语法题好Part6

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1、 Grammar Part 6 “介词介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 基础练习基础练习 在句中填入适当的介词。在句中填入适当的介词。 1. We discussed many problems _ the meeting yesterday. at 语法热身练语法热身练 2. Peter was very grateful _ Simons help. 3. I paid 5000 yuan _ the computer. 4. Man cant live _ air. for for without 5. The Peoples Republic of China

2、was founded _October 1st, 1949. 6. The Peoples Republic of China was founded _1949. 7. Hangzhou is famous _ the West Lake. on in for 8. 刚才那名男子与那个女孩谈话了。刚才那名男子与那个女孩谈话了。 The man talked _ the girl just now. 9. 刚才那名男子谈到了那个女孩。刚才那名男子谈到了那个女孩。 The man talked _ the girl just now. with about 10. The clever boy

3、 could see what was happening inside the house _ a hole in the wall. 这些介词的搭配这些介词的搭配, 是我们学习“介是我们学习“介词词+which/whom引导的定语从句”的引导的定语从句”的基础基础, 只有熟练掌握只有熟练掌握, 才能在含有定语才能在含有定语从句的复合句中正确选用介词。从句的复合句中正确选用介词。 through 熟读深思熟读深思仔细阅读下列句子仔细阅读下列句子, 归归纳介词选用的方法纳介词选用的方法。 1. Yesterday we had a meeting at which we discussed m

4、any problems. (表示“在会议上”表示“在会议上”, 为为at the meeting, 本句根据介词与先行词的本句根据介词与先行词的搭配来确定介词。搭配来确定介词。) 一、介词的使用一、介词的使用 2. Simon helped Peter repair his guitar, for which he was very grateful.(表示“对某事感激”，为表示“对某事感激”，为be grateful for sth.本句根据与从句本句根据与从句中谓语部分形容词的搭配来选用介中谓语部分形容词的搭配来选用介词词) 3. The computer for which I pai

5、d 5000 yuan is made in Shenzhen. (表示“付表示“付款”，为款”，为pay for， 本句主要考虑介词本句主要考虑介词与从句谓语动词的搭配与从句谓语动词的搭配) 4. Air, without which man cant live, is really important. (本句既要考虑介词与本句既要考虑介词与谓语部分的搭配谓语部分的搭配, 又考虑与先行词的搭又考虑与先行词的搭配配, 从句可还原为从句可还原为Man cant live without air) “介词介词 + 关系代词”中的介词主关系代词”中的介词主要有以下三种确定方法：要有以下三种确定方法

6、： 1. 向前看向前看 根据先行词来确定介词。根据先行词来确定介词。 October 1st, 1949 is the day on which the Peoples Republic of China was founded. 1949年年10月月1日是中华人民日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。共和国成立的日子。(on the day) 用法归纳用法归纳 1949 is the year in which the Peoples Republic of China was founded. 1949年是年是中华人民共和国成立的年份。中华人民共和国成立的年份。(in the year) 2. 向

7、后看向后看 根据定语从句中的谓语动词根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词来选用介词。如：或形容词来选用介词。如： The West Lake, for which Hangzhou is famous, is a beautiful place. (be famous for) 3. 前后看前后看 根据定语从句所表达的意义根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定介词来确定介词, 既要考虑介词与谓语部分的既要考虑介词与谓语部分的搭配搭配,又要考虑与先行词的搭配。如又要考虑与先行词的搭配。如： Do you know the girl with whom the man talked just now?你认识刚

8、才跟那你认识刚才跟那名男子谈话的女孩吗名男子谈话的女孩吗？(talk with与与交谈交谈) Do you know the girl about whom the man talked just now?你认识那名男子刚你认识那名男子刚才谈到的女孩吗？才谈到的女孩吗？(talk about 谈论谈论) The clever boy made a hole in the wall， through which he could see what was happening inside the house. 那个聪明的那个聪明的男孩在墙上凿了个洞男孩在墙上凿了个洞, 通过那个洞可以看通过那个洞

9、可以看到屋内正在发生的一切。到屋内正在发生的一切。 1. This is the boy (whom/who/that) I played tennis with yesterday. This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday.这就是昨天同我打网这就是昨天同我打网球的那个男孩。球的那个男孩。 二、介词的位置二、介词的位置 熟读深思熟读深思 2. She has a little daughter, who/ whom is looked after by her grandma.她有一个妹妹，这个妹妹由她奶奶照她有一个妹妹，这个妹妹

10、由她奶奶照管。管。 (正正) She has a little daughter, after whom is looked by her grandma.(误误) 1. 介词一般放在关系代词介词一般放在关系代词which或或whom之前之前, 但也可以放在从句原来的位置上。但也可以放在从句原来的位置上。 The house in which we put our tools is going to be rebuilt. =the house (which/that) we put our tools in is going to be rebuilt.我们放工具的那我们放工具的那座房子将要

11、重建。座房子将要重建。 用法归纳用法归纳 2. 如果定语从句的动词与介词构成不可如果定语从句的动词与介词构成不可分割的固定搭配时分割的固定搭配时, 一般不宜将介词与一般不宜将介词与动词分开，即介词不能放到关系代词之动词分开，即介词不能放到关系代词之前。此类短语有：前。此类短语有：care for(喜欢喜欢), deal with(处理，对付处理，对付), get through(完成完成), hear from (收到收到的来信的来信), listen to, look after, take care of, look for, look into, take off, be used to

12、 (习惯于习惯于), make use of, take part in, depend on, 等。等。 The magazine which /that you are looking for is on the bed.你正在找你正在找的那份杂志在床上。的那份杂志在床上。(look for一般一般不能拆开不能拆开) 1. 当先行词是物时当先行词是物时, 介词后用关系代词介词后用关系代词which, 即“介词即“介词+which”.当先行词是人时当先行词是人时, 用关系代词用关系代词whom, 即“介词即“介词+whom”. 如：如： This is the hero of whom we

13、 are proud.这这是我们引以自豪的英雄。是我们引以自豪的英雄。 This is the pen with which I wrote the letter. 这是我用来写信的钢笔。这是我用来写信的钢笔。 三、三、 关系词的选用与省略关系词的选用与省略 2. 介词后的关系代词不能省略介词后的关系代词不能省略, 也不能用也不能用that, who来替换来替换which, whom等。但当介等。但当介词不置于关系代词之前词不置于关系代词之前, 而在定语从句的而在定语从句的末尾时末尾时, 可用可用that/which指物指物, that/whom /who指人指人, 此时关系代词往往可以省略。

14、此时关系代词往往可以省略。 This is the hero (that/who/whom) we are proud of.这是我们引以自豪的英雄。这是我们引以自豪的英雄。 This is the pen that/which I wrote the letter with.这是我用来写信的钢笔这是我用来写信的钢笔 3. 某些表示时间、地点、原因状语某些表示时间、地点、原因状语的“介词的“介词+which”结构可以同关系副结构可以同关系副词词when, where, why等互换。等互换。 This is the house where(=in which) I lived two year

15、s ago. 这是我两年前住这是我两年前住过的房子。过的房子。 I will remember the day forever when (=on which) I won the first place in the contest.我将永远记住我在竞赛中我将永远记住我在竞赛中获得第一名的那一天。获得第一名的那一天。 This is the reason why (= for which) he was refused. 这是他被拒绝的原因。这是他被拒绝的原因。 4. whose可以转换为“可以转换为“of+关系代词”关系代词”, 如：如： They live in a house, who

16、se door (=of which the door/the door of which) opens to the south. 5. that不引导非限定性定语从句不引导非限定性定语从句, 也不置于也不置于介词后。介词后。 提示：提示：what不是定语从句的引导词。不是定语从句的引导词。 二、连接句子二、连接句子 用“介词用“介词+which/ whom”将将a, b 两个句子连接起来。两个句子连接起来。 1. a. The woman is from the USA. b. I work for her. The woman for whom I work is from the US

17、A. 2. a. Alice likes the family. b. She is living with them. Alice likes the family with whom she is living. 3. a. The person never answers me. b. I sent him an e-mail. The person to whom I sent an e-mail never answers me. 4. a. That is the girl. b. You lent your bike to her. That is the girl to who

18、m you lent your bike. 5. a. I have never heard of the singer. b. My son talks about the singer. I have never heard of the singer about whom my son talks. 二、用二、用“介词介词 + + 关系代词关系代词” 填空填空 1. The factory _ I work is a large one. 2. This is the reason _ he was put in prison. 3. China has a lot of islands

19、, _ is Taiwan. among which in which for which 4. The man, _ I learned the news, is an engineer. 5. He was educated at the local high school, _ he went on to Beijing University. 6. Theres no man _ he can turn for help. to whom from whom after which 7. He bought many books _ he spent almost all his mo

20、ney. 8. The speed _ light travels is about 300, 000 km per second. at which on which 9. His brother, _ I went to the zoo, took many pictures there. 10. The document _ they were searching has been recovered. for which with whom 11. Mathematics is the subject _ I am most interested. 12. This is the qu

21、estion _ we have had a discussion. 13. Is that the girl _ you lent your bicycle? to whom in which about which 三、对比练习三、对比练习 比较下列各句比较下列各句, 用适当用适当的关系代词、关系副词或“介词的关系代词、关系副词或“介词+ which/whom”填空填空(每空一词每空一词)。 1. This is the museum _ my mother worked 10 years ago. This is the museum _ was built in 1950. where

22、/in which which/that 2. July 1, 1921 was the day _ our party was founded. July 1, 1921 was the day _ we will not forget. 3. I remember the days _ I lived in my home town. I remember the days _ I spent with my grandpa. when/on which which/that/不填不填 when/in which which/that/不填不填 4. The house _ they we

23、re living was built a century ago. The house _ used to be a temple is a school now. 5. A bookstore is a place _ you can get books. A bookstore is a place _ sells books. where/in which which/that where/at which which/that 6. I cant find the card _ I wrote your address. I cant find the card _ I wrote

24、your address. 7. The box _ he put his photos is gone. The box _ he is carrying is heavy. where/on which which/that where/in which which/that/不填不填 8. The hotel _ we stayed during our holiday stands by the seaside. The hotel _ stands by the seaside is quite comfortable. which/that where/in which 五、语法填

25、空五、语法填空 Emmanuel Jal is an African hip-hop artist. He has become a well known activist and 1 _(music) around the world. Jal believes he survived violence 2 _ (spread) a message of peace and forgiveness. 1. 音乐家。音乐家。 2. 动词不定式作目的状语。句意：他认为自己从动词不定式作目的状语。句意：他认为自己从战争中幸存下来战争中幸存下来, 是为了传达和平与谅解的信息。是为了传达和平与谅解的信

26、息。 musician to spread At the age of six or seven years old, Emmanuel became a soldier for the Sudan Peoples Liberation Army. He 3 _(make) to carry a gun that was taller than he. For almost five years he fought in wars in Ethiopia and Sudan. 3. 因是“被迫使”因是“被迫使”, 用被动语态。用被动语态。 was made A British aid work

27、er, Emma McCune, 4 _ (rescue) him and took him to Nairobi, Kenya. She legally made him 5 _ son. But Mizz McCune died soon after in an automobile accident. 4. 与与took为并列谓语为并列谓语, 均用一般过去时。均用一般过去时。 5. 物主代词物主代词, 指“指“Emma McCune的”。的”。 rescued her To help him recover from 6 _ he experienced when he was a ch

28、ild, Emmanuel Jal began singing and fell in love with hip-hop. He believed the music was 7 _easy and effective way to spread his message. 6. 引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语, 意为意为“的事情”。的事情”。 7. 音乐是一种简单而有效的传递信息方式。音乐是一种简单而有效的传递信息方式。表示“一”，用不定冠词。表示“一”，用不定冠词。 what an His first CD was “Gua, ” 8 _ means “peace

29、” in the Nuer language of Sudan. The CD made him famous. His second album, “War Child, ” is about his experiences 9 _ a child soldier in Sudan, how he changed and how he wants to make a difference. 8. 引导非限定性定语从句并在从句中引导非限定性定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词为“作主语，先行词为“Gua”。 9. 表示“作为（一名表示“作为（一名 ）”。）”。 as which Emmanuel Jal started an aid organization called Gua Africa, 10 _which he performs around the world to raise money. 10. 介词，意为“为”。介词，意为“为”。 for