least expect one. Be sides,the technology infrastructure to support mobilecommunication has consumed valuable naturalresources and caused significant environmentalproblems. It is reported that electromagnetic radiationwaves from the phone may result in healthproblems.Despite its negative side, t

45、he advantages ofthe mobile phone outweigh its disadvantages. I belie vethat with advances in science and technology,improved and safer models of mobile phones willsurely serve us still better. (184 words)Unit ThreeFame and SuccessEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in ActionWorking with Words and E

46、xpressions1. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. Answers:1) fortune2) dull 3) chased 4) launched5) accompanied6) intrinsic 7) ranks 8) publicity 9) sufficiently 10) image11) target12) trans

47、form 13) temporarily14) cover 15) bored 16) audiences 17) regard 18) acknowledged 19) predict2.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. Answers:1) thrown out 2) and so on6) turn away 7) hang on 11) forgoo

48、d 12)set out3) for dear life 4) settheirsightson 5) was tired of8) inhispresence9) live with 10) nothingbut13) Whatif 14) tireof Increasing Your Word Power1. Study the following usage notes about the verbs in the box.Now complete each of the following sentences with the most appropriate word from th

49、e above box. Answers: 1) grasped 2) was snatched3) Clasping4) Catch 5) seized6) gripped 7) grabbed 8) clutch2. The following table shows some typical verb + noun collocations, as indicated by the symbol Examine the table carelully and then fill in each blank in the following sentences with a suitabl

50、e verb from the table. Answers:l)reached / secured2) achieved/ attained3) attained / reached4) reach / secure5) achieved / realized/ lulfilled6) fulfill / meet / satisfy3. Fill in the blanks in Column B with an adjective in Text A. The target adjective must be opposite in meaning to the one in Colum

51、n A and must form a correct collocation with the noun in Column C. Answers:1) dull 2) competitive 3) same 4) momentary 5) specific 6) sufficient 7) cruel 8) humble9) famous 10) reasonableGrammar in context1. Study the following sentences and point out the grammatical Junction of each of the infiniti

52、ve phrases. Answers:1) (rea 1) subject4) adverbial of purpose7) adverbial of result2) object complement5) adverbial of purpose8) subject, predicate3) object6) object to the verb“ make ”9) attributive moditying “ways ”10) predicate2.Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in brack

53、ets into English. Answers:1) To become a famous writer2) to take traveler checks s3) to employ a young engineer4) take the machine apart5) To understand the situation completely6) to rise higher in position7) to find that the train had left 10 minutes before8) to apply for a known job opening9) to m

54、ake trouble10) To be more exactClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given. Answers:1) chase 2) reputation 3) dedicate / devote 4) reward5) sufficiently 6) measured7) assure 8) Momentary 9) celebrity10) target 11) frank 12) liberty13) ill

55、usory 14) regardTranslation1 .Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets. Answers for reference:1) He attempted to save the enteiprise which was on the verge of collapse but failed.2) The president has announced that he will not seek re -electio

56、n at the end of his first te rm.3) The young teacher is skilled at motivating his students to study hard.4) She loves giving parties and does so whenever she can find an excuse.5) r m afraid that you 11 have to compete with at least fifty people for an administrative post in this company.6) One of t

57、he main reasons why theyhave messed up their lives is that they did not have a good school education when young.7) Mary is already famous, but she is not happy at all because she s been obsessed with thoughts of becoming even more famous.8) With the deve lopment of science and technology, people now

58、 can have easy access to educational, medical and many other kinds of information.9) The company s investment ended in failure due to the wrong strategic decis ions of the general manager and so the board of directors decided to throw him out.10) I know you are tired but try to hang on a little bit

59、longer. We will reach the peak in half an1) mass2) gambled3) voluntary4) hunted5) classified6) abolished7) division8) senseless9) fashions10) coordination11) declarations12) committed13) necessity14) moderately15) slightest16) considerable17) evaluate18) derived 2 In the boxes below are some of the

60、expressionsyou have learned in this unit. Complete the sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. Answers:1) stands/stood a chance2) ruled out3) consist /consists of4) gone through5) in the strict sense6) At a guess7) earns a living8) coincide with9) gone in for10) got their teeth into In

61、creasing Your Word Power1 Word Buildingas “ voluntary and ”Did you notice the suffix -ary and -ory in words such“ satisfactory “ in Texts A and B? The-arysuffixor -ory can be added to a noun to form an adjective. Now add the suffixes of -ary or -ory to the nouns in the following table to form adject

62、ives, then trans late them into Chinese. Answers:nounssuffixesadjectivesChinese meaningplanet-ary / -oryplanetary行星的congratu lationcongratulatorV祝贺的contradictioncontradictory矛盾的，对立的customcustomary通常的，习惯的；惯例 的documentdocumentary公文的，文件的explanationexplanatory解释的；说明的imaginationimaginary想象中的，虚构的introductionintroductory介绍的，导言的legendlegendary传说（中）的，传奇的migrationmigratory迁徙的，移居的visionvis ionary有远见的；不实际的1) imaginary2) congratulatory3) Migratory4) documentary5) legendary6) introductory7) contradictory8) explanatory 2 Study the following usage notes and then complet