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1、Non-restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句contents1. 限制性定从与非限制性定从的区别限制性定从与非限制性定从的区别1). 意思意思2). 引导词引导词3). 关系代词的省略关系代词的省略4). 先行词先行词5). 不定代词不定代词/数词数词+of which/whom 结构结构2. 限制性定从和非限制性定从小结限制性定从和非限制性定从小结3. 练习练习请把我桌子上的书递给我。请把我桌子上的书递给我。Translate:Please pass me the book which/that is on my desk.Please
2、 pass me my Chinese book, which is on my desk.请把我的语文书递给我，它在我桌子请把我的语文书递给我，它在我桌子上。上。非限制性定语从句是对先行词的非限制性定语从句是对先行词的附加说明附加说明，去掉去掉之后，意思之后，意思明确明确，与主句通常用，与主句通常用 “，”隔开，把非限制性定语从句放在句子中，其隔开，把非限制性定语从句放在句子中，其前后都需要用逗号隔开。前后都需要用逗号隔开。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉去掉之后，主句意思之后，主句意思不明确不明确。先行词不唯一，先行词不唯一，缩小范围，限缩小
3、范围，限定。定。先行词唯一，没必要限先行词唯一，没必要限定，为附加说明。定，为附加说明。1. 限制性定从和非限制性定从的区分限制性定从和非限制性定从的区分I love my girlfriend, who is beautiful.I love my girlfriend who is beautiful.I love China, which is a great country.I love China which is a great country.Which one is reasonable(合理合理的的)?1). 意思不同意思不同限制性定从限制性定从关代关代: that, whi
4、ch, who, whom, as 关副关副: when, where, why =介词+which关形关形: whose = of which, of whom2). 引导词不同引导词不同_非限制性定从非限制性定从关代关代: that, which, who, whom, as 关副关副: when, where, why =介词+which关形关形: whose = of which, of whomfor whichThe car, which I bought last year, does not work. The car, I bought last year, does not
5、 work. The car I bought last year does not work.The car which/that I bought last year does not work.3). 先行词的省略不同先行词的省略不同限制性定从中，关系词作宾语，限制性定从中，关系词作宾语，可省略可省略。非限制性定从中，关系词作宾语，非限制性定从中，关系词作宾语，也不可省略也不可省略。True or False?Huang Chudong won the first prize in pull-up competition, which surprised us. The Peoples
6、Republic of China has existed(存在) for 70 years, as we all know.4). 先行词不同先行词不同非限制性定从的先行词非限制性定从的先行词可以为可以为整个句整个句子。子。限制性定从的先行词限制性定从的先行词不可为不可为整个句整个句子。子。As we all know, the Peoples Republic of China has existed(存在) for 70 years.Think: 1. 为什么只能用as或which引导？2. 为什么限制性定从的先行词不能为一个句子？2. as或which指代句子时用法有无差别？非限制性定
7、从的先行词为主句时非限制性定从的先行词为主句时, 只可只可用用as 或或which引导定从。引导定从。asas位置位置：可置于主句前、中、后。先行词：先行词：通常为整个主句含义：含义：“正如，如同”_whichwhich位置位置：置于主句之后 先行词先行词：可以是主句中的一个词、主句的部分内容、甚至整个主句含义：含义：“这，那（件事）”as和和which引导非引导非限制性限制性定从的区别：定从的区别：1._ we all know, the earth is round.2. Tom won the competition, _ we had expected.3. Global warmin
8、g, _we all know, has caused a lot of natural disasters.as_4. These apple trees, _ I planted three years ago, have not produced any fruits.5. The lazy boy got the highest score in the test, _ surprised me.6. John passed the exam, _ made his parents very pleased.7. He said that he had never seen her b
9、efore, _is not true. which_The students in our class, many of whom are not bad at Maths, want to improve their Maths. China has 34 provinces, some of which are pretty poor.5). all/some/many./数词等数词等+of which/whom为非限制性定从，限制性定从没有这种结构为非限制性定从，限制性定从没有这种结构aaaaaa区分点区分点限制性定从限制性定从非限制性定从非限制性定从限制程度限制程度句子结构句子结构（
10、区分标志）（区分标志）that的使用的使用which/who/whom在在定定从中作宾语可否省略从中作宾语可否省略whom在从句中作宾语在从句中作宾语可否用可否用that/who代替代替能否修饰句子能否修饰句子2. 限制性定从和非限制性定从限制性定从和非限制性定从去掉意思不明确去掉意思不明确不可省略不可省略as, which引导引导无逗号无逗号不可使用不可使用去掉意思不明确去掉意思不明确可使用可使用有逗号有逗号不可替代不可替代可以省略可以省略可替代可替代不能不能1. Leiyang No.1 High School _was founded in 1902, has a history of
11、117 years.Exercises: Fill the blanks., whichwhich /that3. Leiyang No.1 High School _ I studied for 6 years, has a history of 117 years. 2. The school _ was founded in 1902 has a history of 117 years., where4. The school _ I studied for 6 years has a history of 117 years. where1. I like girls _has bl
12、ack and long hair.Exercises:Fill the blanks.who/that3. I like the girl under the tree _ has black and long hair.2. I like girls _hair is black and long.whose4. I like the girl under the tree _ hair is black and long.,whose, who1. 2019_we took the entrance exam to high school, is an unforgettable yea
13、r for me. Exercises: Fill the blanks.,when3. 2019_ is my lucky year, is an unforgettable year for me.2. The year _ we took the entrance exam to high school is an unforgettable year for me. when4. The year _ is my lucky year is an unforgettable year for me.which/that,which1. Do you know Tom, who we t
14、alked about?True or false.whom3. Tsinghua Universting which is the top university in China attracts a large number of students.2. This book, that you can get at any shop, will give you useful information.which4. The Shenlong Square, plenty of Leiyang local aunties visited, was founded in memory of S
15、hennong.,which,which5. Which we had expected, he did not believe us.True or false.As7. He met President Xi, who is the leader of China.6. He met President Xi, who surprised us.which8. Leiyang No.1 High School, in that I will spend my high school life, lies in Leiyang River.in which /where_HomeworkFinish the exercises on Page48-49 and Page 104.20
中考语法--非限制性定语从句（共21页PPT）
