初中英语语法之形容词比较级和最高级讲练和答案
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1、初中英语语法之形容词比较级和最高级讲练和答案形容词比较级(一)一般句式的构成: A + is / are+ 形容词比较级+ than + BA 是主格 B 是宾格如: She is taller than me.主格 形容词比较级 宾格(二)英语形容词比较级的构成英语形容词比较等级有三个:原级,比较级和最高级。形容词比较等级形式变化有规则的和不规则的两种。规则变化1)单音节词末尾加-er(比较级),-est(最高级)【例】 原级 比较级 最高级great greater greatestsmall smaller smallestclean cleaner cleanest2)单音节如以e结尾
2、,只加-r(比较级),-st(最高级)【例】 fine finer finestwidewide wider widest3)闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母,须先双写这个辅音字母,再加-er(比较级),-est(最高级)【例】 big bigger biggesthot hotter hottestred redder reddest4)少数以-y,-er,ow,-ble结尾的双音节词,末尾加-er(比较级),-est(最高级)。以-y结尾的词,如-y前是辅音字母,则变y为-i,再加-er和-est。以-e结尾的词只加-r和-st。【例】 clever cleverer cleveres
3、tnarrow narrower narrowestable abler ablesteasy easier easiest5)其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most。【例】 careful more careful most carefuldifficult more difficult most difficultdelicious more delicious most delicious不规则变化原级 比较级 最高级good/well better bestbad worse worstmany/much more mostlittle less leastfar far
4、ther/further farthest/furthest注:有些形容词一般没有比较等级。如: right, wrong, woolen等。形容词的比较等级的用法:比较级用于二者的比较。【例】 Li Ping is older than Wang Hai. 李平比王海年纪大。There are more students in Class One than in Class Two.一班比二班学生多。二、 形容词各等级的用法:1、 原级(同级)比较:asas; not as(so)asWell give you as much help as we can.She isnt as(so)ac
5、tive in sports as before.2. 比较级:表示两者之间比 更可用状语much, a little, even等修饰: He made fewer mistakes than I did.He is even richer than I.3、 高级:形容词最高级前必须加the, 副词最高级前常省略the,后面多用of, in短语表示范围:It was the most/least interesting story I have ever listened.He is the tallest of the three.4、 如果在两者之间表示“最”时要在比较级前加the,而
6、且还用of the two, of the pair短语:John is the clever of the two boys.Of the two boys, John is the clever.三、 重点与难点:1、 asas结构:你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。Youre a boy as good as Tom.=Youre as good a boy as Tom.2、 (1)tooto与 sothat sb.cant的句型转换:前者为简单句,主语只有一个,而后者为复合句,主语有两个,试比较:The man was too angry to be able to speak.The man
7、 was so angry that he wasnt able to speak.The milk was too hot to drink.The milk was so hot that we cant drink it.(2) tooto与 not enough to句型的转换:He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married.The book is too difficult for me to read.=The book is not easy enough for me to read.3、
8、形容词原级表示比较级含义:约翰不象迈克那么苯。John is not so stupid as Mike.John is less stupid than Mike.John is cleverer than Mike.4、 用比较级表示最高级:约翰是班里最高的男生。John is taller than any other boy in the class.John is the tallest boy in the class.John is taller than any other boy.any of the other boy.all the other boy.any of th
9、e others.any one else.5、 the more. the more.表示“越越”:The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is.The more food you eat, the fatter you are.6、 more and more.表示“越来越”:More and more students realized the importance of a foreign language.Our country is getting stronger and stronger.Mid-Autumn Fest
10、ivalMid-Autumn Day形容词比较级和最高级绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。 例如: poor tall great glad bad形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。 分为规则变化和不规则变化。规则变化如下:1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。great (原级)
11、 (比较级) (最高级)2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。wide (原级) (比较级) (最高级)3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词
12、的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。clever(原级) (比较级) (最高级)4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-est 构成.happy (原形) (比较级)
13、 (最高级)5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。big (原级) (比较级) (最高级)6) 双音节和多音节形容
14、词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。beautiful (原级)? (比较级) (比较级)difficult (原级)
15、60; (最高级) (最高级)常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级:原级-比较级-最高级good-better-best many-more-mostmuch-more-mostbad-worse-worstfar-farther, further-farthest, furthest形容词前如
16、加 less 和 least 则表示"较不"和"最不"important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要形容词比较级的用法:形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下:主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。 也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。Our teacher is
17、160; we are. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。It is today than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。This picture is than that one. 这张照片比
18、那张照片漂亮。This meeting is than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要。The sun is than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得
19、多。形容词最高级的用法:形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为:主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。She is student her class. 她是班上最好的学生。Shanghai is one of &
20、#160; cities China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。This is apple I have ever met. 这是我见到的最大的苹果。Tom is bo
21、y in his basketball team. 汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。形容词、副词比较等级使用中的典型错误分析在运用形容词、副词的比较级和最高级时,同学们容易犯一些错误。现在就这些常见错误逐一分类并作简析,以便大家从中吸取教训,避免类似错误的发生。一、避免不同类事物进行比较1他的钢笔比我的便宜。【误】His pen is cheaper than I. 【正】His pen is cheaper than mine. 【析】在比较级的句子中,相比较的双方必须是同类事物,否则会造成歧义(mine = my pne)。2在夏季,重庆的天气比成都热。【误】The weather in
22、 Chongqing is hotter than in Chengdu in summer. 【正】The weather in Chongqing is hotter than that in Chengdu in winter. 【析】介词短语做定语时,比较句中的主语不省略。为了避免重复,常用that或those来代替前面出现的名词(主语)。 3. 学英语比学汉语容易。 【误】It is easier to learn English than learning Chinese
23、 【正】It is easier to learn English than to learn Chinese 【析】在比较句中,前后两个比较对象的结构、形式应一致。再如: 我比他更喜欢狗。 【误】I like the dog more than him 【正】I
24、 like the dog more than he二、避免自己同自己比较4比尔比他班上的其他男孩都高。【误】Bill is taller than any boy in his class. 【正】Bill is taller than any other boy in his class. 【析】若在同一范围内比较,用比较级的形式来表达最高级的含义,要用“any other + 单数名词”或"(all)the other+复数名词",必须把自己排除在外。再如: 成都比四川省的任何城市都大。&
25、#160; Chengdu is larger than any other city in Sichuan Province. Chengdu is larger than (all) the other cities in Sichuan Province.5玛丽歌唱得比班里的任何一个男孩都好。【误】Mary sings better than boy in her class. 【正】Mary
26、 sings better than any boy in her class. 【析】在比较级的句子中,不同类别的人或物在同一范围内进行比较,或同一类人或物在不同范围内进行比较,不需要用other把自己排除在外,只要在比较的事物前加any。再如:Shanghai is larger than any city in Japan. 上海比日本的任何城市都要大。三、避免错用修饰词6吉姆比他妹妹大得多。【误】Jim is very older than his sister. 【正】Jim is much older than his sister. 【析】比较级前面常用much, a littl
27、e, far, even, a lot, still等副词来修饰,表示程度。不可用very, too, quite等词来修饰。再如:This box is a little heavier than that one. 这个箱子比那个箱子稍微重一点儿。四、避免错用表示范围的介词7我在我们班年龄最小。【误】I am the youngest of our class. 【正】I am the youngest in our class. 【析】在最高级的句子中,当表示范围的名词或代词与主语是同一类事物,并把主语包含在内时,要用介词of;而当两者不属于同一类事物时,要用介词in。再如:He wri
28、tes best of the three boys. 在这三个男孩中,他的字母写得最高。8李雷在他们兄弟当中个子最高。【误】Li Lei is the tallest of his brothers. 【正】Li Lei is the tallest of the brothers. 【析】在最高级的句子中,主语应被包含在比较范围之内。此句中his brothers,不包括Li Lei在内了。五、避免错用定冠词9它是一本非常有用的书。【误】It is the most useful book. 【正】It is a most useful book. 【析】当没有比较范围时,most相当于v
29、ery,不表示最高级的含义,其前不加定冠词the。另外,当最高级前有物主代词。名词所有格、序数词等修饰时,也不加定冠词再如:Kate is our best friend. 凯特是我们最好的朋友。10汤姆是两个男孩中较瘦的一个。【误】Tom is thinner of the two boys. 【正】Tom is the thinner of the two boys. 【正】当表示范围的介词为of the two时,不用最高级而只能用比较级,并且在比较级前面加上定冠词the,表示特指。六、避免错用固定结构11吉姆的书比凯特的多。【误】Jims books are more thank Ka
30、tes. 【正】Jim has more books than Kate。【析】在英语句子中,many,much,few,a few,little及其比较级一般不做表语,只做定语。因此,要将句子的结构做适当的调整,选择适当的词做主语。再如:There is less milk in this bottle than in that one.这瓶中的牛奶比那个瓶中的少。12情况正变得越来越好。【误】Things are getting better【正】Things are getting better and better【析】当表示事物本身程度的变化,不与其它事物相比较时,要用“比较级 +
31、and +比较级”或“more and more + (多音节词的)原级”结构,意为“越来越”。再如:Our city is becoming more and more beautiful我们的城市正变得越来越漂亮。13你站得越高,就看得越远。【误】You stand higher, youll see farther【正】The higher you stand, the farther youll see【析】当表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化时,要用结构“the + 比较级,the + 比较级”。再如:The more,the better多多益善。 14.上海是
32、世界上最大的城市之一。 【误】Shanghai is one of largest cities in the world 【正】Shanghai is one of the largest cities in the world 【析】在使用最高级的“one of the 最高级复数名词”结构时,切勿漏用定冠词,且名词要用复数形式。英语语法之形容词比较级和最高级强化练习题1 . 1-5 D A C A B 16. 1-3 D A D2. 6-11C C B D A B 17. 1-3 B A C3. 12-17 A A D B D D 18. 1-5 C D D D B4.18-22 B B
33、 C C 19. 1-4 A B A D5. 23-25A D A 20. 1-4 C C A C6.26-29D A C C 21. 1-6 A A C B B D7. 30-3 2B C B 22. 1-4 C D A C8. 33-3 5A B A 23. 1-3 B C B9 .36-40 B D B A B1. This box is_D_ that one.A. heavy than B. so heavy than C. heavier as D. as heavy as2 When we speak to people, we should be ' .AA. as p
34、olite as possible B. as polite as possiblyC. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly3 This book is_C_ that one, but_ than that one.A. as difficult as; expensiveB. as more difficult as; more expensiveC. as difficult as; more expensiveD. more difficult as; as expensive4 I think the story is
35、 not so _A_ as that one.A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting5 His father began to work_B_ he was seven years old.A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while6. I think science is C_ than Japanese.A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much impo
36、rtant( ) 7This pencil is_C_ than that one.A.longest B. long C. longer D. as long( ) 8. My mother is no _B_ young.A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few( ) 9. These children are _D_ this year than they were last year.A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller( ) 10 It was very hot yeste
37、rday, but it is_A_ today.A. even hotter B. more hotterC. much more hot D. much hot11. Mrs Black has got_B_ instead of getting any better.A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse1 2When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with_A_ students.A. quite a few B. only a few C.
38、 few D. a few quite13 The house is much too small for a family of six.AA. much too B. too much C. very much D.so14.Through the window we can see nothing but _D_ buildings.A. tall very many B. very many tall C. very tall many D. many very tall15 -What's your brother like?-He is_B_.A. a driver B.
39、very tall C. my friend D. at school16. The jacket was so_D_ that he decided to buy it. ,A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheap17 Our classroom is_D_ larger than theirs.A. more B. quite C. very D. much18. The earth is about_B_ as the moon.A. as fifty time big B. fifty times as big C. as big fifty ti
40、mes D. fifty as times big19. Your room is twice the size of mine. A. twice as large than B. twice the size of C. bigger twice than D. as twice large as20Your room is _C_ than mine.A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times21 His father is_C_than his mother. ;A.
41、older four years B. as four years older C. four years older D. bigger four years22 Maths is more popular than_A_.A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject( ) 23 China is larger than any country in Africa (W).A. any other country B. other countries C. the other country
42、J 1%D. any country( )24 Tom is stronger than _A_ in his class.A. any other boy B. any boys C. any boy D. other boy( ) 25 When spring comes, it gets shorter and shorterA. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter26 By and by, more and more students in our class ca
43、me to like English. A. more and more B. much and much C. many and many D. less and least27 At last he began to cry _C_.A. hard and hard B. more hard and more hard C. harder and harder D. less hard and less harder28When spring comes the days get _C_ and nights _.A. short; long B. long; short C. longe
44、r; shorter D. shorter; longer29_The more I look at the picture, the less I like it.A. The best; the more B. The more; the lessC. The more; less D. More; the more30 The more he read the book, the more interested he got in it. A. The more; the more interestingB. The less; the more interesting (物体C. Th
45、e more; the more interested D. More; more interested 3 1_B_ you come back, _B_ it will be.A, The quicker; the best B. The sooner; the better C. Faster; the better D. The sooner; better32 I like the oldeone of the two books.A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older( )33Which is_B_country, China o
46、r Japan?A. the large B. the larger C. larger D. largest( ) 34 AOf the two cups, he bought .A. the smaller B. the smallest C. small D: smaller( ) 35 Which do you like _, tea or coffee?A. well B. better C. best D. most( ) 36This work is much difficult for me than for you.A. difficult B. most difficult
47、C. much difficult D. more difficult( ) 37Which do you think tastes _B_, the chicken or the fish?A. good B. better C. best D. well( ) 38The Great Pyramid is about 137 metres high today, but it was once higherA. higher B. highest C. high too D. more high( ) 39 Don't you think it better not to writ
48、e the letter?A. well , B. better C. best D. good( ) 40 Who jumped_C_of all?A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the most far1 . 1-5 D A C A B 16. 1-3 D A D2. 6-11C C B D A B 17. 1-3 B A C3. 12-17 A A D B D D 18. 1-5 C D D D B4.18-22 B B C C 19. 1-4 A B A D5. 23-25A D A 20. 1-4 C C A C6.26-29D A C C 21.
49、1-6 A A C B B D7. 30-3 2B C B 22. 1-4 C D A C8. 33-3 5A B A 23. 1-3 B C B9 .36-40 B D B A B( ) 41 Li Lei is_ student in our class.A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest( ) 42The fifth orange is_ of all. Give it to that small child.A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggest( )43 Who is-of you
50、 three?A. the oldest B. much older C. oldest D. older( )44Tom is one of _ boys in our class.A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest B. the tall( ) 45 English is one of_ spoken in the world.A. the important languages B. the most important languages C. most important language D. the most important languag
51、e( ) 46 Beijing is one of_ in China.A. the largest city r ' B. the large cities C. the larger cities D. the largest cities47. Most of the woods _ been taken good care of.A. are B. is C. has D. have48 _ like playing football and watching TV.A. Most boys B. Most of they C. Most boy D. More of they
52、49 _ are here watering the flowers here.A. Some B. Some of the boys C. Some boy D. Some of boys50_ haven't been to American.A. Most them B. Most they C. More of them D. Most of them51 _ is more beautiful than roses.A. No other flower B. No another flower C. Not other flower D. Not all flowers52
53、The tree is _ in the garden.A. the taller B. the tallest C. taller than of-all D. tall.53 Mary studies harder in her class.A. as any one B. than any other girl C. than the other D. than anyone54Which is_, Li Lei or Wu Tong?A. strong B. strongest C. stronger D. the strongest55 Which language is_, Eng
54、lish, French or Japanese? A. easy B. the most easy C. the easiest o D. much more easy56 Which is_interesting, science, maths or English?A. more B. the most C. very D. too57 Which city is_, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou? A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. much more beautiful D. the most beautiful58 Whic
55、h month is_, June, July or August?A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. the hottest59Do you have _ to tell us?A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything60Mike, I have_to tell you.A. important something B. important anything C. something important , D. anything important61 There is _
56、in today's newspaper.A. interesting something B. nothing interesting C. interesting anything D. anything interesting62 -Is Mrs Brown badly ill?-No, _. Only a little cold.A. quite well B. nothing serious C. not worry D. anything serious63 Come here, I have_ to tell you.A. interesting something B.
57、 anything interesting C. nothing interesting D. something interesting64. I'm not _ to lift the heavy box.A. short enough B. enough tall C. health enough D. strong enough65 The girl works hard _ to pass the exam.A. enough B. too C. still D. yet66 He has_ to think it over. . A. many time B. times
58、C. time enough D, enough time67 "Do you want_A. else anything B. anything else C. other anything D. else something68 Have you seen _ in the room?A. anyone else B. else anyone C. anyone other D. everyone else69 _ would like to go to the park with me?A. Whom else B. What else C. Who else D. Else
59、who70Wei Fang is only six, but she speaks English_ her mother. A. as good as B. as better as C. as well as D. as best as71、She was sick yesterday, but she is_ to go to school today. A. enough good B. good enough C. enough well D. well enough72、 This kind of book is-_ for the children to read.A. enou
60、gh well ' B. enough good C. well enough D. good enough ) 4 -Are you feeling _?-Yes, I'm fine now.A. quite good B. quite better C. any well D. any better ) 73 This shirt is no good. That one is evenA. better B. worse C. well D. worst74 We have never seen_ interesting films.A. such B. such an
61、C. so D. such a75Don't read :' books _ you can't understand.A. as; such B. such; as C. same; as D. as; as76 This is_ book_ I'd like to read once more.A. such an interesting; that B. so interesting; that C. such an interesting; as D. a so interesting; as77 We haven't seen _ play.A
62、. so wonderful B. a so wonderful C. such wonderful D. such a wonderful78 I am twelve; Mike is fourteen; Mary is thirteen.So Mike is the _ of the three.A. old B. older C. oldest D. the oldest79、 My _ brother is three years _ than I.A. elder; elder B. older; oldest C. elder; older D. older; elder80、Hi
63、s _ son often go to see him on Sunday.A. eldest B. olderC. the eldest D. the older81、He is two years _ than I.A. elder B. smaller C. younger D. less82、 I think the book is very_.A. interesting B. interested C. interest D. interests83、They were very _ to see each other again.A. pleased B. surprising
64、C. happily -D. angrily84、She is very_ the news.A. surprise in B. surprise with C. surprised at D. surprised for 85 The boys are _ computers.A. interesting in B. interested C. interesting about D. interested about86、 -How does Kate like her new work? -She_ with the hours.A. can't satisfy B. isn
65、39;t satisfied C. doesn't satisfy D- hasn't satisfied87 The man was not _ when he heard the _ words.A. frightening; frightening B. frightened; frightened C. frightening; frightened D. frightened; frightening88、 Helen isn't a_ friend of mine. I feel_ sorry for her.A. true; true B. truly;
66、true C. true; truly D. truly" truly89、 I'm sorry. I'm late. My watch is a few minutes_.A. slower B. slowly C. more slowly D. slow90、The song sounds_.A. sweet B. nicely C. well D. moved91、The ship sank_ under the sea.A. deeply B. depth C. deep D. more deep92、_ helped a lot in our country.A. The blind is B. The blind areC. The blinds is D. Blind are93、_ should study hard for the
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