电大卫生事业管理测试题小抄参考

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1、专业好文档卫生事业管理测试题一、名词解释1、管理:创造并保持一种环境，使组织中的成员能够充分发挥他们的聪明才智和潜能，为实现组织的崇高目标努力奋斗的过程。2、卫生事业：是国家和社会在防止疾病、保护和增进居民健康方面所采取的措施3、公共政策:是政府为实现某一目标而制定的谋略；公共政策是引导个人和团体行为的准则；公共政策是管路部门保证社会或某一区域向正确方向发展的行动计划计划和方案。4、卫生服务：是卫生部门为了一定的目的使用卫生资源向居民提供卫生服务的过程。5、卫生服务需要：是依据人们的实际健康状况与“理想健康水平”之间存在差距而提出的对医疗、预防、保健、康复等服务的客观需要。6、卫生服务需求：是

2、从经济和价值观念出发，指在一定时期内、一定价格水平上人们愿意而且有能力购买的卫生服务量。7、卫生资源：是指社会投入到卫生服务中的人力、财力和物力的统称。8、卫生人力资源：卫生人力资源是为了提高全体人民的健康水平，延长健康寿命和提高生活质量为目标的全面的国家卫生规划所需要的多种资源中的一种资源。9、卫生人力规划：是和国家、区域的卫生目的和所承担的义务相适应，通过培训卫生人力来满足不同的卫生需要的规划，是对未来卫生人力资源的需求量、供给量和供需关系以及卫生人力的数量、知识、和技能类型进行预测、制定卫生人力计划的过程。10、卫生人力考核：是指从一定的目的出发，通过一定的方法、科学地收集、整理、评价和

3、决策卫生人力输出信息的过程。11、卫生信息：是各种与卫生工作直接或间接相关的指令、情报、数据、信号、消息及知识的总成。二、填空题1、管理的职能：计划工作（最基本）组织工作 人员配备 指导和领导工作 控制工作2、管理学基本原理：系统原理 整分合原理 反馈原理3、公共政策的类型：元政策、总政策-统帅地位、起决定性作用 、 基本政策-中间环节、具体政策4、新时期的卫生工作方针战略重点：农村卫生、预防保健、发展中医药5、计划的基本程序：形势分析（社会经济基本状况、卫生资源状况、卫生服务状况、人群健康状况）、确定目标、选择策略、制定措施、评价、预算和进度6、评价中常见的比较：目标比较、相互比较、自身比较

4、7、卫生人力业务能力考核三个方面：【认识能力(知识)】-认知领域 【精神运动能力（技能）、情感能力（态度）】-非认知领域8、卫生信息系统的构架：卫生统计信息系统、医学科技信息系统9、卫生信息系统的要素：组织机构（最基本、最重要）、人员(最活跃)、相应的法规制度、数据统计指示、数据处理工具计算机10、医学信息工作的内容：信息搜集（针对性、计划性、系统性、预见性）、信息整理、信息服务（文献检索、数据检索、事实检索）、信息报道、信息分析研究11、医学信息工作的质量标准：广、快、精、准12、按社区人群的健康状况和服务特点分为：健康人群、亚健康人群、高危人群、重点保护人群、病人13、长期计划是十年以上；

5、中期计划是五年；短期计划是一年以内14、活动日程表中横坐标表示时间，纵坐标表示工作任务，中间黑线表示具体进度（甘特图）三、多选题1、影响卫生事业发展的因素：社会制度、经济基础、管理水平、文化背景、人口状况、科技发展水平、生态环境2、我国居民医疗保健费用负担方式：公费医疗、劳保医疗、农村合作医疗、商业医疗保险、自费3、制定计划的原则：整体性原则、分类指导原则、前瞻性原则、科学化原则、滚动调解原则4、确定目标：目标的时间性、可测量性、可考核性5、进度评价关注三点：时间、活动、及所消耗的资源6、影响卫生服务需要的因素：人口数量、人口组成、医疗质量、预防保健工作、文化教育、气候地理条件、居住地点和条件

6、、婚姻、行为心理因素7、卫生人力的结构：年龄结构、专业结构、职称结构8、门诊服务利用指标：两周就诊率、两周患者就诊率、两周患者未就诊率9、住院服务利用指标：住院率、人均住院天数、未住院率10、影响卫生服务利用的因素：卫生服务需要、性别和年龄、经济收入、文化程度、医疗保障、文化传统11、卫生人力资源的特点：能动性、两重性、时效性、再生性、社会性、培养周期长、有情感、有思维的资源、复杂的不断变化的、知识密集型资源12、卫生人力绩效考核方法：民意测验法、共同确定法、配对比较法、等差图表法、欧德伟法13、卫生统计信息的特征：社会性、有效性、关联性、精确性、及时性、完整性、简明性四、简答1、卫生发展包含

7、了三个层面上的改进和提高：生产要素的增长，即卫生资源的增长；卫生机构提供服务能力的增长；人民健康水平的增长。2、现阶段确定主要卫生问题的主要依据是：疾病的严重性、疾病的发病率、控制的可能性、社区接受的可行性3、构成社区的五个要素：有聚居的一群人；有一定的地域；有一定的工作设施和生活服务设施；居民群具有特定的文化背景和生活方式，居民群之间发生种种社会关系；为谋求规章制度具体落实，产生各种群体和机构。4、社区卫生服务的特点：社区卫生服务是医疗、预防、保健、康复等基层卫生服务；社区卫生服务是以预防为导向的服务；社区卫生服务是综合性的服务；社区卫生服务是持续性的服务；社区卫生服务是可及性的服务；社区卫

8、生服务是以社区为基础的服务；六、单选题1、世界卫生组织（WHO），1948年4月7日成立，总部设在瑞士日内瓦。2、联合国儿童基金会（UNICEF），1946年12月11日成立。援助对象：少年、儿童和年轻母亲。性质：无党无派，其合作也无歧视，在它所从事的所有工作之中，处境最不利的儿童和有最大需要的国家有优先。3、联合国人口活动基金（UNFPA）4、联合国开发计划署（UNDP）5、国际红十字（IRC）Winger Tuivasa-Sheck, who scored two tries in the Kiwis 20-18 semi-final win over England, has been

9、passed fit after a lower-leg injury, while Slater has been named at full-back but is still recovering from a knee injury aggravated against USA.Both sides boast 100% records heading into the encounter but Australia have not conceded a try since Josh Charnleys effort in their first pool match against

10、 England on the opening day.Aussie winger Jarryd Hayne is the competitions top try scorer with nine, closely followed by Tuivasa-Sheck with eight.But it is recently named Rugby League International Federation player of the year Sonny Bill Williams who has attracted the most interest in the tournamen

11、t so far.The Kiwi - with a tournament high 17 offloads - has the chance of becoming the first player to win the World Cup in both rugby league and rugby union after triumphing with the All Blacks in 2011.Id give every award back in a heartbeat just to get across the line this weekend, said Williams.

12、The (lack of) air up there Watch mCayman Islands-based Webb, the head of Fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in London for the Football Associations 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend Citys Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday.I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to m

13、eet Yaya Toure, he told BBC Sport.For me its about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.Uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against CSKAfor the racist behaviour of their fans duringCitys 2-1 win.Michel Platini, president of European footballs gov

14、erning body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referees actions.CSKA said they were surprised and disappointed by Toures complaint. In a statement the Russian side added: We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA. Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted.The superson

15、ic descent could happen as early as Sunda.The weather plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower l

16、evel of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses th

17、e boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.The balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform.They blew it in 2008 when they got caught cold in the fina

18、l and they will not make the same mistake against the Kiwis in Manchester.Five years ago they cruised through to the final and so far history has repeated itself here - the last try they conceded was scored by Englands Josh Charnley in the opening game of the tournament.That could be classed as a we

19、akness, a team under-cooked - but I have been impressed by the Kangaroos focus in their games since then.They have been concentrating on the sort of stuff that wins you tough, even contests - strong defence, especially on their own goal-line, completing sets and a good kick-chase. Theyve been great

20、at all the unglamorous stuff that often goes unnoticed in the stands but not by your team-mates.It is as though their entire tournament has been preparation for the final.In Johnathan Thurston, Cooper Cronk, Cameron Smith and either Billy Slater or Greg Inglis at full-back they have a spine that is

21、unmatched in rugby league. They have played in so many high-pressure games - a priceless asset going into Saturday.The Kiwis are a lot less experienced but winning a dramatic match like their semi-final against England will do wonders for their confidence.They defeated Australia in the Four Nations final in 2010 and the last World Cup, and know they can rise to the big occasion.7