stepbystep3000第二册unit8答案

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1、Unit 8Part IA:1. G reenpeace / attitudes and behavior /environment / peace2.World Wildlife Foundation / 1961 / a future /nature3.L ive Earth / climate crisis4. G reen School Project / schools / waste /landfill5. C limate Change / knowledge / measures6.Friends of theEarth /network/activist groups/ ur

2、gent7.EnvironmentalBureau /143 /31/sustainable8.Foundation/ oceans,wavesandbeaches / 50,0009. G reen Building Council / designed, built andoperated / responsible, healthy10.the Alliance to Save Energy / costs /greenhouse gas emissions11. The Earth Organization / conservation /rehabilitation /plant a

3、nd animal12. Trees, Water &People / natural resources /well-being13.American Forests / restore and enhance /filter / remove / homes14. The Global Amphibian Assessment / status/ 5,918 / 600 / 6015. Solar Energy Society / technologiesB1.food / doesnt / packaging2.vegetables / dont/ chemicals 3.Save/ w

4、ater4.wont / forever / earth or sea5.bottles / once / bank6.paper / recycled /7.Avoid8.unleaded petrol9.made from / protected10. public transportation11. wood / rainforests12. aerosols / havent13. Dont / plastic boxes14. batteries / little / 50 / energy15. lights / using16. conversation / danger17.

5、25% / rubbish18. old people / homes / energy19. Visit / zoosPart II蝾螈/蚓螈A:1. the atmosphere / the climate/ irreversible2. everybodys life / activities /real simple / accessible /everyday people / do a lot3.one step / conscious about / energy/ fuel efficient / light bulbs / recyclingB:1.planting sing

6、le tree2.deflate Greenhouse Effect / takeCO23. r eal simple activities /accessible to people / citizens /do a lot4.clean up CO2 / improveenvironment / neighborhoodsattractive5. a variety of personal actionsCampaign California Re-Leaf as inL-E-A-F was kicked off recently with a party inSan Francisco

7、sWashington Square Parkthrown by a coalition of seven urban forestrygroups. The focus of the party was the planting ofa single tree, the first of 20 million to be planted in40 Californian cities over the next decade. Thetree planting campaign is an attempt to deflatewhats been called the Greenhouse

8、Effect.Scientists believe that the earth is getting warmerbecause of an acumulaiton fo carbon dioxide inthe air. Trees take carbon dioxide out of the air.Martin Rosen is the director of the Trust forPublic Land, the organization that is coordinatingthe state-wide tree planting effort.“Time is notneu

9、tral. We are so rapidly depleting theatmosphere, we are so rapidly changing theclimate, that unless we start now the situationmay well become irreversible.”Some movie stars were on hand for the treeplanting ceremony. Actor Peter Cyote served asthe master of ceremonies.“Unless theenvironmental moveme

10、nt comes into everybodys life, in real simple activities, its not going towork. Planting a tree is real simple. So I wantedto participate in something that was reallyaccessible to the citizen, just to everyday people,to children. So that as citizens we can do a lot”After Peter Cyote introduced a few

11、 speakersand a couple of songs were sung, the ceremonymoved over to a corner of the park where a groupyoungsters planted a Cooper Beech tree.Isobel Wade is the state coordinator forCampaign California Releaf. Wade says the treeplantings are important because they will helpclean up the carbon dioxide

12、 in the atmosphere,improve the environment and makeneighborhoods more attractive, but Isobel Wadecautions it isnt enough.“Its one step in acombination of things. The other kinds of thingsthat we can all be doing are being much moreconscious about how we use energy in our home,whether were buying - a

13、h -fuel efficient carsand products, whether were using Styrofoamwhen we dont have to be, -ah - whetherwere turning off light bulbs when we - ah-leave the room - um - and just a variety ofpersonal actions like recycling that we need tostart thinking about and doing more.”Isobel Wade also says shed lo

14、ve to seeeveryone in Californias urban areas take thetime to plant one tree and take care of the onesthat are already growing.Part IIIIheadacheNot easily break downII. PBSA: contact / microorganisms /enzymes /smaller pieces / into water&CO2B1. safer90% / degraded / in 90 days / shorter /in a dump2.

15、more heat resistanta.melt at 60 centigrade( Celsius)b.shape retained up to 100 centigradeC: disadvantageMore expensive than ordinary plastic /price 20% higher III Application A:already started B: To be popularized C:rolePlastic food containers & tableware /road signs / team cheering equipment(e.g. h

16、orns / mini flags / trash bags /umbrellas / eyeglass frames)原文：When you go to the supermarket, can youresist using plastic bags? For lot of us, probablywont. what you eat out? Can you guarantee notto use any plastic tableware? And how about ifsomeone asks you: can you recommend areplacement for plas

17、tic products? Dont saypaper! Here is a new solution: biodegradableplastic!As everyone knows, plastic is a bigenvironmental headache although it brings usmuch convenience. Like plastic bags, plastic foodcontainers, and plastic tableware. But it isperhaps the most harmful of all our garbagebecause it

18、does not easily break down in nature.A researcher from the California Academy ofSciences, Ji Junhui, says he and his colleagueshave found a better solution.“When the PBS in the biodegradable plasticcomes in contact with microorganisms orenzymes, the plastic structure will degrade intosmaller pieces,

19、 and finally it turns into water andcarbon dioxide. This is how the break-downprocess works.”PBS is a chemical component that is the key tothis new biodegradable plastic. It can help theplastic degrade into non-pollutingAccording to Ji Junhui, testing has shown thatelements,sothebroken-downplasticfr

20、agmentscan beabsorbedbysoil andwater.PBS isnotanentirelynewproduct,however, thisChina-madebiodegradableplastic is safer and moreheat-resistant.90% of this new biodegradable plastic can bedegraded within 90 days. And it even takes ashorter period of time if it is buried in a dumprather than exposed t

21、o the air.Usually, biodegradable plastic food containersmade in other countries will met when thetemperature reaches 60 degrees Celsius, whilethe Chinese product can retain its shape in up to100 degrees.However, Ji Junhui says high-tech productsoften come at a higher price.“PBS product is a bit more

22、 expensive thanordinary plastic. Taking a plastic bowl as anexample, the PBS bowl can be 20% moreexpensive than the current plastic bowl weuse.”Some hotels and restaurants in Shanghaihave already started using the new PBSbiodegradable plastic food containers, and theproduct will be popularized in Be

23、ijing as well as inother big cities.It will play a role in the 2008 Olympic Games.Besides in the production of plastic foodcontainers and tableware for the Games, PBSbiodegradable plastic will also be used to makeroad signs, team cheering equipment like hornsand mini flags, as well as trash bags, um

24、brellasand eyeglass frames.Probably in the near future, we will really beable to say“farewell”to plastic pollution.Part IVCharacteristics, its structure, the logical orderInverted pyramid / the news lead / condensedform / further informationSum up / either inside or outside / comments,remarks, attitudes, analysisSome breakthroughs / update / vocabulary /hinders our understanding / enhance our ability /frequently appear/ carefully studied/ theexperiment reports / subjects / findings or results/ the latest developments