高三英语阅读理解综合能力训练学案

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1、高三英语阅读理解综合能力训练学案教学三维目标：能力训练： 明确高考阅读理解的六种能力要求，运用所学方法准确答题,提高阅读理解能力。过程与方法： 自主学习与小组学习相结合，以训练为主线，以学生自我突破为中心。情感态度价值观：解决问题，总结方法，树立信心，提升学生阅读理解准确答题能力。学习重点： 让学生明确高考阅读理解的六种能力要求,把握六种能力考查特点,强化阅读理解破题方法，排除干扰选项。难点突破：能把握六种能力考查特点,熟练运用阅读方法，排除干扰选项，作出正确选择。教学过程：句子朗诵(1min)1. Today, I dont let myself down ;Tomorrow, I wont

2、 let my parents down.2. I want to succeed ; I believe I can make it .3. Practice makes perfect.一. 高考英语阅读理解六种能力要求：（2min）1.理解归纳语篇的主旨和要义2.理解语篇中的具体信息3.根据语篇上下文推测词义4.作出简单判断和推理5.理解语篇的基本结构6.理解作者的意图、观点和态度二 实例练习(18min)(一) 理解归纳语篇的主旨和要义【命题方式】1 The text (passage) could be entitled _.2 What is the best title for

3、the passage? 3 Which of the following would be a suitable title for the passage? 4 The passage mainly tells us (about)_ .5 What is the main idea of the text?【考例1】（2012全国A）Honey from the African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious. Most people, and many animals, like eati

4、ng it. However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees nest and take the honey from it. Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helper a little bi

5、rd called a honey guide.The honey guide does not actually like honey, but it does like the wax (蜂蜡) in the beehives (蜂房). The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people. Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the

6、honey guide takes its share. Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it. They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking honey from his beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit.63. What

7、can be the best title for the text? 2A. Wild Bees C. Beekeeping in AfricaB. Wax and HoneyD. Honey-Lovers Helper（二）理解语篇中的具体信息【命题方式】（用who, what, when, where, why和how等提问，以及判断正误）When / Where did the story happen?Which of the following statements is (not) correct?Which of the following statements is (not

8、) mentioned in the passage?Which is the right order of the events given in the passage?All the statements are true exceptAccording to the passage, who(what, where ,when, why, how, etc,)?【考例2】（2012全国A）Honey from the African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious. Most people

9、, and many animals, like eating it. However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees nest and take the honey from it. Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and

10、unexpected helper一a little bird called a honey guide.60. Why is it difficult to find a wild bees nest? A. Its small in size.B. Its hidden in trees.C. Its covered with wax.D. Its hard to recognize.（三）根据语篇上下文推测词义【命题方式】这类考题包括对生词生义的推测、熟词生义的推测。1What does the underlined word “.” in the first paragraph mea

11、n?2Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined word?3The underlined word “.” could best be replaced by _.4According to the passage，the underlined word “.” is the closest in meaning to “_” 【考例3】（2012年陕西C）The authors of both studies stress that these risks are relatively small f

12、or healthy people and certainly modest compared with other risk factors such as smoking and high blood pressure. However, it is important to be aware of these dangers because everyone is exposed to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices. So stricter regulation by the EPA of pollutants may not

13、 only improve environmental air quality but could also become necessary to protect public health.54. The underlined word “modest” in Paragraph 3 most probably means _A. relatively high B. extremely lowC. relatively low D. extremely high（四）作出基本的推理和判断【命题方式】细节推断（如时间、地点、人物关系等）和逻辑推断 （ 根据已知的结果推断导致结果产生的可能原

14、因）1. It can be inferred from the passage (or the last paragraph) that.2It can be learned from the passage (or the last paragraph) that.3It can be concluded from the passage (or the last paragraph) that.4It implies that.5Where would you most probably find this passage? 6What would the author most lik

15、ely continue to talk about in the next paragraph(s)?【考例4】（2012北京A）If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer. Or you can get your money back.59. Where is the passage most likely to have been taken from? A. A news report.

16、 B. A book review C. A lesson plan. D. An advertisement（五）理解篇章的基本结构1. How is the passage organized?2. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?3. The author develops the passage mainly by.【考例5】(2012陕西C)Brad closed the door slowly as Sue left home to visit her mother. Expecting

17、a whole day to relax Things started well, but just after eight oclock, his three little “good kids”Mike, Randy, and Alexcame down the stairs in their night clothes and shouted “breakfast, daddy.” Brad realized his newspaper would have to wait for a few seconds.Life became worse after breakfast. Mike

18、 wore Randys underwear on his head. Randy locked himself in the bathroom, while Alex shouted again because he was going to wet his pants Brad knew the talk show had already started.By ten oclock, things were out of control. Alex was wondering why the fish in the jar refused his bread and butter. Mik

19、e was trying to show off his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his color pencils. Brad realized that the talk show was over and reading would be impossible.At exactly 11:17, Brad called the daycare centre (日托所）.“I suddenly have to go into work and my wifes away. Can I bring the boys over in

20、 a few minutes?” The answer was obviously “yes” because Brad was smiling.52. This text is developed_.A. by space B. by comparison C. by process D. by time（六）理解作者的意图、观点和态度【命题方式】1）The purpose of this passage is to _2) In the passage the author wants to _ . 3）The writers attitude toward is_ . 【考例6】（201

21、1福建E）In one sense, thats a good thing. But it also has a disadvantage. If you continue to invest in your old friends even though you can no longer see them, then certainly you arent using your time to make new friends where you now live. And I suspect that probably isnt the best use of your time. Me

22、aningful relationships are about being able to communicate with each other, face to face. The internet will slow down the rate with which relationships end, but it wont stop that happening eventually.75. What is the authors attitude towards the use of the internet to strengthen relationships?A. Unce

23、rtain B. Neutral C. Approving D. Doubtful涉及作者态度的词常有：褒义类:approving(赞同的), positive, optimistic, etc.贬义类:critical（批评的）, pessimistic（悲观的）, doubtful, questioning(质疑的)中性类:indifferent, serious, objective（客观的）, unconcerned, neutral（中立的）三 巩固练习(15min)4A.(2012年重庆卷C篇)There is no better way to enjoy Scottish tra

24、ditions than going fishing and tasting a little whisky(威士忌)at a quiet place like the Inverlochy Castle. When Queen Victoria visited the castle in 1873 she wrote in her diary, “I never saw a lovelier spot .” And she didnt even go fishing.Scotland is not easily defined. In certain moments, this quiet

25、land of lakes and grasses and mountains changes before your very eyes. When evening gently sweeps the hillside into orange, the rivers, teeming with (挤满)fish, can turn into streams of gold. As you settle down with just a fishing pole and a basket on the bank of River Orchy, near the Inverlochy Castl

26、e , any frustration(烦恼) will float away as gently as the circling water. Its just you and purple, pink, white flowers, seeking a perfect harmony. If you are a new comer to fishing, learning the basic form a fishing guide may leave you with a lifetimes fun. For many, fishing is more than a sport; it

27、is an art.Scotland offers interesting place where you can rest after a long days fishing. And it is the single most important ingredient(原料) in Scotlands best known whisky.64. The story of Queen Victoria is to show that _.A. the queen is rich in tour experienceB. the Castle is a good place to go in

28、ScotlandC. tasting whisky is better than going fishingD.1873 is a special year for the queen65. How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed?A. By giving descriptions.B. By following time order.C. By analyzing causes.D. By making comparisons.B(2010年江西D) Modern inventions have speeded up peoples lives amazing

29、ly. Motor-cars cover a hundred miles in little more than an hour, aircraft cross the world inside a day, while computers operate at lightning speed. Indeed, this love of speed seems never-ending. Every year motor-cars are produced which go even faster and each new computer boasts (吹嘘) of saving prec

30、ious seconds in handling tasks.All this saves time, but at a price. When we lose or gain half a day in speeding across the world in an airplane, our bodies tell us so. We get the uncomfortable feeling known as jet-lag(飞行时差反应); our bodies feel that they have been left behind in another time zone. Aga

31、in, spending too long at computers results in painful wrists and fingers. Mobile phones also have their dangers, according to some scientist; too much use may transmit harmful radiation（辐射） into our brains, a consequence we do not like to think about.However, what do we do with the time we have save

32、d? Certainly not relax, or so it seems. We are so accustomed to（习惯于） constant activity that we find it difficult to sit and do nothing or even just one thing at a time. Perhaps the days are long gone when we might listen quietly to a story on the radio, letting imagination take us into another world

33、.There was a time when some peoples lives were devoted simply to the cultivation (耕种)of the land or the care of cattle. No more tasks there; their lives went on at a much gentler pace, and in a familiar pattern. There is much that we might envy about a way of life like this. Yet before we do so, we

34、must think of the hard tasks our ancestor faced: they farmed with bare hands, often lived close to hunger, and had to fashion tools from wood and stone. Modern machines has freed people from that primitive existence.68. The new products become more and more time-saving because_. .A. our love of spee

35、d seems never-ending B. time is limited.C. the prices are increasingly high. D. the manufactures boast a lot.69. what does “the days” in paragraph 3 refer to ?A. Imaginary life B. Simple life in the past.C. Times of inventions D. Time for constant activity.70. What is the authors attitude towards th

36、e modern technology?A. Critical B. Objective. C. Optimistic. D. Negative.71. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The present and past times. B. Machines and human beings.C. Imaginations and inventions. D. Modern technology and its influence.四.总结反思（3min）1. Do you know the six reading abilities re

37、quired in NMET?2.How can you deal with reading exercises effectively? Your strategies are_3.There are some problems to deal with_五. 课后练习 A（2012浙江卷A篇）Easter is still a great day for worship, randy in baskets and running around the yard finding eggs, but every year it gets quite a bit worse for bunnie

38、s.And no, not because the kids like to pull their ears. The culprit is climate change, and some researchers found that rising temperatures are having harmful effects on at least five species of rabbit in the US.Take the Lower Keys March rabbit, for instance. An endangered species that lives in the L

39、ower Florida Keys, this species of cottontail is a great swimmer it lives on the islands! but it is already severely affected by development and now by rising levels. According to the Center for Biological Diversity, an ocean level rise of only 0. 6 meters will send these guys jumping to higher grou

40、nd and a 0.9-meter rise would wipe out their habitat (栖息地) completely.The snowshoe hare, on the other hand, has a color issue. Most of these rabbits change their fur color from white in the wintertime to brown in the summer, each designed to give them better cover from predators（捕食者）. As the number

41、of days with snow decreases all across the country, however, more and more bunnies arc being left in white fur during brown dirt days of both fall and spring, making them an easier mark for predators. Researchers know that the color change is controlled by the number of hours of sunlight, but whethe

42、r the rabbit will be able to adapt quick enough to survive is a big question. The National Wildlife Federation has reported that hunters have noticed their numbers are already markedly down.American pikas or rock rabbits, a relative of rabbits and hares, might be the firts of these species to go ext

43、inct due to climate change. About 7-8 inches long, pikas live high in the cool, damp mountains west of the Rocky Mountains. As global temperatures rise, they would naturally migrate (迁徙) to higher ground but they already occupy the mountaintops. They cant go any higher. The National Wildlife Federat

44、ion reports that they might not be able to stand the new temperatures as their habitat beats up.The volcano rabbit has the same problem. These rabbits live on the slopes of volcanoes in Mexico, and recent studies have shown that the lower range of their habitat has already shifted upward about 700 m

45、eters, but there are not suitable plants for them to move higher, so they are stuck in the middle. Scientists are concerned about their populations.Native to the US, pygmy rabbits weigh less than 1 pound and live in the American West. They are believed to be the smallest rabbits in the world. Their

46、habitats have been destroyed by development. Several populations, such as the Columbia Basin pygmy, almost went extinct and were saved by zoo breeding programs. Pygmy rabbits also rely on winter cover by digging tunnels through the snow to escape predators, but lesser snowfall is leaving them expose

47、d.All of this gives new meaning to dressing up in a giant bunny costume this Easter. 41 The writer mentions Easter at the beginning of the passage in order to_.A. Show the importance of Easter DayB. Introduce the issue about bunniesC. Remind people of Easter traditions D. Discuss the relationship be

48、tween Easter and bunnies42. The word culprit ( Paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to_.A. CriminalB. JudgeC. VictimD. Producer43.According to the passage, some rabbits can now be easily Uncovered by predators because they_A. Are exposed lo more skillful huntersB. Have moved to habitats with fewer pla

49、ntsC. Havent adapted themselves to climate changeD.Cant change their fur color into white in the fall and the spring44.The problem faced by volcano rabbits and rock rabbits is that_.A. Both are affected by 1ess snowB. Both are affected by rising sea levelsC Neither can find enough food0. Neither can

50、 migrate to higher places45 Which best describes the writers tone in the postage?A. Approving.B. Concerned.C. Enthusiastic.D. Doubtful.B (2012全国新课标卷D）Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had

51、a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem t

52、hat begins Twinkle, twinkle, little star or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears. One explanation is the law of overlearning , which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials(尝试)increase the length of time we will remember it.I

53、n childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as Twinkle, twinkle, little star and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only l

54、earn but overlearn.The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表)are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.The law of overlearning explains why cramming(突击学习)for an examination, though it

55、may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for o

56、nes future development.67. What is the main idea of paragraph I?A. People remember well what they learned in childhood.B. Children have a better memory than grown-ups.C. Poem reading is a good way to learn words.D. Stories for children arc easy to remember.68. The author explains the law of overlear

57、ning by_.A. presenting research findingsB. selling down general rulesC. making a comparisonD. using examples69. According to the author, being able to use multiplication tables is_.A. a result of overlearningB. a special case of crammingC. a skill to deal with math problemsD. a basic step towards ad

58、vanced studies70. What does the word they in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. Commonly accepted rules.B. The multiplication tables.C. Things easily forgotten.D. School subjects.71. What is the authors opinion on cramming?A. It leads to failure in college exams.B. Its helpful only in a limited way.C. Its poss

59、ible to result in poor memory.D. It increases students learning interest. C (2010江西卷C)Kong zi, also called Confucius (551-479B.C.) , and Socrates (469-399 b. c) lived only a hundred years apart , and during their lifetimes there was no contact between China and Greece, but it is interesting to look

60、at how the world that each of these great philosophers came from shaped their ideas , and how these ideas in turn ,shaped their societies.Neither philosopher lived in times of peace, though there were more wars in Greece than in china. The Chinese states were very large and feudal, while the Greek c

61、ity-states were small and urban. The urban environment in which Socrates lived allowed him to be more radical(激进的) than Confucius. Unlike Confucius, Socrates was not asked by rulers how to govern effectively. Thus, Socrates was able to be more idealistic, focusing on issues likes freedom, and knowle

62、dge for its own sake. Confucius, on the other hand, advised those in government service, and many of his students went out to government service.Confucius suggested the golden rule as a principle for the conduct of life:” do not do to others what you would not want others to do to you.” he assumed t

63、hat all men were equal at birth, though some bad more potential than others, and that it was knowledge that set men apart. Socrates focused on the individual, and thought that the greatest purpose of man was to seek wisdom. like Confucius, he believed that the superior class should rule the inferior(下层的)classes。 For Socrates, the