初中英语宾语从句讲与练

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1、初中英语宾语从句讲与练宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。宾语从句三要素：连词、语序、时态。一、连词1.由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：I think (that) having enough sleep is good for you.I am sure (that) our team will win the match.He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.2.由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接

2、副词when, where, why, how，how many, how long等引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：He didnt tell me when he would come back.I am thinking about how I can deal with the matter.Do you know whose bike is the newest?Can you tell me who(whom) our teacher in taking with? with whom our teacher is talking?3.由if或

3、whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：I want to know if(whether) he lives there.Could you tell me if(whether) there will be a charity show this weekend？He asked if(whether) they had finished their work.*只用whether，不能用if的情况：1）whether可直接跟or not，if不能。如果分开，则都可以。Whether/ifor not如： Let me know whether or

4、 not you can come. Let me know whether/if you can come or not. 2）宾语从句前置时。如： Whether this is true, I cant say. 3） 引导主语、表语、同位语从句时，只能用whether，不能用if。如： Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather. （主语从句） The question is whether he can do it. （表语从句） The question whether we should go w

5、ith them must be decided at once. （同位语从句） 4）从句在介词之后作介词的宾语时，只能用whether，不能用if。如： They are talking about whether they will go out for a picnic.I havent come up with the idea of whether Ill go back home. 5）whether 可接动词不定式，if不能。如： Whether to go or stay is still a question.Do you know whether to go hiking

6、 this Saturday?6）在discuss, decide , doubt等动词后作宾语时，只能用whether，不能用if。如： We discussed whether we should go there by plane. 5）引导让步状语地，一般用whether。例如： Whether you like it or not, youll have to do it . Whether the weather is good or bad, they will set off as they planned.6）如果用if会引起歧义时，就只用whetherPlease tell

7、 me whether you know the answer.注意：1）在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether。如：HeaskedmeifIhadntfinishedmywork.2）当doubt是肯定形式时，用whether，如：I doubt whether its true.I often doubt whether/if it is worth working so hard.但是，当doubt是否定形式时，则不用whether或if，要改用that，因为句子本身已没有“怀疑”或“选择”之意。比较： I dont doubt that you are honest

8、.我不怀疑你的诚实。 She never doubt that she has done right.她对自己是正确的这一点从不怀疑。 二、宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：Can you tell me how I can get to the zoo?I wonder if she is going to a birthday party.Do you know whose model plane is flying the highest?三、宾语从句的时态1如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。如：I believe (that) you wi

9、ll get a high mark in the maths exam .Can you tell me when you visited the Great Wall?2如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.She didnt tell me if she would join in the charity walk.3如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理(事实)，

10、其时态常用一般现在时。例如：Our teacher said (that) January is the first month of the year.He said (that) light travels much faster than sound.宾语从句练习题一、选择。( )1. I wonder _ you would like to come to my birthday party. A. that B. whether C. that if D. that whether ( )2. I dont know _ the next day. A. when does he c

11、ome B. how did he come C. if he came D. whether hell come( )3. Do you know _ during the coming holiday? A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did ( )4. Could you tell me _ the radio without any help? A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he

12、mended ( )6. Do you know where _ now? A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived D. did he live( )7. He asked how long _ the computer. A. she has had B. she has bought C. she had had D. she had bought( )8. The teacher told us that the earth _ around the sun . A. go B. goes C. went D. gone ( )9. Do you

13、know if _ back next week? If he _ back, please let me know. A. he comes, will come B. will he come, comes C. he will come, comes D. will he come, will come ( )10. I dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, Ill tell you A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If( )11. She doesnt k

14、now _ to go or stay. A. if B. whether C. what D. that( )12 Tell me _ or not youd like to play football . A. if B. whether C. that D. when ( )13. The teacher told us that light _ much faster than sound. A. travels B. traveled C. would travel D. had traveled ( )14. Imworriedabout_theywillarriveontime.

15、A. when B. what C. if D. whether( )15. Ill never doubt _ our life will become better and better.A. whether B. if C. how D. why二、改写句子1. Does Mr. Brown enjoy living in China? Could you tell us?（合并句子） Could you tell us _ Mr. Brown _ living in China?2. Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.（合并句子） He

16、 asked me _the girl _ _ help.3. When does the train leave? I want to know.（合并句子） I want to know _ the train _.4. Where did you find the book? Could you tell me? (合并句子) Could you tell me _ _ _ the book?5. Who has left for Haikou? Nobody knew. (合并句子) Nobody knew _ _ _ _ Haikou.6. “Keep the door open .

17、”He said to me . (合并句子)He _ _ _ _ the door open. 7. “Dont play with fire.” I said to him. (合并句子) I _ _ _ _ with fire. 8. Can you tell me ? who will you go with ?( 合并句子) Can you tell me _ _ _ _ with ?9. I dont know what I should do next. （变为简单句） I dont know _ _ _ next. 10.We dont know if the problem

18、has been solved.（改为被动语态） _ 三、翻译：1. I want to know _.（他在听什么音乐）2. Could you tell me _（这工作能否按时完成）?3. Iwonder_（是否你会介意我们问）afewquestions?4.Hewantstoknow_ (运动会将什么时候举办)。5.Canyoutellme_ (我如何能到达最近的医院)?6.Hedidntknow_(接下来该做什么)。4.Marywantedtoknow_(为什么Jack上课迟到)。7.Shesaid_(如果明天不下雨，她就会来）。8.Theteachersaid_(地球围绕太阳转）。9.Ifind_(找到这个问题的答案很困难)。10. _(是否举行运动会)isnt known yet.11.据说我的家乡可能要修建一条高速铁路（high-speed rail）。 _ 12.我有时怀疑这本书是否值得一读。_ 13.我想象不出几百年后生活会是什么样。_ 14.你认为新火车站什么时候能建成?_