新视野大学英语读写教程（第二版）第二册Unit 5 Section BStop Spoiling Your Children

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1、25 Understanding Figurative Language Understanding Figurative Language Skill Practice Skill Practice25 To make language clearer, more interesting, and more striking, we use expressions which are not literally true. We make comparisons in speaking and writing. Figurative languagelanguage that compare

2、spaints a picture for the reader.Reading Skills25Reading SkillsI. Different Types of Figurative LanguageI. Different Types of Figurative Language Similes (明喻, 直喻) Metaphors (暗喻) Personification (拟人)25Reading SkillsComparative words often used in similes:likeas(as) as As , so may as well as as if as

3、though resemble be similar to compare to treat as regard as consider/serve as remind ofSimilesSimiles25Reading Skills Her eyes sparkled like small blue circle of ice. Beauty is as summer fruits, which are easy to corrupt and cannot last. His explanation is as clear as crystal.Examples25Reading Skill

4、sMetaphorsMetaphorsExamples Her eyes were small blue circle of ice. He gives a crystal explanation.25PersonificationPersonificationExamplesExamplesEdelweiss, edelweiss, Every morning you greet me.Small and white,Clean and bright,You look happy to meet me.Reading Skills251. The sky above our heads wa

5、s inky black.2. You might as well expect the sun to rise in the west as hope to move me.3. The young moon lies on her back tonight as a quiet virgin.II. Skill PracticeII. Skill PracticeIdentify the types of the figurative language used in the following sentences and translate them into Chinese.(simi

6、le)(metaphor)(similes & personification)1.我们头顶的天如墨汁般漆黑。2.你不能动摇我的决心，正如你不能指望太阳 从西边出来一样。3.今晚的新月倚背于夜空中，宛如一位安静的少 女。Reading Skills254. All big ships are now driven by engines of some kind, and usually by steam engines or oil engines. These turn the propeller, which is in the water at the back of the ship.

7、 It is in the form of a screw. When it turns, it pushes the ship forward as a wood-screw goes into a piece of wood when it is turned. smiles metaphorsReading Skills25 UnderstandingUnderstanding25Read the text carefully and complete the following comprehension exercises.Text Study25Para. 121. Where d

8、id the writer stay overnight while traveling for speaking appointments?homes; assigned to Text StudyTipsTips252. Is it true that the effects of giving children too many toys and clothes is very harmful to them?not true, somewhat Para. 12Text StudyTipsTips25Para. 363. Why do some patents feel guilty?

9、 What comes out of their sense of guilt?hold down full-time jobs; away from; compensate; material possessionsText StudyTipsTips25A. They want their children to have things they once had.B. They want their children to have things they didnt get.C. They want their children to make fun of other childre

10、n without the same toys.D. They want their children to feel loved.E. They are in a dilemma of to give or not to give.4. Tick the reasons mentioned in the text for some parents giving too much. Para. 36Text Study25Harmful effects of spoiling children with material things. 1. Children may become , sel

11、fish, ungrateful and to the and feelings of others.2. childrens respect for their parents.3. Spoiled children are less in their play for they have fewer in meeting their demands.greedyinsensitiveneedsUnderminescreativechallenges / difficultiesPara. 78Fill in the missing key wordsText Study25determin

12、e, submit, guiltyfirm decisions practice prompt, definite mannergradual improvementrespond immediately Para. 911Retell the Authors Advice for ParentsText StudyTipsTips251. Try to determine what makes them submit or feel guilty.2. Begin to make firm decisions in and practice responding to your childr

13、ens requests in a prompt, definite manner.3. Be satisfied with gradual improvement.4. Dont expect your children to respond immediately.(For reference)Text Study25 Focus StudyFocus Study Active ExpressionsActive Expressions25 1.In it, I often find so many toys that theres almost no roomeven for my sm

14、all lavatory or toilet kit. 2. I think in far too many families not only do children come to take their parents generosity for granted, . 3. parents spoiled their children out of a sense of guilty. Find out the active expressions in the following:Find out the active expressions in the following:Note

15、s to the TextActive Expressions254. by showering them with material possessions.5. along with those things they pined for but didnt get. 6. when parents are unable to stand up to their childrens unreasonable demands. 7. they immediately feel a wave of regret Notes to the TextActive Expressions25Note

16、s to the TextActive Expressionsroom far (+ adj./adv.)out of sth.shower sb. with sth. along withstand up toa wave of extent of space available much because of sth. give sth. to sb. in large amounts together with meet or face bravely a sudden surge or rushPractice251. 后面的座位能坐坐三个人。2. 我实在太太忙，抽不出时间见他。3.

17、我听讲座是出于出于兴趣。4. 人们向新来的人提了很多问题提了很多问题。5. 谁愿意和我一起一起去桂林?6. 你明知自己是对的，为什么不敢当面当面和你的老板说说呢？7. 一看到她我就感到一阵一阵狂喜。TranslationTranslationNotes to the TextActive Expressions251. Theres room for three on the back seat.2. Im far, far too busy to see him.3. I attended the lecture out of interest.4. The new arrival was

18、showered with questions.5. Who will go along with me to Guilin?6. Why dont you stand up to your boss when you know youre right?7. I felt a wave of joy upon seeing her.Notes to the TextActive Expressions25to treat with careless indifference1. take their parents generosity for granted. Notes to the Te

19、xtFocus Studytake for granted = to assume without question25Notes to the TextFocus Study Do not take his help for granted. Youll regret it if you take your parents love for granted.e.g.e.g.25take for granted take it for granted that He just takes it for granted that the home is clean.Notes to the Te

20、xtFocus Studye.g.e.g.252. Still others are afraid to say no to their childrens endless requests for toys for fear . Notes to the TextFocus Studyfor fear that = because of the fear that, in case; because of anxiety thatPractice25Notes to the TextFocus Study1. 关好窗子以防下雨。2. 我怕自己会忘记，所以把你的地址记在笔记本。3. 我们悄声说

21、话，惟恐吵醒了警卫们。 1. Shut the windows for fear that it may rain. 2. I wrote your address down in the notebook for fear that I might forget it. 3. We spoke in whispers for fear that we might wake the guards.TranslationTranslationKeyKey25 Chinese to English Chinese to English Word Using Word Using Old to Ne

22、w Old to New25 Words and ExpressionsOld to Newfor the night;suddenlyonly justto some degreechange continuallychangeablea small mistakeremove the cover fromfinally; at lastbe certain to do sth. overnight barely somewhat fluctuate variable slip uncover in the end be bound to do sth.25 Chinese to Engli

23、sh Chinese to EnglishWords and ExpressionsC to E盥洗用品备置充分的急救用品一套滑雪用具提出新颖的论点上升趋势认为理所当然出于同情而帮助某人 a lavatory/toilet kit a well-stocked first aid kit a skiing kit make an original point an increasing tendency take for granted help sb. out of pity25保住他的工作全日制学生兼职工作以防，惟恐嘲笑，取笑一阵气愤遗传变异性 hold down his job a fu

24、ll-time student a part-time job for fear that make fun of a wave of anger genetic variabilityWords and ExpressionsC to E25 KeyKeyWords and ExpressionsWord Using1. spoil 那独生女孩被宠坏了父母对她是有求必应。That only girl is terribly spoiled her parents give her everything she asks for.vt. harm the character of (esp.

25、a child)251. spoil vt. make sth useless,valueless or unsatisfactory; ruin KeyKeyThe new road has completely spoiled the character of the village.新修的路彻底毁掉了那个村庄。Words and ExpressionsWord Using251. spoilKeyKey如果你不把蛋糕放进冰箱，它就会变质。If you dont keep it in the fridge, the cake will spoil.Words and Expressions

26、Word Usingvi. (of food, etc) become bad or unfit to be used, eaten, etc.25KeyKey老师给我们每个人都分配了假日的任务。The teacher has assigned a holiday task to each of us.2. assign Words and ExpressionsWord Usingvt. sth to sb: give sth to sb as a share of work to be done or of things to be used252. assign vt. sb to (d

27、o) sth: name sb for task or position; appoint sbKeyKey其中的一个成员被指定作记录。One of the members was assigned to take the minutes.Words and ExpressionsWord Using25KeyKey我们把每周例会定在星期四好吗？Shall we assign Thursdays for our weekly meetings?2. assign vt. name or fix ( a time, place, reason, etc for sth)Words and Exp

28、ressionsWord Using25KeyKey1. Prices show a tendency to increase.2. He has a tendency to be late for appointments.1. 物价呈上升的趋势。2. 他赴约总是迟到。3. tendency n. dsth that a person or thing does; a way of behaving 倾向；趋向；行事方式Words and ExpressionsWord Using25KeyKey协会为参加会议的人提供食宿。4. accommodation n. (pl.) lodging;

29、 room(s) and food 住宿；膳宿The society provided accommodations for the meeting.Words and ExpressionsWord Using25KeyKeyThe two sides failed to agree on every point but came to an accommodation.双方并非在每一点上意见都一致，但已达成和解。4. accommodation n. convenient arrangement; compromise 和解，调解Words and ExpressionsWord Usin

30、g255. sour v. make or become unfriendly or unfavorable Words and ExpressionsWord UsingKeyKeyMany friendships have soured over borrowed money.许多友谊都是因为金钱的借还而恶化的。255. sour v. make have or have an unpleasant taste or smell KeyKey1. 炎热的天气使牛奶变酸了。2. 奶油在热天会变酸。1. The hot weather soured the milk.2. The scream

31、 sours in hot weather.Words and ExpressionsWord Using25 6. contradiction n. a statement, action, or fact that is opposite in nature or in character to another one disagreementKeyKey1. It is a contradiction to say you know him but hes a stranger .2. She will permit no contradiction.1. 你说认识他，又说他是个陌生人，

32、这是自相矛盾。2. 她容不得任何不同意见。Words and ExpressionsWord Using257. on demand whenever asked for KeyKey1. Passengers must show their tickets on demand. 2. This will be paid on demand. 1. 查票时旅客须出示车票。2. 索款即付。Words and ExpressionsWord Using258. submit vi. (to sb/sth): accept the control, superior strength, etc (o

33、f sb/sth); yieldsubmit to discipline遵守纪律遵守纪律submit to superior force慑服于优势兵力慑服于优势兵力e.g.e.g.Words and ExpressionsWord Using258. submit vt. sth (to sb/sth): give sth (to sb/sth) so that it may be considered, decided on, etc KeyKey你必须在1月1日之前提交申请书。You must submit your application before January 1st.Words

34、 and ExpressionsWord Using259. prompt adj. done or acting without delay prompt goods 须当场付款的商品须当场付款的商品e.g.e.g.KeyKey他总是迅速回复来信。He is always prompt in answering letters.Words and ExpressionsWord Using259. prompt vt. cause or encourage sb. to do sth. vt. to help sb. to continue speaking; to remind an ac

35、tor/actress of his/her wordsKeyKey1. 是什么驱使你放弃这个工作呢? 2. We need somebody to prompt at the performance tonight.1. What prompted you to give up your job?2. 今晚的表演我们需要有人提示台词。Words and ExpressionsWord Using259. prompt n. action of prompting KeyKeyFollow the on-screen prompt to request and complete your up

36、date. 按照屏幕提示所要求的步骤完成升级。Words and ExpressionsWord Using259. prompt n. action of prompting Words and ExpressionsWord Using2510. slip n. a small mistake (caused by carelessness or lack of attention) KeyKeyOne slip and you could lose the game. 只要稍有闪失，你就会输掉比赛。Words and ExpressionsWord Using2510. slip n.

37、a small piece of paperKeyKey1. Heres the deposit slip.2. Heres the number slip.1. 这是存款单。2. 这是号码牌。Words and ExpressionsWord Using2510. slip vi. lose ones balance and fall vi. go somewhere quietly and quickly in order not to be noticed KeyKey1. Errors will slip in.2. Dont slip on the floor. Ive just washed it.1. 错误总会悄悄溜进来。2. 小心不要滑倒了，我刚擦过地板。Words and ExpressionsWord Using25 DebateDebate25Topic:Idea SharingCollege students should/should nottake part-time jobs.25To TaskTo HorizonThe End of Section B