Zachman 介绍中文(修订)
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1、2021年10月14日星期四A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterprise Architecture Framework1A Tutorial on theZachman Framework for Enterprise Architecture2021年10月14日星期四A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterprise Architecture Framework2Based on work by John A. ZachmanVA Enterprise ArchitectureDATAWhatFUNCTIONHowNETWORKWhereP
2、EOPLEWhoTIMEWhenMOTIVATIONWhyDATAWhatFUNCTIONHowNETWORKWherePEOPLEWhoTIMEWhenMOTIVATIONWhySCOPE(CONTEXTUAL)PlannerENTERPRISEMODEL(CONCEPTUAL)OwnerSYSTEM MODEL(LOGICAL)DesignerTECHNOLOGYMODEL(PHYSICAL)BuilderDETAILEDREPRESENTATIONS(OUT-OF-CONTEXT)Sub-ContractorFUNCTIONINGENTERPRISESCOPE(CONTEXTUAL)Pl
3、annerENTERPRISEMODEL(CONCEPTUAL)OwnerSYSTEM MODEL(LOGICAL)DesignerTECHNOLOGYMODEL(PHYSICAL)BuilderDETAILEDREPRESENTATIONS(OUT-OF-CONTEXT)Sub-ContractorFUNCTIONINGENTERPRISEThings Important to the BusinessEntity = Class of Business ThingProcesses PerformedFunction = Class of Business ProcessSemantic
4、ModelEnt = Business Entity Rel = Business RelationshipBusiness Process ModelProc = Business Process I/O = Business ResourcesBusiness LogisticsSystemNode = Business Location Link = Business LinkageWork Flow ModelPeople = Organization Unit Work = Work ProductMaster ScheduleTime = Business Event Cycle
5、= Business CycleBusiness PlanEnd = Business Objective Means = Business StrategyImportantOrganizationsPeople = Major OrganizationsBusiness locationsNode = Major Business LocationsEvents Significantto the BusinessTime = MajorBusiness EventBusiness Goalsand StrategyEnds/Means =Major Business GoalsLogic
6、al DataModelEnt = Data Entity Rel = Data RelationshipApplication ArchitectureProc = Application Function I/O = User ViewsDistributed SystemArchitectureNode = IS Function Link = Line CharacteristicsHuman InterfaceArchitecturePeople = Role Work = DeliverableProcessingStructureTime = System Event Cycle
7、 = Processing CycleBusiness RuleModelEnd = Structural Assertion Means = Action AssertionPhysical DataModelEnt = Segment/Table Rel = Pointer/KeySystemDesignProc = Computer Function I/O = Data Elements/SetsTechnologyArchitectureNode = Hardware/Software Link = Line SpecificationsPresentationArchitectur
8、ePeople = User Work = Screen FormatControlStructureTime = Execute Cycle = Component CycleRuleDesignEnd = Condition Means = ActionDataDefinitionEnt = Field Rel = AddressProgramProc = Language Statement I/O = Control BlockNetworkArchitectureNode = Addresses Link = ProtocolsSecurityArchitecturePeople =
9、 IdentityWork = JobTiming DefinitionTime = InterruptCycle = Machine CycleRuleDesignEnd = Sub-Condition Means = StepDataEnt = Rel = FunctionProc =I/O =NetworkNode = Link =OrganizationPeople = Work =ScheduleTime = Cycle =StrategyEnd = Means =Based on work by John A. ZachmanVA Enterprise ArchitectureDA
10、TAWhatFUNCTIONHowNETWORKWherePEOPLEWhoTIMEWhenMOTIVATIONWhyDATAWhatFUNCTIONHowNETWORKWherePEOPLEWhoTIMEWhenMOTIVATIONWhySCOPE(CONTEXTUAL)PlannerENTERPRISEMODEL(CONCEPTUAL)OwnerSYSTEM MODEL(LOGICAL)DesignerTECHNOLOGYMODEL(PHYSICAL)BuilderDETAILEDREPRESENTATIONS(OUT-OF-CONTEXT)Sub-ContractorFUNCTIONIN
11、GENTERPRISESCOPE(CONTEXTUAL)PlannerENTERPRISEMODEL(CONCEPTUAL)OwnerSYSTEM MODEL(LOGICAL)DesignerTECHNOLOGYMODEL(PHYSICAL)BuilderDETAILEDREPRESENTATIONS(OUT-OF-CONTEXT)Sub-ContractorFUNCTIONINGENTERPRISEThings Important to the BusinessEntity = Class of Business ThingProcesses PerformedFunction = Clas
12、s of Business ProcessSemantic ModelEnt = Business Entity Rel = Business RelationshipBusiness Process ModelProc = Business Process I/O = Business ResourcesBusiness LogisticsSystemNode = Business Location Link = Business LinkageWork Flow ModelPeople = Organization Unit Work = Work ProductMaster Schedu
13、leTime = Business Event Cycle = Business CycleBusiness PlanEnd = Business Objective Means = Business StrategyImportantOrganizationsPeople = Major OrganizationsBusiness locationsNode = Major Business LocationsEvents Significantto the BusinessTime = MajorBusiness EventBusiness Goalsand StrategyEnds/Me
14、ans =Major Business GoalsLogical DataModelEnt = Data Entity Rel = Data RelationshipApplication ArchitectureProc = Application Function I/O = User ViewsDistributed SystemArchitectureNode = IS Function Link = Line CharacteristicsHuman InterfaceArchitecturePeople = Role Work = DeliverableProcessingStru
15、ctureTime = System Event Cycle = Processing CycleBusiness RuleModelEnd = Structural Assertion Means = Action AssertionPhysical DataModelEnt = Segment/Table Rel = Pointer/KeySystemDesignProc = Computer Function I/O = Data Elements/SetsTechnologyArchitectureNode = Hardware/Software Link = Line Specifi
16、cationsPresentationArchitecturePeople = User Work = Screen FormatControlStructureTime = Execute Cycle = Component CycleRuleDesignEnd = Condition Means = ActionDataDefinitionEnt = Field Rel = AddressProgramProc = Language Statement I/O = Control BlockNetworkArchitectureNode = Addresses Link = Protoco
17、lsSecurityArchitecturePeople = IdentityWork = JobTiming DefinitionTime = InterruptCycle = Machine CycleRuleDesignEnd = Sub-Condition Means = StepDataEnt = Rel = FunctionProc =I/O =NetworkNode = Link =OrganizationPeople = Work =ScheduleTime = Cycle =StrategyEnd = Means =Zachman Framework2021年10月14日星期
18、四A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterprise Architecture Framework3Zachman FrameworknRow 1 ScopeRow 1 Scope(范围)(范围)External Requirements and Drivers(外部需求和驱动力)Business Function Modeling(业务功能模型)nRow 2 Enterprise ModelRow 2 Enterprise Model(企业模型)(企业模型)Business Process Models(业务流程模型)nRow 3 System ModelRow 3 S
19、ystem Model(系统模型)(系统模型)Logical Models(逻辑模型)Requirements Definition(需求定义)nRow 4 Technology ModelRow 4 Technology Model(技术模型)(技术模型)Physical Models(物理模型)Solution Definition and Development(解决方案定义和开发)nRow 5 As BuiltRow 5 As Built(构建)(构建)As Built(构建)Deployment(部署)nRow 6 Functioning EnterpriseRow 6 Functi
20、oning EnterpriseFunctioning Enterprise(企业在IT上运行的功能)Evaluation(评价)123456ContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningWhyWhyWhoWhoWhenWhenWhereWhereWhatWhatHowHow2021年10月14日星期四A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterprise Architecture Framework4Fra
21、mework RulesFramework Rules(ZachmanZachman 框架框架 基本规则)基本规则)nRule 1: Columns have no order(列没有次序)(列没有次序) ContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningWhyWhyWhoWhoWhenWhenWhereWhereWhatWhatHowHownRule 2: Each column has a simple, basic mode
22、l (每一列是(每一列是一个简单的基本模型)一个简单的基本模型)nRule 3: Basic model of each column is unique(每一列(每一列的基本模型是独一无二的)的基本模型是独一无二的) nRule 4: Each row represents a distinct view (每一行表达(每一行表达特定方面的视图)特定方面的视图)nRule 5: Each cell is unique(每个单元是唯一的)(每个单元是唯一的) nRule 6: Combining the cells in one row forms a complete description
23、 from that view(每一行(每一行上的单元组合形成一个完整的视图)上的单元组合形成一个完整的视图)Basic Model = Entities and RelationshipsEntityRelationshipEntity2021年10月14日星期四A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterprise Architecture Framework5Zachman Framework Row 1Scope/Planners View(范围/规划者视图)nExternal Requirements and Drivers(外部需求和驱动力)nBusiness F
24、unction Modeling(业务功能模型)nMotivation/Why(动因)Business goals, objectives and performancemeasures related to each function (业务目的/目标,每个功能相关的性能度量指标)nFunction/How(功能)High-level business functions(高阶业务功能)nData/What(数据)High-level data classes related to eachFunction(每个功能相关的高级数据分类)nPeople/Who(人)Stakeholders r
25、elated to each function(每个功能相关的干系人)nNetwork/WhereVA locations related to each functionnTime/WhenCycles and events related to eachFunction(每个功能相关的业务周期和事件)1ContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningWhyWhyWhoWhoWhenWhenWhereWhereWhatWhat
26、HowHow2021年10月14日星期四A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterprise Architecture Framework6Zachman Framework Row 2Enterprise Model/Owners View(企业模型/所有者视图)nBusiness Process Models(业务流程模型)nBusiness Function Allocation(业务功能分布)nElimination of Function Overlap and Ambiguity(过滤重叠和不确定功能)nMotivation/WhyPolicies, proce
27、dures and standards for eachprocess (每个流程相关的政策、规程和标准)nFunction/HowBusiness processes(业务流程)nData/WhatBusiness data(业务数据)nPeople/WhoVA roles and responsibilities in eachProcess(每个流程的角色和责任)nNetwork/WhereVA locations related to each processnTime/WhenEvents for each process and sequencingof integration a
28、nd process improvements促使过程改进和流程整合的事件2ContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningWhyWhyWhoWhoWhenWhenWhereWhereWhatWhatHowHow2021年10月14日星期四A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterprise Architecture Framework7Zachman Framework Row 3System Model/
29、Designers ViewnLogical Models(逻辑视图)nProject Management(项目管理)nRequirements Definition(需求定义) nMotivation/WhyVA policies, standards and proceduresassociated with a business rule model (与业务规则模型联系的政策、标准和规程)nFunction/HowLogical representation of informationsystems and their relationships (信息系统及其关系的逻辑表达)nD
30、ata/WhatLogical data models of data and datarelationships underlying VA information 表达数据之间关系的逻辑数据模型nPeople/WhoLogical representation of access privilegesconstrained by roles and responsibilities由角色和职责限制的访问权限的逻辑表达nNetwork/WhereLogical representation of the distributedsystem architecture for VA locati
31、ons(部署在VA位置分布式系统架构的逻辑表达)nTime/WhenLogical events and their triggered responses constrained by business events and their responses (由业务事件及其响应约束的逻辑事件和响应)3ContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningWhyWhyWhoWhoWhenWhenWhereWhereWhatWhatHo
32、wHow2021年10月14日星期四A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterprise Architecture Framework8Zachman Framework Row 4Technology Model/Builders ViewnPhysical Models(物理模型)nTechnology Management(技术管理)nSolution Definition and Development (解决方案制定和开发)nMotivation/WhyVA business rules constrained by informationsystems stan
33、dards (由系统信息标准约束的VA业务规则)nFunction/HowSpecifications of applications that operateon particular technology platforms (特定技术平台的应用规格说明)nData/WhatDatabase management system (DBMS) typerequirements constrained by logical data models (由逻辑数据模型约束的数据管理系统)nPeople/WhoSpecification of access privileges tospecific
34、 platforms and technologies针对 特定技术和平台的的访问权限规格说明nNetwork/WhereSpecification of network devices and theirrelationships within physical boundaries 在物理边界范围内,网络设备及其关系的规格说明nTime/WhenSpecification of triggers to respond to systemevents on specific platforms and technologies (在特定平台和技术上的系统事件和响应的规格说明)4Context
35、ualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningWhyWhyWhoWhoWhenWhenWhereWhereWhatWhatHowHow2021年10月14日星期四A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterprise Architecture Framework9Zachman Framework Row 5As Built/Integrators ViewnAs Built(构建)nConfiguration Manag
36、ement(配置管理)nDeployment(部署) nMotivation/WhyVA business rules constrained by specific technology standards (由特定的技术标准所限制的业务规则)nFunction/HowPrograms coded to operate on specific technology platforms (在特定的技术平台上运行的程序代码)nData/WhatData definitions constrained by physical data models (由物理数据模型限制的数据定义)nPeople/
37、WhoAccess privileges coded to control access to specific platforms and technologies (访问权限代码用来控制指定的平台和技术)nNetwork/WhereNetwork devices configured to conform to node specifications (网络设备被配置以适应指定的节点)nTime/WhenTiming definitions coded to sequence activities on specific platforms and technologies(在指定的技术平
38、台上通过定义好的时序运行一系列活动) 5ContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningWhyWhyWhoWhoWhenWhenWhereWhereWhatWhatHowHow2021年10月14日星期四A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterprise Architecture Framework10Zachman Framework Row 6Functioning Enterprise/Users V
39、iewnFunctioning Enterprise(企业实际展示的业务功能)nOperations Management(运营管理)nEvaluation(评价) nMotivation/WhyOperating characteristics of specific technologies constrained by standards(操作的特点被特定的技术标准所限定) nFunction/HowFunctioning computer instructions(通过计算机指令来实现功能) nData/WhatData values stored in actual database
40、s(数据被存储在真实的数据库中) nPeople/WhoVA personnel and key stakeholders working within their roles and responsibilities (企业中的每个人员都有各自的岗位和职责)nNetwork/WhereSending and receiving messages (发送和接受信息)nTime/WhenTiming definitions operating to sequence activities (按照一定时序运行一系列的活动)6ContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalIntegratedFunctioningContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalIntegratedFunctioningWhyWhyWhoWhoWhenWhenWhereWhereWhatWhatHowHow2021年10月14日星期四A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterprise Architecture Framework11VA Zachman Framework Portal
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