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1、罗斯福英文简介富兰克林德拉诺罗斯福简介Franklin D. Roosevelt (English: Franklin D.Roosevelt, January 30, 1882 - April 12, 1945), known as “Little Roosevelt”, is the 32nd president of the United States, the only re-election in the history of the United States more than The president of the two (re-elected four, died in

2、his fourth term), the longest president of the United States to date. Roosevelt family in the United States about 300 years of history, the 26th president of the United States Theodore Roosevelt is Franklin Roosevelts uncle.During the Great Depression of the 1930s, Roosevelt pursued the New Deal to

3、provide unemployment and recovery in the economy and set up numerous institutions to reform the economy and the banking system, rescued the United States from the abyss of the economic crisis, and some of the programs he initiated continued in the country Plays an important role. In addition, some o

4、f the systems established within its term remain so far. Roosevelt has led to the reorganization of the party, he and his wife Eleanor Roosevelt is still a model of modern American liberalism.Roosevelt was one of the key leaders of the Allies c during the Second World War. After the Pearl Harbor inc

5、ident in 1941, Roosevelt advocated war on Japan and introduced price controls and rations. Roosevelt to lease the bill to the United States into a “democratic country arsenal”, so that the United States as the main arms of the major arms suppliers and financing, but also makes the US domestic indust

6、ry a substantial expansion, to achieve full employment. After the late Allied forces gradually reversed the situation, Roosevelt played a key role in shaping the postwar world order, and its influence was particularly evident in the Yalta meeting and the establishment of the United Nations. Later, w

7、ith the assistance of the United States, the Allies defeated Germany, Italy and Japan.Roosevelt has repeatedly been rated as the United States the best president of the United States authoritative journal “Atlantic Monthly” as the impact of the United States 100 characters fourth.富兰克林德拉诺罗斯福人物生平Early

8、 lifeFranklin Delano Roosevelt was born in New York on January 30, 1882. His father, James Roosevelt, is an active figure in the diplomatic and business world. His mother, Sarah Delano, is a beautiful woman who has been educated and educated. James Bissar is 26 years old. After the mothers enlighten

9、ment education, Roosevelt studied Latin, French, German, calligraphy, arithmetic and European history with tutors. Roosevelt 5 years old to follow his father to see the then president of Cleveland, the President gave him a strange wish: “pray that God will never let you the president of the United S

10、tates.” But he has bee the history of the longest ruling president, but also One of the most prestigious presidents.In 1896, Roosevelt was sent to cultivate political figures as the goal of the Groton school, began to adapt to the new environment. He has a lot of reading, knowledgeable, gentle, lovi

11、ng sports, good at tennis, golf, hiking and sailing. At that time, Groton school football popular football, he took the initiative to organize the cheerleaders, when the administrator. He is good at arguing, a member of the “Debate Society” who excelled in his high school at Grotton, giving the impr

12、ession that he was able to strengthen his position with a pleasing way so that Rexford Tegwell The practice of dealing with difficult problems in Groton became the pattern of his behavior in subsequent similar situations. After graduating from Groton College, he once wanted to enter the Annapolis Na

13、val Academy, hoping that he would be a naval officer in the future. But the old father resolutely opposed.In 1900, Roosevelt entered Harvard University, studying political science, history and journalism. This year, his 72-year-old father died, leaving $ 120,000 in deposits, his mother inherited fro

14、m the grandfathers $ 1.3 million heritage, the University of Roosevelt is very keen on social activities, academic performance is not prominent, the number Travel to Europe, like ball activities. In Harvard he became a good assistant to the journal “Crimson”. He made use of the influence of the reig

15、n of Theodore Roosevelt, where he served as the governor of New York, who came to Harvard to speak, and the press absorbed him as an assistant, and at that time Roosevelt was a partner of McKinley and the Democratic Party Brian ran for president. He will take the initiative to visit the principal, E

16、lliott principals met with the first year of the new students. Roosevelts offensive principal said: “If your vote represents your faith, you should be happy to put your influence on the balance.” Elliot answered his question. Not only in the “crimson newspaper” published Franklin exclusive news, the

17、 United States has also been reproduced in other major newspapers. So that when Roosevelt graduated soon, promoted to the editor of the newspaper. In order to maintain his reputation, he studied at Harvard University for a year.In 1904, Roosevelt entered the Columbia University School of Law. In Mar

18、ch 1905, married to Eleanor (President Theodore Roosevelts niece). The president personally attended the wedding ceremony, making the wedding very solemn, but Franklin found that most people are from the president, which inspired his determination in politics. In 1907, Roosevelt graduated from the l

19、aw school, into the law firm as a lawyer. At that time, he also for the famous overseas Chinese leader, the founder of the Chinese party to the founder of the Stuart Church in New York set up the “Anliang Tong” when the legal adviser for 10 years.Get involved in politicsIn 1910, Franklin Roosevelt b

20、egan to get involved in politics as a Democrat. When he told the decision as a Republican president of the uncle, the other side of anger and cursed: “You despicable little bastard! You traitor . .” But Franklin Roosevelt did not change the direction of the forward. He was riding a red car, more tha

21、n 10 times a day speech, and finally lucky elected New York senator.In 1913, President Wilson appointed him as the assistant minister of the Navy, where he was outstanding for seven years, advocating the construction of a “strong and capable naval force”, and Franklin Roosevelt established the influ

22、ence throughout his life in the Navy. In 1919, Franklin Roosevelt ran for Wilsons League of Nations, which led to the failure of the Vice-President of the caign in 1920. Although the caign failed, but his light as a political star has not cut. Since then, Roosevelt has served as vice chairman of the

23、 Maryland Credit and Savings pany, while re-operating the division. In addition, Franklin Roosevelt is also engaged in a variety of business adventure activities.In August 1921, Franklin Roosevelt took the family in Co Belo Island vacation, after extinguishing a forest fire, he jumped into the cold

24、sea water, so suffering from poliomyelitis. High fever, numbness, and lifelong disability, did not make Franklin Roosevelt give up the ideal and faith, he has been unremittingly exercise, trying to restore walking and standing ability, he used to treat the Georgia Spa was everyone called “ Laughter

25、earth place ”. During the rehabilitations, Franklin Roosevelt read books in great numbers, with many biographies and historical writings, but few economic or philosophical works.Franklin Roosevelts diplomatic thought stems from his most admired two presidents. His faraway Church, Theodore Roosevelt,

26、 taught him how to defend the national interests and achieve checks and balances of power. Woodrow Wilson taught him that the international order was based on the mon maintenance of peace.In 1928, with the understanding and support of Mrs. Roosevelt, Roosevelt returned to politics and took part in t

27、he governors caign and won the governor of New York in 1929 (he was re-elected in 1930). New York can be said to be a place where Roosevelt fosters political activities and the ability to manage state affairs.Overe the crisisMain entry: Great Depression, Roosevelt New DealThe presidential caign in 1

28、932 was conducted in the context of a serious financial crisis. November 1932 as a Democratic presidential candidate to participate in the election, put forward the implementation of the “New Deal” and the revitalization of the economy program. Political opponents often use his disability to attack

29、him, this is Franklin Roosevelt have to fight with things for life, but he always with excellent performance, excellent eloquence and plenty of energy to bee an advantage. The first time he went to the caign, he told the people: “A governor is not necessarily an acrobat, and we have not chosen him b

30、ecause he can roll it forward or roll it, and he is working hard for the benefit of the people. Relying on such perseverance and optimism, Roosevelt finally defeated Hoover in 1933 as an absolute advantage to bee president of the United States.In Franklin Roosevelts first president, at the beginning

31、 of 1933, when the storm of the Great Depression swept across the United States, it was full of unemployment, bankruptcy, collapse, and collapse, and the pain, fear and despair of the United States. Franklin Roosevelt showed an overriding self-confidence that he gave a passionate speech at the time

32、of his swearing to tell people that the only thing we fear is fear itself. In the cold afternoon of March 4, 1933, the new presidents determination and relaxed optimism, ”ignited the new spirit of the nations heart and soul.“ And put forward a policy objective aimed at achieving national rejuvenatio

33、n and good-neighborliness and friendship. Roosevelt entered the White House, the positive implementation of relief, reform and revival as the main content of the ”Roosevelt New Deal.“ ”New Deal“ abandoned the traditional laissez-faire, to strengthen government intervention in the economic field, the

34、 implementation of deficit finance, vigorously develop the public utilities to stimulate the economy. In order to carry out the New Deal, Roosevelt will be a group of lawyers, experts and scholars of liberalism to form a think tank, consult the policy issues; through the ”furnace conversation“ appro

35、ach, close ties with the masses, and against the New Deal of the Supreme Court resolute And successfully reorganized the Supreme Court.From 9 March to 16 June 1933, the United States Congress convened a special session of President Roosevelt. Roosevelt has made various statements, urging and directi

36、ng the legislative work of Congress. Congress, at an alarming rate, passed the Emergency Banking Act, the Federal Emergency Relief Act, the Agricultural Adjustment Act, the National Industrial Renewal Act, the Tennessee River Basin Management Act, and so on.1933 to 1934 the New Deal focused on ”revi

37、val“, the main measures are: to maintain bank credit, the implementation of the depreciation of the dollar, to stimulate foreign trade, to limit agricultural production to maintain agricultural prices, to avoid bankruptcy of farmers; to stipulate the price of the agreement to reduce petition between

38、 enterprises , To stop the closure of enterprises 1935 - 1939 New Deal is focused on ”relief“ and ”reform“, the main measures are: more effective use of administrative intervention, the implementation of slow inflation, extensive public works and emergency relief, the implementation of social insura

39、nce , To expand employment opportunities and improve the social purchasing power; to carry out tax reform, according to the tax capacity of tax, levied corporate ine tax and excessive profits tax. The Roosevelt New Deal has restored public confidence in the US political system and strengthened the f

40、ederal government. And thus the United States of industry, agriculture gradually prehensive recovery. The first term of office in 1936, the face of 50% increase in national ine, Roosevelt soundsfully described: ”At this moment, the factory machine playing music, the market is booming, bank credit st

41、rong, full of passenger and cargo travel Mercedes-Benz “Therefore, Roosevelt was elected president again in 1936, it is not surprising.The beginning of World War IIIn the mid-1930s, Germany, Italy and Japan fascist formed two war sources in Europe and Asia. However, at this time the United States pr

42、evailed in isolationism. In 1935, the US Congress passed a Pittman resolution aimed at keeping the United States neutral. The resolution stipulates that the war prohibits the United States from exporting weapons and equipment and credit, and the two-year ”cash“ clause authorizes the president to req

43、uire the purchase of non-military goods in the United States to pay cash and ship with their own ships. In the face of the fascist countrys aggression and expansion, isolationism and neutrality are tantamount to acquiescence and connivance of aggression and expansion. In order to guide the United St

44、ates and its public to prepare for the anti-fascist war, to strengthen the US defense forces, Roosevelt and isolationism launched a resolute and artistic struggle.In October 1937, Roosevelt delivered a speech at the inauguration ceremony of the new bridge in Chicago, noting that ”when a contagious d

45、isease began to spread, in order to protect the health of the residents, to prevent epidemic, social permission and mon isolation of patients We are determined to be outside the war, but we can not guarantee that we are not affected by the effects of war and to avoid the crisis of warfare. “The quar

46、antine speech,” the war, the war, the war, the war, the war, the war, “And even after Roosevelt is not without fear, said:” You want to take a head, but look back, behind a person did not, how terrible this situation! “But” isolation speech “after all to the American public Pointing out the existenc

47、e of war terror.In January 1938, Roosevelt urged a 20% increase in naval construction costs in the special message. Congress in a heated debate in May through Vincent to expand the naval law, allowing the development of the Navy 1 billion US dollars. This fact shows that most Americans who have seri

48、ously considered the problem have seen the threat of war and thus agree to strengthen defense. In December 1938, at the initiative of Roosevelt, the Pan American Conference adopted the Lima Declaration, which reflected the determination of the antiques of the American countries. In March 1938, after

49、 the Germans entered Prague, the US Deputy Secretary of State, on behalf of the President, condemned Germanys ”unscrupulous wrongdoing“ and ”hegemony.“In September 1939, after the outbreak of the Deborah war, Roosevelt had to publish a formal statement of neutrality and the implementation of legisla

50、tion. At a special meeting held on Sept. 21, Roosevelt tried to use the embargo policy to bring disaster to the United States.In 1814 the parliament building was partially burned to persuade Congress to abolish the embargo clause, and claimed that ”of course, to you to review this point is just a re

51、peat of history.“ After a heated debate inside and outside the Congress, Congress passed the amendments to the legislature, abolished the embargo clause, the implementation of the principle of cash purchase (cash purchase, transport themselves). Roosevelt was signed immediately.In May 1940, the Brit

52、ish and French troops defeated and defeated by the Germans. Roosevelt asked Congress to add additional defense funds to strengthen the bat readiness. In order to get the support of the Republicans, Roosevelt appointed Henry Stimin as Army Minister, Frank Knox for the Navy Minister. During the war, t

53、he US Army Minister for Harry Woodlin (1937 to June 1940), Henry Stimson (June 1940 to September 1945). Former Navy Minister for Claude Swanson (as of 1939), Charles Edison (1940), Frank Knox (June 1944 to 1944), James Forrest (1944) Year succession). At the moment of the British face of danger, Roo

54、sevelt began to provide weapons and equipment to the United Kingdom.Three reelectionIn the early years of the presidential caign in 1940, Roosevelt devoted all his energies to the expansion of military preparations. Under the influence of Roosevelt, Congress approved the expansion of Lu Haijun, and

55、Berke-Worthworth selected the military service law. On September 2, Roosevelt signed an agreement with Britain to transfer 50 destroyers to the UK, while Britain leased some naval bases to the United States. This agreement means the end of a formal neutrality, marking the beginning of the limited US

56、 war. In July 1940, when Democrats held a presidential nomination meeting in Chicago, delegates were still unclear whether Roosevelt would seek a third term without a precedent from the president of Washington.In this regard, Roosevelt played a little trick. He made a statement to the nomination mee

57、ting by Senator Albert Barkley, declaring that he did not have the wishes and purpose of the next president and urged the delegates to elect whatever they were, but then through Senator Lister Hill put his name on the nomination list. However, the Republican presidential candidate Wendell Wilke was

58、wantonly launched: ”The election of Roosevelt means sending their sons, brothers and lovers into the grave.“ The assembly began to vote. When the list of Roosevelt as a candidate was submitted to the General Assembly, the whole meeting was a mess, and the delegates expressed strong opposition to boo

59、ing and drinking. Roosevelt was forced to change his strategy to assure the voters that he was peace, even at the promise: ”Your child will not be sent to any foreign war . The purpose of our defense is defense.“ Mrs Roosevelt, From the New York to Chicago, made a speech outside the meeting, which s

60、oon changed the atmosphere of the venue, she said: ”1940 is not the usual period, but the war is approaching the extraordinary period, in addition to what we can do for the whole national interests In addition to this problem, we should not quarrel over any other problem. The words of Mrs. Roosevelt

61、 touched the hearts of the delegates, and in the evening there was a prominent position in the speeches of Mrs. Roosevelt, and the mood of the voters turned to Roosevelt at that time, because of the frequent world war, to ensure that the US foreign policy In the same way, the Americans, especially t

62、he isolationists, did not approve of the leaders halfway, so 55% of the voters chose Roosevelt, so Roosevelt finally broke the tradition of the “father” George Washington president, America president.In December 1940, Roosevelt, who was visiting the Caribbean region of Latin America, received an urg

63、ent letter from British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, known as the German military force, the British needed a lot of weapons, but the British finance could not pay cash for US weapons and equipment The day is ing. So, Roosevelt did not mention the proposal by the US loan to the United Kingdom o

64、r to the British military supplies, but talked about the usual analogy - “I” lined the garden water pipe to the house of fire neighbors to help the neighbors Fire, and fire after the neighbors are returned to the water pipe or pensation for water pipes, are good to discuss; then in the fireside stat

65、ement declared: “We must bee a great arsenal of democratic countries,” “I ask our people absolutely believe that our mon cause will be Great success ”. The American public is in favor of this.On January 6, 1941, Roosevelt urged Congress to “authorize and allocate sufficient money to create more arms

66、 and a variety of military supplies for the transfer of countries that are now fighting in real terms with the aggression of the country”. On March 11, 1941, the bill passed by Congress (the President had the right to lease weapons and equipment to the United States security-related countries) entered into by the President. (60% to the UK, 32% fo