新课标高考英语阅读分类复习：人物传记类

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1、高考-分类阅读-1人物传记类新课标高考英语阅读分类复习：人物传记类第1题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语（全国）DAnyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir（回忆录）of Ralph W. Tyler, who is one of the most famous men in American education. Born in Chicago in 1902, brought up and school

2、ed in Nebraska, the 19-year-old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education. Graduate work at the University of Chicago found him connected with honorable educators Charles Judd and W. W.

3、Charters, whose ideas of teaching and testing had an effect on his later work. In 1927, he became a teacher of Ohio State University where he further developed a new method of testing.Tyler became well-known nationality in 1938, when he carried his work with the Eight-Year Study from Ohio State Univ

4、ersity to the University of Chicago at the invitation of Robert Hutchins.Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, a position he held for fourteen years. There, he firmly believed that researchers should be free to seek an independent（独立的）s

5、pirit in their work. Although Tyler officially retired in 1967, he never actually retired. He served on a long list of educational organizations in the United States and abroad. Even in his 80s he traveled across the country to advise teachers and management people on how to set objectives（目标）that d

6、evelop the best teaching and learning within their schools. 68. Who are most probably interested in Ralph W. Tylers memoir? A. Top managers. B. Language learners. C. Serious educators. D. Science organizations.69. The words “hooked oh teaching” underlined in Paragraph 2 probably mean _. A. attracted

7、 to teachingB. tired of teaching C. satisfied with teachingD. unhappy about teaching70. Where did Tyler work as the leader of a research center for over 10 years? A. The University of Chicago.B. Stanford University. C. Ohio State University.D. Nebraska University.71. Tyler is said to have never actu

8、ally retired because _. A. he developed a new method of testing B. he called for free spirit in research C. he was still active in giving advice D. he still led the Eight-Year Study答案 68. C 69. A 70. B 71. C 68. 解析:这是一道推断题。根据第一段“Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their st

9、udents learn will be interested in the memoir of Ralph W.Tyler,”得知关心学校和大学教育的人会对Tyler的回忆录感兴趣。69. 解析:这是一道词义猜测题。根据第二段“.Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education.”可知他原来的专业是药学,在South Dakota 做科学教师时被吸引到教育行业。70. 解析:这是

10、一道推断题。根据第五段“Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford,a position he held for fourteen years”可以推断出他在Stanford University领导研究工作长达十年以上。71. 解析:这是一道推断题。根据最后一段“Even in his 80s he traveled across the country to advise teachers and management people

11、on how to set objectives.”可以推断出他退休后还在指导其他教师,所以说他没有真正退休。 第2题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语（辽宁卷）BDanielle Steel, Americas sweetheart, is one of the hardest working women in the book business. Unlike other productive authors who write one book at a time, she can work on up to five. Her research time before writing t

12、akes at least three years. Once she has fully studied her subjects, ready to dive into a book, she can spend twenty hours nonstop at her desk.Danielle Steel comes from New York and was sent to France for her education. After graduation, she worked in the public relations and advertising industries.

13、Later she started a job as a writer which she was best fit for. Her achievements are unbelievable: 390 million copies of books in print, nearly fifty New York Times best-selling novels, and a series of Max and Martha picture books for children to help them deal with the real-life problems of death,

14、new hobbies and new schools. Her 1998 book about the death of her son shot to the top of the New York Times best-selling list as soon as it came out. Twenty-eight of her books have been made into films. She is listed in the Guinness Book of World Records for one of her books being the Times best-sel

15、ler for 381 weeks straight.Not content with a big house, a loving family, and a view of the Golden Gate Bridge, Danielle Steel considers her readers to be the most important resource(资源) and has kept in touch with them by e-mail. While she is often compared to the heroines(女主人公) of her own invention

16、, her life is undoubtedly much quieter. But, if she does have anything in common with them, it is her strength of will and her inimitable(独特的) style. There is only one Danielle Steel.60. Danielle Steel is different from other writers in that _.A. she can write several books at the same time B. she o

17、ften does some research before writing a bookC. she is one of the most popular American women writers D. she can keep writing for quite a long time without a break61. Children who have read Max and Martha picture books may know _.A. how to deal with affairs at schoolB. what to do if Max and Martha d

18、ieC. what to do when new babies are born into their familiesD. how to solve the difficult problems in their writing classes62. One of Danielle Steels achievements is that _.A. some TV plays were based on her booksB. her picture books attracted a lot of young menC. one of her books became a best-sell

19、er in 1998D. she wrote the Guinness Book of World Records63. We can learn from the passage that Danielle Steel _.A. lives an exciting lifeB. values her readers a lotC. writes about quiet womenD. is pleased with her achievements答案 60. A 61. C 62. C 63. B60. 解析:这是一道推断题。根据第一段“Unlike other productive au

20、thors who write one book at a time,she can work on up to five.”可知她和其他高产作家不同的是她可以同时写几本书。61. 解析:这是一道推理题。根据第二段“.a series of Max and Martha picture books for children to help them deal with the real-life problems of death,new babies and new schools.”可知“Max and Martha”这套书可以教给孩子如何对待新生儿。62. 解析:这是一道推断题。根据第二

21、段“Her 1998 book about the death of her were shot to the top of the New York Times best-selling list as soon as it came out.”可知她的一本书在1998年成为最畅销的书。63. B解析:这是一道推断题。根据最后一段“Danielle Steel considers her readers to be the most important resource and kept in touch with them by e-mail.”可知Danielle Steel把她的读者当

22、成最重要的资源,所以她很珍视这些读者。 第3题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语（陕西卷）A Louis Armstrong had two famous nicknames (绰号). Some people called him Bagamo. They said his mouth looked like a large bag, Musicians often called him Pops, as a sign of respect for his influence (影响) on the world of music. Born in 1901 in New Orleans, be

23、 grew up poor, but lived among great musicians. Jazz was invented in the city a few years before his birth. Armstrong often said, “Jazz and I grew up together.” Armstrong showed a great talent (天赋) for music when he was taught to play the cornet (短号) at a boys home. In his late teens, Armstrong bega

24、n to live the life of a musician. He played in parades, clubs, and on the steamboats that traveled on the Mississippi River. At that time, New Orleans was famous for the new music of jazz and was home to many great musicians. Armstrong learned from the older musicians and soon became respected as th

25、eir equal. In 1922 he went to Chicago. There, the tale of Louis Armstrong begins. From then until the end of his life, Armstrong was celebrated and loved wherever be went Armstrong had no equal when it came to playing the American popular song. His cornet playing had a deep humanity (仁爱) and warmth

26、that caused many listeners to say, “Listening to Pops just makes you feel good all over.” He was the father of the jazz style(风格) and also one of the best-known and most admired people in the world. His death, on July 6,1971, was headline news around the world.41.Armstrong was called Pops because he

27、 . A. looked like a musician B. was a musician of much influenceC. showed an interest in music D. traveled to play modern music42.The third paragraph is developed .A. by space B. by examples C. by time D. by comparison43.Which statement about Armstrong is true?A. His tale begins in New Orleans. B. H

28、e was born before jazz was invented.C. His music was popular with his listeners.D. He learned popular music at a boys home.44.Which would be the best title for the text?A. The Invention of the Jazz MusicB. The Father of the Jazz StyleC. The Making of a MusicianD. The Spread of Popular Music答案 41. B

29、42. C 43. C 44. B41.解析：这是一道细节题。根据第一段中的“Musicians often called him Pops,as a sign of respect for his influence on the world of music.”和第三段中的“In his late teens,Armstrong began to live the life of a musician.Armstrong learned from the older musicians and soon became respected as their equal.”可判断出Armstr

30、ong之所以被称之为Pops是因为他是具有影响的音乐家。42. 解析：这是一道推断题。短文的第三段讲述了Armstrong在童年是显露出音乐天赋、在青少年开始过着音乐家的生活、以后成名，由此可推断出这一段是按时间顺序写作的。43. 解析：这是一道正误判断题。根据最后一段中的“His cornet playing had a deep humanity and warmth that caused many listeners to say,Listening to Pops just makes you feel good all over.”可判断出选项C是正确的。44. 解析：这是一道标题

31、选择题。这篇短文讲述了Armstrong成为爵士乐之父的过程，短文的最后一段中的“He was the father of the jazz style and also one of the best-known and most admired people in the world.”点明了这篇短文的主题，所以最好的题目应该是：The Father of the Jazz Style 第4题(年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语（海南、宁夏卷新课标）DAnyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their stu

32、dents learn will be interested in the memoir（回忆录）of Ralph W. Tyler, who is one of the most famous men in American education. Born in Chicago in 1902, brought up and schooled in Nebraska, the 19-year-old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in Sou

33、th Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education. Graduate work at the University of Chicago found him connected with honorable educators Charles Judd and W. W. Charters, whose ideas of teaching and testing had an effect on his later work. In 1927, he became a teacher of Ohio State Univers

34、ity where he further developed a new method of testing.Tyler became well-known nationality in 1938, when he carried his work with the Eight-Year Study from Ohio State University to the University of Chicago at the invitation of Robert Hutchins.Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced

35、Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, a position he held for fourteen years. There, he firmly believed that researchers should be free to seek an independent（独立的）spirit in their work. Although Tyler officially retired in 1967, he never actually retired. He served on a long list of educationa

36、l organizations in the United States and abroad. Even in his 80s he traveled across the country to advise teachers and management people on how to set objectives（目标）that develop the best teaching and learning within their schools. 68. Who are most probably interested in Ralph W. Tylers memoir?A. Top

37、 managers. B. Language learners. C. Serious educators. D. Science organizations.69. The words “hooked oh teaching” underlined in Paragraph 2 probably mean _. A. attracted to teaching B. tired of teaching C. satisfied with teaching D. unhappy about teaching70. Where did Tyler work as the leader of a

38、research center for over 10 years?A. The University of Chicago.B. Stanford University.C. Ohio State University. D. Nebraska University.答案 68. C 69. A 70. B68. 解析:这是一道推断题。根据第一段“Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir of Ralp

39、h W.Tyler,”得知关心学校和大学教育的人会对Tyler的回忆录感兴趣。69. 解析:这是一道词义猜测题。根据第二段“.Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education.”可知他原来的专业是药学,在South Dakota 做科学教师时被吸引到教育行业。70. 解析:这是一道推断题。根据第五段“Tyler was the first director of the Cente

40、r for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford,a position he held for fourteen years”可以推断出他在Stanford University领导研究工作长达十年以上。 第5题(2006年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语湖南卷)Susan Sontag (1933 2004)was one of the most noticeable figures in the world of literature.For more than 40 years she made it morally ne

41、cessary to know everything to read every book worth reading ,to see every movie worth seeing .When she was still in her early 30s,publishing essays in such important magazines as Partisan Review, she appeared as the symbol of American culture life ,trying hard to follow every new development in lite

42、rature, film and art .With great effort and serious judgment . Sontag walked at the latest edges of world culture. Seriousness was one of Sontags lifelong watchwords(格言),but at a time when the barriers between the well-educated and the poor-educated were obvious,she argued for a true openness to the

43、 pleasures of pop culture.In “Notes on Camp”,the 1964 essay that first made her name ,she explained what was then a little-known set of difficult understandings,through which she could not have been more famous .“Notes on Camp”,she wrote,represents“a victory of formovercontent,beautyovermorals”. By

44、conviction（信念）she was a sensualist（感觉论者）, but by nature she was a moralist （伦理学者）,and in the works she published in the 1970s and 1980s , it was the latter side of her that came forward. In Illness as Metaphor published in 1978, after she suffered cancershe argued against the idea that cancer was so

45、mehow a special problem of repressed personalities（被压抑的性格）, a concept that effectively blamed the victim for the disease. In fact , re-examining old positions was her lifelong lifelong habit. In America,her story of a 19th century Polish actress who set up a perfect society in California, won the Na

46、tional Book Award in 2000.But it was as a tireless, all-purpose cultural view that she made her lasting fame.“Sometimes,”she once said ,“I feel that, in the end, all I am really defending is the idea of seriousness, of true seriousness.”And in the end ,she made us take it seriously too.71.The underl

47、ined sentence in paragraph 1 means Sontag_.A.was a symbol of American cultural life B.developed world literature,film and art C.published many essays about world cultureD.kept pace with the newest development of world culture72.She first won her name through _.A.her story of a Polish actress B.her b

48、ook Illness as MetaphorC.publishing essays in magazines like partisan ReviewD. her explanation of a set of difficult understandings73.According to the passage,Susan Sontag_.A.was a sensualist as well as a moralistB.looked down upon the pop cultureC.thought content was more important than formD.blame

49、d the victim of cancer for being repressed74.As for Susan Sontags lifelong habit , she _.A.misunderstood the idea of seriousness B. re-examined old positionsC.argued for an openess to pop culture D.preferred morals to beauty75.Susan Sontags lasting fame was made upon_-.A. a tireless, all-purpose cul

50、tural view B. her lifelong watchword ：seriousnessC. publishing books on moralsD. enjoying books worth reading and movies worth seeing 答案 7175：DDABA71解析：这是一道推断题。从句子本意是“Sontag走在世界文学最晚的边界”，从时间上来讲，“最晚的发生的”意思是“最新的发生的”；而且的一段前面也讲到Sontag努力跟上文学、电影和艺术的新发展。因此，本句含义是“Sontag跟上世界文学最新发展的步伐”。72解析：这是一道推断题。第二段讲到，Notes

51、 on Camp使他首次成名，而答案中没有这本文章的名字。再看这句话，讲到在Notes on Camp这篇文章的里，她解释了“a little-known set of difficult understandings”。73解析：这是一道推断题。第三段第一句By convention she was a sensualist, but by nature she was a moralist ，可知她既是感觉论者，又是伦理学者，因此选A。74解析：这是一道推断题。本题问的是Sontag的终生习惯，从第三段最后一句 re-examining old positions was her life

52、long habit可以判断，她的终生习惯是“re-examine old positions”。75解析：这是一道推断题。本题问的是Sontag持久的名声，从最后一段第二句 But it was a tireless, all-purpose cultural view that she made her lasting fame.可知选A。第6题(2006年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语安徽卷) People fell in love with Elizabeth Taylor in 1944, when she starred in National Velvet-the story of

53、 Velvet Brown, a young girl who wins first place in a famous horse race. At first, the producers of the movie told Taylor that she was too small to play the part of Velvet. However, they waited for her for a few months as she exercised and trainedand added three inches to her height in four months!

54、Her acting in National Velvet is still considered the best by a child actress. Elizabeth Taylor was born in London in 1932. Her parents, both Americans, had moved there for business reasons. When World war II started, the Taylor moved to Beverly Hills, California, and there Elizabeth started acting

55、in movies. After her success as a child star, Taylor had no trouble moving into adult(成人)roles and won twice for Best Actress: Butterfield 8(1960) and Whos Afraid of Virginia Woolf ? (1966) Taylors fame(名声)and popularity gave her a lot of power with the movie industry, so she was able to demand very

56、 high pay for her movies. In 1963, she received $1 million for her part in Cleopatrathe highest pay received by any star up to that time. Elizabeth Taylor is a legend (传奇人物) of our time. Like Velvet Brown in National Velvet, she has been lucky, she has beauty, fame and wealth. But she is also a hard

57、 worker. Taylor seldom acts in movies any more. Instead, she puts her time and efforts into her businesses, and into helping others several years ago, she founded an organization that has raised more than $40 million for research and education.60. The producers didnt let Taylor play the part of Velv

58、et at first because they thought she .A. was small in size B. was too youngC. did not play well enough D. did not show much interest61. What Elizabeth Taylor and Velvet Brown had in common was that they were both .A. popular all their lives B. famous actressesC. successful when very young D. rich an

59、d kind-hearted62. Taylor became Best Actress at the age of .A. 12 B. 28 C. 31 D. 3463. In her later life , Elizabeth Taylor devoted herself to .A. doing business and helping othersB. turning herself into a legendC. collecting money for the poorD. going about research and education work答案 60.A 61.C 6

60、2.B 63.A60解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据第一段第二句。“At first, the producers of the movie told Taylor that she was too small to play the part of Velvet.”这里的small是指身高而不是年龄，因为剧组又等她长了3英寸才开始拍。所以选A.61解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据第一段“the story of Velvet Brown, a young girl who wins first place in a famous horse race”和第二段“After her success

61、 as a child star”可以推断两个都是很小就成名了。62解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据“Elizabeth Taylor was born in London in 1932.”和“Taylor had no trouble moving into adult roles and won twice for Best Actress: Butterfield8(1960) and Whos Afraid of Virginia Woolf?(1966)”可知第一次获得最佳演员是1960年，28岁。63解析：这是一道细节推断题。根据“Instead, she puts her tim

62、e and efforts into her businesses, and into helping others”可以知道她的后期生活主要在做生意和帮助他人，所以选A.第7题(2005年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语辽宁卷)When Babbage was working at Cambridge, a new idea occurred to him. He wanted to construct a calculating machine to work out the solutions（解法）to maths problems not only with correctness bu

63、t also with a speed beyond the power of any human mind. His machine could solve problems involving（涉及）long rows of figures in one continuous operation（运算）. In 1822 Babbage exhibited his invention and won a prize from the government. After that, he immediately started to work on a larger machine designed to solve mor