暖通专业常用术语中英文对照

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1、暖通专业常用术语中英文对照1 采暖术语1.1 一般术语1采暖heating; space heating2集中采暖central heating; concentrated heating3全面采暖general heating 4局部采暖local heating5连续采暖continuous heating6间歇采暖intermittent heating 7值班采暖standby heating 8热水采暖hot water heating 9高温热水采暖hight temperature water heating; high-pressure hot water heating 10

2、蒸汽采暖steam heating 11高压蒸汽采暖high-pressure steam heating 12低压蒸汽采暖low-pressure steam heating 13真空采暖vacuum heating 14对流采暖convection heating 15散热器采暖radiator heating 16热风采暖warm-air heating; hot air heating 17集中送风采暖localized air supply for air-heating 18辐射采暖panel heating; radiant heating 19顶棚辐射采暖ceiling pan

3、el heating20地板辐射采暖floor panel heating 21墙壁辐射采暖wall panel heating 22金属辐射采暖metal radiant panel heating 23煤气红外线辐射采暖gas-fired infrared heating 24电热辐射采暖electric radiant heating; electric panel heating 25火炉采暖stove heating 26太阳能采暖solar heating27热源heat source28热媒heating medium29饱和蒸汽saturated steam30过热蒸汽supe

4、rheated steam; overheat steam31二次蒸汽flash steam32汽水混合物steam water mixture33热媒参数heating medium parameter34供水温度supply water temperature35回水温度return water temperature36供回水温度temperature difference between supply and return water37供汽压力pressure of steam supply38凝结水背压力back pressure of steam trap39锅炉房boiler

5、room; boiler house; boiler plant 40供热heat supply; heating41区域供热district heating; district heat supply42热网heat supply network; heat distributing network43热力入口building heating entry44开式回水open return45闭式回水closed return46余压回水back pressure return47闭式满管回水dosed full flow return1.2 围护结构与热负荷1围护结构building env

6、elope2空气间层air space; airspace3传热heating transfer; heat transmission4稳态传热steady-state heat transfer5非稳态传热unsteady-state heat transfer6热流量heat flow rate7导热系数Thermal conductivity(coefficient);heat conduction coefficient; heat conductivity8导温系数thermal diffusivity9热阻thermal resistance; heat resistance10表

7、面换热系数surfacefilmthermal conductance; surface coefficient of heat transfer11表面换热阻surfacefilm resistance of heat thermal transfer12传热系数coefficient of heat transfer; overall heat transmission coefficient13传热阻resistance of heat transfer14最大传热系数maximum coefficient of heat transfer 15最小传热minimum resistanc

8、e of heat transfer 16经济传热阻economic resistance of heat transfer 17蓄热系数coefficient of accumulation of heat; coefficient of thermal storage18热惰性指标（D值）index of thermal inertia(value D)19热稳定性thermal stability; heat endurance20衰减倍数damping factor21延迟时间heat(thermal)lag; detention period22蒸汽渗透系数coefficient o

9、f vapor permeability; coefficient of vapo(u)r permeation23蒸汽渗透阻resistance to water vapor permeability; resistance to water vapor permeation24耗热量heat loss25基本耗热量basic heat loss26附加耗热量additional heat loss27围护结构温差修正系数temperature difference correction factor of envelope 28温度梯度temperature gradient29朝向修正率

10、correction factor for orientation30风力附加率additional factor for wind force31外门附加率additional factor for exterior door32高度附加率additional factor for room height33间歇附加率additional factor for intermittent heating34冷风渗透耗热量heat loss by infiltration; infiltration heat loss35通风耗热量ventilation heat loss36热负荷heatin

11、g load1.3 采暖系统1采暖系统heating system2热水采暖系统hot water heating system3蒸汽采暖系统steam heating system4真空采暖系统vacuum heating system; vacuum return-line heating system5蒸汽喷射热水采暖系统steam-jet hot water heating system6散热器采暖系统radiator heating system7热风采暖系统warm-air heating system; hot air heating system8同程式系统reversed r

12、eturn system9异程式系统direct return system10单管采暖系统one(single)-pipe heating system11垂直单管采暖系统vertical one(single)-pipe heating system12水平单管采暖系统one(single)-pipe loop circuit heating system13单管顺序式采暖系统one(single)-pipe series-loop heating system14单管跨越式采暖系统one(single)-pipe circuit(cross-over) heating system15双

13、管采暖系统two-pipe heating system16单双管混合式采暖系统one-and-two pipe combined heating system17上分式系统downfeed system18下分式系统upfeed system19中分式系统midfeed system1.4 管道及配件1采暖管道heating pipe line 2热水管hot water pipe3蒸汽管steam pipe4凝结水管condensate pipe5干式凝结水管dry return pipe6湿式凝结水管wet return pipe7总管main pipe; main; trunk pip

14、e8干管main pipe; main ; trunk pipe9立管riser10支管branch pipe; branch 11散热器供热支管feeding branch of radiator 12散热器回水支管return branch of radiator13排气管vent; vent pipe14泄水管drain pipe15旁通管by-pass pipe16膨胀管expansion pipe17循环管circulating pipe18排污管drainage pipe; blow off pipe; blowdown19溢流管overflow pipe20管道配件pipe fi

15、ttings21管接头coupling22活接头union23异径管接头reducing coupling24弯头elbow25三通tee26四通cross27丝堵screwed plug; plug28补心bushing29长丝close nipple; shoulder nipple30丝对screw nipple31固定支架fixed support32活动支架movable support1.5 水力计算1水力计算hydraulic calculation2环路circuit; loop3最不利环路index circuit4共同段common section5非共同段non-comm

16、on section6管段pipe section7管段长度length of pipe section8当量长度equivalent length9折算长度effective length 10摩擦阻力friction loss; frictional resistance11比摩阻specific frictional resistance12摩擦系数friction factor13绝对粗糙度absolute roughness14相对粗糙度15局部阻力local resistance16局部阻力系数coefficient of local resistance17当量局部阻力系数equ

17、ivalent coefficient of local resistance18折算局部阻力系数effective coefficient of local resistance19阻力平衡hydraulic resistance balance20压力损失pressure drop21水力失调hydraulic disorder22极限流速limiting velocity23经济流速economic velocity24系统阻力system resistance25作用半径operating range26资用压力available pressure27工作压力working press

18、ure; operating pressure28静压static pressure29动压velocity pressure30全压total pressure1.6 采暖设备及附件1采暖设备heating equipment; heating appliance2锅炉boiler3热水锅炉hot water boiler4蒸汽锅炉steam boiler5换热器heat exchanger6水水式换热器water-water type heat exchanger7汽水式换热器steam-water type heat exchanger8表面式换热器surface-type heat e

19、xchanger; indirect heat exchanger9汽水混合式换热器steam-water mixed heat exchanger; direct-contact heat exchanger10蒸汽喷射器steam ejector11膨胀水箱expansion tank12凝结水箱condensate tank 13开式水箱open tank14闭式水箱closed tank15补给水泵make-up water pump16循环泵circulating pump17加压泵booster18凝结水泵condensate pump19手摇泵hand pump20真空泵vacu

20、um pump21散热器radiator; heat emitter22对流散热器convector23铸铁散热器cast iron radiator24钢制散热器steel radiator25光面管散热器pipecoil; pipe radiator26暖风机unit heater27轴流式暖风机unit heater with axial fan28离心式暖风机unit heater with centrifugal fan29空气加热器air heater30空气幕air curtain31热风幕warm air curtain32燃油热风器oil-fired unit heater3

21、3燃气热风器gas-fired unit heater34金属辐射板metal radiant panel35块状辐射板unit radiant panel36带状辐射板strip radiant panel37红外线辐射器infrared radiant heater38混水器water-water jet39除污器strainer40分汽缸steam manifold; steam header41分水器header42集水器header43集气罐air collector44补偿器compensator45减压阀reducing valve; pressure reducing valv

22、e46安全阀safety valve; pressure relief valve47止回阀check valve; nonreturn valve48截止阀stop valve49闸阀gate valve50角阀angle valve51浮球阀float valve52放气阀vent; air vent53自动放气阀automatic vent54散热器调节阀radiator valve55疏水器steam trap56浮桶式疏水器upright bucket type steam trap57倒吊桶式疏水器inverted bucket type steam trap58浮球式疏水器flo

23、at type steam trap59热动力式疏水器thermodynamic type steam trap60恒温式疏水器expansion steam trap; thermostatic steam trap2 通风术语2.1 一般术语1通风ventilation2工业通风industrial ventilation3自然通风natural ventilation4机械通风mechanical ventilation; forced ventilation5联合通风natural and mechanical combined ventilation6全面通风general vent

24、ilation; entirely ventilation; general air change7全面排风general exhaust ventilation(GEV)8有组织进风organized air supply9有组织排风organized exhaust10无组织进风unorganized air supply11无组织排风unorganized exhaust12局部通风local ventilation13局部送风local relief14局部排风local exhaust ventilation(LEV)15槽边通风rim ventilation; slot exhau

25、st on edges of tanks16事故通风emergency ventilation17诱导通风inductive ventilation18单向流通风unidirectional flow ventilation19通风量ventilation rate20换气次数air changes; ventilating rate21进风量supply air rate22排风量exhaust air rate23风量平衡air balance24热平衡heat balance25余热excess heat; excessive heat26余湿moisture excess27有害物质h

26、armful substance28蒸汽vapo(u)r29有害物质浓度concentration of harmful substance30质量浓度mass concentration31体积浓度volumetric concentration32计数浓度number concentration; particle number concentration33最高容许浓度maximum allowable concentration(MAC)34防火fire protection; fire prevention35防爆explosion proofing36防烟smoke control

27、37排烟smoke extraction2.2 自然通风与隔热降温1有组织自然通风organized natural ventilation; controlled natural ventilation 2无组织自然通风unorganized natural ventilation; uncontrolled natural ventilation3穿堂风through flow; through-draught; cross-ventilation4自然排风系统natural exhaust system5热压thermal pressure; thermal buoyancy; stac

28、k effect pressure6风压wind pressure7余压excess pressure8建筑气流区building flow zones9稳定气流区contour zone10正压区zone of positive pressure11空气动力阴影区recirculation cavity; zone of recirculating flow; zone of aerodynamic shadow12尾流区 zone of wake 13负压区zone of negative pressure14散热源source of heat release 15散热量heat rele

29、ase16散热强度specific heat load17散热量有效系数coefficient of effective heat emission18排风温度temperature of outgoing air 19中和界neutral level; neutral zone; neutral pressure level20避风天窗protectedroofmonitor; wind-proofed monitor21挡风板wind shield; baffle plate22倒灌wind blow in; down draft23热车间hot workshop; hot shop24隔

30、热heat(thermal)insulation25隔热屏heat screen; heat shield26水幕water screen; water curtain27隔热水箱water tank for heat(thermal)insulation; water-cooled absorptive shielding28通风屋顶ventilated roof29降温cooling30降温系统cooling system31地道风air through tunnel2.3 机械通风1机械通风系统mechanical ventilating system2机械送风系统mechanical

31、air supply system3机械排风系统mechanical exhaust system4局部送风系统local air supply system; local relief system5局部排风系统local exhaust system6事故通风系统emergency ventilate on system7通风设备ventilation equipment; ventilation facilities8送风机supply fan9排风机exhaust fan10通风机室fan room; fan house11送风机室supply fan room12排风机室exhaus

32、t fan room13进风口air intake14百叶窗louver; shutter15保温窗heat insulating window16空气加热器旁通阀by-pass damper17局部排风罩exhaust hood; hood18外部吸气罩capturing hood19接受式排风罩receiving hood20密闭罩exhausted enclosure; enclosed hood21局部密闭罩partial enclosure22整体密闭罩integral enclosure23大容器密闭罩large space enclosure; closed booth24排风柜

33、laboratory hood; fume hood25伞形罩ganopy hood26侧吸罩lateral hood; side hood27槽边排风罩rim exhaust; slot exhaust hood; lateral exhaust at the edge of a bath28吹吸式排风罩push-pull hood29罩口风速face velocity30控制风速capture velocity; control velocity2.4 除尘1粉尘dust2纤维性粉尘fibrous dust3亲水性粉尘hydrophilic dust; lyophilic dust4疏水性

34、粉尘hydrophobic dust; lyophobic dust5游离二氧化硅free silica; free silicon dioxide6气溶胶aerosol7大气尘airborne particles; particulates; atmospheric dust8烟尘smoke9烟雾fume10烟气fumes11液滴droplet12雾mist13粒子particle; particulate14粒径particle size15粒径分布particle size distribution; granulometric distribution16安息角angle of rep

35、ose; angle of rest17滑动角angle of slide18真密度actual density; density of dust particle19堆积密度volume density; apparent density; bulk density20比电阻resistivity; specific resistance21可湿性wettability22水硬性hydraulicity23尘源dust source24尘化作用pulvation action25二次扬尘reentrainment of dust26沉降速度settling velocity27悬浮速度sus

36、pended velocity28除尘dust removal; dust separation; dust control29机械除尘mechanical dust removal; mechanical cleaning off dust30湿法除尘wet dust collection; wet dust extraction31水力除尘hydraulic dust removal32联合除尘mechanical and hydraulic combined dust removal33除尘系统dust removing system34湿式作业wet method operation3

37、5湿法冲洗wet flushing36泥浆处理sludge handling37气力输送Pneumatic conveying; pneumatic transport38含尘浓度dust concentration39初始浓度initial concentration of dust40除尘效率overall efficiency of separation; total separation efficiency; collection efficiency41分级除尘效率grade efficiency; fractional separation efficiency42分割粒径cut

38、 diameter43过滤器初阻力initial resistance of filter44过滤器终阻力final resistance of filter45容尘量dust capacity; clogging capacity; dust-holding capacity46过滤效率filter efficiency47穿透率penetration rate; slip rate48气布比air-to-cloth ratio; specific gas flow rate49过滤速度filtration velocity; media velocity50连续除灰continuous d

39、ust dislodging; continuous dust removal51定期除灰periodic dust dislodging; intermittent dust removal2.5 有害气体净化及排放1有害气体harmful gas and vapour2气体吸收absorption of gas and vapour3气体吸附adsorption of gas and vapour4气体燃烧combustion of gas and vapour5直接燃烧direct combustion6热力燃烧thermal oxidation; flame combustion7催化

40、燃烧catalytic combustion; catalytic oxidation8气体冷凝condensation of vapour9吸收装置absorption equipment10吸收剂absorbent11解吸desorption12吸收质absorbate13吸附装置adsorption equipment; adsorber14吸附剂adsorbent15吸附质adsorbate16大气扩散atmospheric diffusion; dispersion17大气湍流atmospheric turbulence18大气稳定度atmospheric stability19逆温

41、temperature inversion20逆温层inversion layer; thermal inversion layer21排气烟囱chimney; stack; exhaust vertical pipe22烟羽plume; smoke plume23烟羽抬升高度plume rise height24烟羽有效高度effective stack height25大气污染atmospheric pollution; air pollution26空气污染物air pollutant; air contaminant27排放浓度emission concentration28落地浓度g

42、round-level concentration2.6 通风管道及附件1通风管道ventilating duct2风管air duct; duct3风道air channel; air duct; duct4通风总管main duct; trunk duct5通风干管main duct6通风支管branch duct7软管flexible duct8柔性接头flexible joint9集合管air manifold; air header10通过式风管passage ventilating duct; through air duct11筒形风帽cylindrical ventilator

43、; roof ventilator12伞形风帽cowl; weather cap13锥形风帽conical cowl; tapered cowl14通风部件components; part; piece15通风配件fittings16导流板guide vane; turning vane; splitter17蝶阀butterfly damper18对开式多叶阀opposed multiblade damper19平行式多叶阀parallel multiblade damper20菱形叶片调节阀diamond-shaped damper21插板阀slide damper22斜插板阀inclin

44、ed damper23通风止回阀check damper; nonreturn damper24防火阀fire damper; fire-resisting damper25防烟阀smokeproof damper; smoke damper26排烟阀smoke exhaust damper27防回流装置back-flow preventer; subduct assembly28泄压装置pressure relief device29风口air opening; exhaust opening or inlet; air inlet30散流器diffuser31百叶型风口register32

45、条缝型风口slot outlet; slote diffuser33旋流风口twist outlet; swirl diffuser34空气分布器air distributor35旋转送风口rotating air outlet with movable guide vanes; rotary supply outlet36插板式送吸风口air supply(suction)opening with slide plate37吸风口exhaust opening; exhaust inlet38排风口exit; exhaust outlet39清扫孔cleanout opening; clea

46、ning hole40检查门access door41测孔sampling port; sampling hole42风管支吊架support(hanger) of duct2.7 通风与除尘设备1通风机fan2离心式通风机centrifugal fan3轴流式通风机axial fan4贯流式通风机cross-flow fan; tangential fan5屋顶通风机power roof ventilator6风扇circulating fan7吊扇ceiling fan8喷雾风扇spray fan; air-douche unit with water atomization9冷风机组se

47、lf-contained cooling unit; cooling unit10除尘器dust separator; dust collector; particulate collector11沉降室gravity separator settling chamber12干式除尘器dry dust separator13惯性除尘器inertial dust separator14旋风除尘器cyclone; cyclone dust separator15多管旋风除尘器multicyclone; multiclone16袋式除尘器bag filter; fabric collector; b

48、aghouse17颗粒层除尘器granular bed filter; gravel bed filter18电除尘器electrostatic precipitator; electric precipitator19湿式除尘器wet dust collector; wet separator; wet scrubber20水膜式除尘器water-film cyclone; water-film separator21卧式旋风水膜除尘器horizontal water-film cyclone22泡沫除尘器foam dust separator23冲激式除尘器impact dust coll

49、ector; vortex scrubber24文丘里除尘器venturi scrubber25筛板塔sieve-plate column; perforated plate tower26填料塔packed tower; packed column27空气过滤器air filter28自动卷绕式过滤器automatic roll filter29真空吸尘装置vacuum cleaning installation; vacuum cleance; cleaning vacuum plant3 空气调节术语3.1 一般术语1空气调节air conditioning2舒适性空气调节comfort

50、 air conditioning 3工艺性空气调节industrial air conditioning; process air conditioning4局部区域空气调节local air conditioning5分层空气调节stratificated air conditioning6空气调节区conditioned zone7非空气调节区unconditioned zone8空气调节房间conditioned space9空气调节机房air conditioning machine room; air handling unit room3.2 负荷计算1显热sensible he

51、at2潜热latent heat3全热total heat4综合温度sol-air temperature5逐时综合温度hourly sol-air temperature6日平均综合温度average daily sol-air temperature7太阳辐射热solar radiant heat8太阳辐射热吸收系数absorptance for solar radiation9遮阳系数shading coeffident10房间得热量space heat gain11人体散热量heat gain from occupant12设备散热量heat gain from appliance a

52、nd equipment13照明散热量heat gain from lighting 14蓄热heat storage; thermal storage effect15蓄热特性heat storage capacity; thermal storage characteristic16散湿量moisture gain17人体散湿量moisture gain from occupant18设备散湿量moisture gain from appliance and equipment19房间湿负荷space moisture load 20房间冷负荷space cooling load 21传热

53、冷负荷cooling load from heat conduction through envelope22新风冷负荷cooling load from outdoor air; cooling load from ventilation23逐时冷负荷hourly cooling load24逐时冷负荷综合最大值maximum sum of hourly cooling load 25冷负荷温度cooling load temperature26空气调节系数冷负荷air conditioning system cooling load27负荷特性load pattern28群集系数perce

54、ntage of men, women and children3.3 空气调节系统1空气调节系统air conditioning system 2集中式空气调节系统central air conditioning system 3定风量空气调节系统constant volume air conditioning system 4变风量空气调节系统variable air volume(VAV)air conditioning system 5全空气系统all-air system6单风管空气调节系统single duct air conditioning system ;single duc

55、t system7双风管空气调节系统dual duct air conditioning system ;dual duct system8再热式空气调节系统reheat air conditioning system 9直流式空气调节系统direct air conditioning system 10新风系统central ventilation system; primary air system11空气-水系统air-water system12风机盘管加新风系统primary air fancoil system13诱导式空气调节系统induction air-conditioning system 14全水系统all-water system15风机盘管空气调节系统fan-coil air-conditioning system; fan-coil system 16恒温系统constant temperature system17恒湿系统constant humidity system18恒温恒湿系统constant temperature and humidity system19水系统water system20两管制水系统two-pipe wate