仁爱版英语中考总复习 八年级下册 Unit 6 语法专项 (共25张PPT)

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1、General review for the senior high school examination 中中考总考总复复习习一、动词不定式1.动词不定式(1)基本构成形式是“ to + 动词原形”，如：to serve , to work , to study(2)有时可以不带to ，叫做“不带to的动词不定式”，如：serve , work ,study(3)否定形式为 not to do 。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能单独做谓语。2、不定式的形式：a . 一般式：所表示的或，如：Im glad to meet you .很高兴见到你。b . 进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动

2、作，如：He pretended to be working hard when mother came in .妈妈进来时，他假装在努力工作。c . 完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，如：She seems to have read the book before .她好像以前读过这本书。3、用法：在句中可以做主语，宾语，表语，状语，和宾语补足语(1)做主语：a、把不定式置于句首。如： To get there by bike will take us half an hour. 骑自行车到那儿要花我们半个小时。b、用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下

3、列句式中。如： Itbe名词to do Its our duty to take good care of the old. 照顾好老人是我们的责任。It takes sb + some time +to do How long did it take you to finish the work? 你完成这项工作花了多长时间?Itbe形容词for sbto do 逻辑主语It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition a quarter of an hour. 对我们来说，在一刻钟内完成这篇作文是困难的。Itbe形容词of s

4、bto do “It is stupid of you to write down everything”， the teacher says. 老师说:“你太笨了，什么都记下来。”注意：在中，常用表示客观情况的形容词，如：difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary 等；在中，常用careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise等 表示赞扬或批评的词，强调对人的评价。在不定式前的sb，可看作其逻辑主语。这一

5、句式有时相当于sb is形容词to do句式 ，如：Its kind of you to help me with my English.=You are kind to help me with my English.你帮助我学英语真是太好了。It seems(appears)形容词to do It seemed impossible to save money. 省钱似乎是不可能的。c、带疑问词的不定式短语作主语How to solve the problem is hard for him. 如何解决这个问题对他来说很难。(2)做宾语：一般跟在谓语动词后面。begin, try, nee

6、d, plan, forget, decide, agree, like 等后面常接动词不定式做宾语。 (3)做表语：常用来表示预定要发生的动作，一般跟在be 动词之后eg: Your task is to find out the cost by bus.你的任务是查出乘公共汽车的费用。(4)做定语：可以用来修饰人和物，放在被修饰词后面。eg: The best way to get there is by bus.去那儿最好的方法是乘公共汽车。She wants a big house to live in.她想要一所大房子住。(5)做状语：多表目的，结果，原因eg: They organ

7、ized a show to raise money.(目的状语)他们组织了一场演出来筹集资金。Im very pleased to hear the good news.(原因状语)听到这个好消息我很高兴。He returned home to find his wife waiting for him.(结果状语)他回到家，发现妻子在等他。(6)做宾语补足语：“动词+宾语+ to do” 动词ask, tell, invite, allow, wish等后面多接不定式做宾语补足语，其中make, let, have等使役动词和see, watch, notice, feel, hear等感

8、官动词后面接不带to 的不定式做宾语补足语eg：I hear him sing in the next room.He asked me to help him.我听见他在隔壁房间唱歌。他请我帮助他。(7)动词不定式可与疑问词how, what, which, where, when等连用eg: I dont know what to do. 二、时间状语从句时间状语从句引导词有when, while, as , as soon as , after, before, till，until等。when, while ，as引导的时间状语从句：当时候通常指时间点，有时也可指一段时间，表示主句和从

9、句的动作或状态同时发生，谓语动词可用瞬时动词或持续性动词；只表示一段时间，因此while 引导的从句的谓语动词要用持续性动词，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。While the students were talking in the classroom , the teacher came in. 学生在教室里谈话时，老师进来了。当when引导的从句指一段时间时，when和while可以互换。as 引导的时间状语从句as 多用于口语， 强调同一时间，或一前一后。往往可以与when，while互换，它通常表示动作发生的过程而不是状态，着重主句和从句的动作同时发生，有“随着”或“一边一边”之意 e

10、g: Mother always sings as she cooks dinner for us. 妈妈总是边给我们做饭边唱歌。 We always sing as we walk. 我们总是边走边唱。Id like you to meet him when he arrives.我想让你在他到达时去见他。When/While/As we were dancing, a stranger came in.我们正在跳舞时，一个陌生人进来了。 before , after 引导的时间状语从句引导时间状语从句，意为“在之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前引导时间状语从句，意为“在之后”，表示

11、主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。e.g. I went to sleep after I finished my homework.我做完作业后就去睡觉了。= I finished my homework before I went to sleep. 我在睡觉前完成了作业。until, till 引导的时间状语从句：意为“直到”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前，当主句的谓语动词是持续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式，当主句的谓语动词是短暂性动词时，主句常用否定形式notuntil 直到才 直到为止eg: You may stay here till/until the rain stops.你

12、可以呆在这里直到雨停。He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework.他直到做完作业才去睡觉。I wont leave here until the rain stops. 直到雨停我才会离开这里。He didnt sleep until his mother came back home. 直到他妈妈回来他才睡觉。as soon as 引导时间状语从句：一就 表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生eg：Ill tell him about it as soon as he comes back.他一回来我就告诉他这件事。As soon

13、as the bell rings , the students will go into the classroom. 铃一响，学生们就会走进教室。时间状语从句的时态：主将从现，主过从过，主现从句可用任意时态(1)当主句为一般过去时时，从句常用过去的某种时态。 While I was doing my homework , the telephone rang.当我正在做作业时，电话响了。(2)当主句的时态为一般将来时， 从句用一般现在时。 I will call you as soon as I get to Beijing. 我一到北京就给你打电话。三、条件状语从句例句：If peopl

14、e obey the traffic rules, there will be fewer accidents. 如果人们遵守交通规则，事故就会少一些。If we break the traffic rules, we will get a fine and even be in danger.如果我们违反交通规则，我们将会被罚款，甚至处于危险之中。If you dont ride carefully, an accident may happen to you.如果你不小心骑车，你可能会出事。If you ride on the street, you must be careful.如果你

15、在街上骑车，你必须小心。If an accident happens，you may get hurt.如果发生事故，你可能会受伤。If we ride at night, we should have lights on the bicycle or wear light-colored clothes.如果我们在晚上骑车，我们应该在自行车上有灯或穿浅色的衣服。注意：条件状语从句同时间状语从句一样，谓语动词常用一般现在时表示将来。e.g. it doesnt rain tomorrow, well go to the park.如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。He wont be able to catch up with us he runs faster.除非他跑快点，否则他赶不上我们。 Thank youThank you！