London英文介绍伦敦PPT

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1、London: the capitalDid you know? Buckingham Palace The Tower of London Thames River Tower Bridge Big Ben Westminster Abbey Saint Pauls Cathedral Trafalgar Square Covent Garden Morris danceBuckingham PalacenBuckingham Palace, official town residence of the British monarch since 1837, located near Sai

2、nt Jamess Park, London. Built by John Sheffield, 1st duke of Buckingham and Normandy, in 1703, the palace was purchased for the royal family in 1761 by George III, although St. Jamess Palace continued to be the official residence until the accession就职 of Queen Victoria. Buckingham PalacenThe neoclas

3、sical新古典主义 structure was remodeled by John Nash in 1825. In 1856 a ballroom was added, and in 1913 a new east front was built. Buckingham Palace has about 600 rooms and 20 hectares (50 acres) of gardens. It is noted for its fine collection of paintings.Buckingham PalacenThe interior 内部of Buckingham

4、Palace is open to the public during August and September while the queen is on vacation. Funds raised from the summer visits go toward repairing Windsor Castle, a royal residence located just outside of London that was damaged by fire in 1992. The famous changing of the guard takes place outside Buc

5、kingham Palace.Buckingham Palace GuardsnBuckingham Palace guards undergo inspection 视察while on duty outside the residence of Queen Elizabeth. Tourists visiting the palace witness the ceremonial “changing of the guard” in which a sentry 岗哨is relieved of duty with traditional military precision精确.Chan

6、ging of the GuardnThe changing of the guard at Buckingham Palacethe official London residence of the British royal familypresents a colorful spectacle景象. Accompanied by a band, the new guard marches from a nearby barracks 兵营to the palace, where the troops form up facing the old guard. As the changeo

7、ver takes place, the officers of the old and new contingents advance and touch left hands to symbolize the transfer of keys.ThamesnThames, river in southern England, the most important river in England. It rises in four headstreamsthe Isis, the Churn, the Colne, and the Leach. It is 338 km (210 mi)

8、long. The Thames is the main source of the water supply of London. In 1982 downstream barriers, designed to protect London from floods caused by extreme high tides, were completed.Tower BridgenTower Bridge, bridge on the Thames River in London, near the Tower of London, one of the citys principal la

9、ndmarks. Built between 1886 and 1894, it has two Gothic-style towers and a central drawbridge; this design was governed both by the navigational requirements of ships and barge trains that passed below and by the Gothic style that Parliament demanded in order to harmonize with the nearby Tower of Lo

10、ndon. Tower BridgenThe towers contain both the hydraulic水压 mechanisms for lifting the drawbridge, and the elevators to the upper pedestrian步行者 walkway. The two halves of the drawbridge swing open to allow taller ships to pass. The pedestrian walkway was opened for the use of tourists.Tower of London

11、nTower of London, located on the northern bank of the Thames River, was built about 1078. It was used alternately as a fortress堡垒, royal residence, and state prison in its early years. Today, it is maintained as an arsenal兵工厂 with a garrison, and is open to the public. The well-preserved Norman and

12、medieval中世纪 structures cover nearly 7.2 hectares (18 acres).Tower of LondonnTower of London is now largely a showplace and museum. It holds the crown jewels of England and is one of the countrys greatest tourist attractions. A popular feature is the Yeomen of the Guard, known as Beefeaters, who stil

13、l wear colorful uniforms of the Tudor period. Big BennNamed for Sir Benjamin Hall, the Chief Commissioner 委员of Works when the bell was cast in 1856, Big Ben is the great bell in the clock tower on the eastern end of the Houses of Parliament in London. The booming 13.5-ton bell first rang out in 1859

14、.Westminster AbbeynWestminster Abbey is the best-known church in England. It was begun in 1245 for King Henry III, and the French Gothic influence can be seen in the flying buttresses and the window tracery in particular. It comprises the main church plus chapels, cloister, chapter house, and towers

15、. Westminster AbbeynEnglish monarchs since William the Conqueror in 1066 have been crowned in the abbey, and many from Edwards time until 1760 (George II) are buried in its chapels. The tombs of the poet Chaucer, the physicist Newton, and the naturalist Darwin are located in the main church of the a

16、bbey. The abbey also contains monuments to political figures and literary personages, such as Shakespeare. Saint Pauls CathedralnSaint Pauls Cathedral was built by British architect Sir Christopher Wren and is a universally known landmark of the city. The interior of Saint Pauls Cathedral contains m

17、any sculptures;雕刻, paintings, murals壁画, and other artworks executed by various artists. Saint Pauls CathedralnAfter the great London fire of 1666 destroyed the old Saint Pauls, the city commissioned Wren to design a replacement. Wren drew from the baroque style then popular in France and Italy. The

18、facade 正面of Wrens Saint Pauls resembles the east front of the Louvre art museum in Paris, France, while the central dome recalls the baroque 巴洛克grandeur庄严 of the dome of St. Peters in Rome, Italy.Trafalgar SquarenTrafalgar Square, public square in central London that commemorates 纪念the victory of Br

19、itish naval commander Viscount Horatio Nelson at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. The square is surmounted by a stone statue of Nelson in full dress uniform. Trafalgar Square, a popular tourist spot, is often the site of political demonstrations, as well as a traditional location of New Year celebra

20、tions. Covent GardennCovent Garden, theater in London, England, and the square in which it is located. The theater, officially called the Royal Opera House, is the principal London theater for opera and ballet. The first theater to occupy the site opened in 1732 and burned in 1808. The second theate

21、r opened in 1808 and also burned, in 1856. Covent GardennThe Covent Garden square was originally part of a convent vegetable garden; it was laid out as a market in 1632 by English architect Inigo Jones, with neoclassical arcades enclosing stalls in which fruit, vegetables, and flowers were sold. In

22、1974 the stalls were moved to a site near Vauxhall Bridge.Morris DancenMorris Dance is traditional English ceremonial dance. It has been performed for centuries in England and was once an important part of spring rituals. The dancers wear white pants, shirts, and hats, all brightly decorated with be

23、lls, rosettes, and ribbons. The energetic dancing is usually done outside, in the streets of villages. Morris dance was traditionally performed by men but today is performed by women as well. “When a man is tired of London, he is tired of life; for there is in London all that life can afford.” -Samuel Johnson