牛津译林初中英语八年级下unit1 语法现在完成时

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1、Grammar yetrecentlypast adv. 还，仍adv. 近来，最近adj. 过去的Words review To learn the present perfect tenseTo learn the new words and phrases: yet, recently, past, over the past century learn more aboutObjectives 语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语言规则和语法规律。 1. We havent got much

2、tea or coffee, and we havent got any sugar or jam. (新概念1 L79)2. Ive already had my holiday this year. (新概念1 L83)3. Have your mechanics (机修工) finished yet? (新概念1 L87)4. He has always been a good neighbour. (新概念1 L91) 5. I have just arrived in Scotland and Im staying at a Youth Hostel (青年旅社). (新概念1 L1

3、01)6. Have you finished already? (新概念1 L125)7. Eddie, have you seen my food? (P6) Yes, Ive just eaten it. What? Youve eaten my food? Why? 8. Youve changed, Eddie. You used to share food with me! Youve changed too. You used to be so kind to me. (P6) 9. Ive lived here since I was born. (P8)10. Have yo

4、u ever moved house? (P8)11. , my wife and I moved two blocks away and weve lived in this area since then. (P8)12. Has the town changed a lot over the years? (P8)13. Now, the government has turned part of the town centre into a new park. (P8)14. However, most of my old friends have moved away. (P9) t

5、o test your sense of observationto test your ability of short-term memory to test your ability to highlight the language points Guess 1. We _ much tea or coffee, and we _ any sugar or jam. 2. I_ already _ my holiday this year. 3. _ your mechanics _ yet? 4. He _ always _ a good neighbour. 5. I _ just

6、 _ in Scotland and Im staying at a Youth Hostel. 6. _ you _ already? havent gothavent gotve hadHave finishedhas beenhave arrivedHave finished 7. Eddie, _ you _ my food? Yes, I_ just _ it. What? You_ my food? Why? 8. You_, Eddie. You used to share food with me! You_ too. You used to be so kind to me.

7、 9. I_ here since I was born. 10. _ you ever _ house? have seenve eatenve eatenve changedve changedve livedHave moved 11. , my wife and I moved two blocks away and we_ in this area since then. 12. _ the town _ a lot over the years? 13. Now, the government _ part of the town centre into a new park. 1

8、4. However, most of my old friends _ away. ve livedHas changedhas turnedhave moved 1. You work in Luoyang, dont you? Yes. I _ in this city for three years. A. work B. worked C. have worked D. will work2. The book is very thin, but Jack thinks its the best book that he _. A. read B. has read C. will

9、read D. reads 3. Would you like to go and see Despicable Me 2 with me tonight? Id like to, but I _ it twice. A. see B. will see C. have seen D. am seeing 以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，下面就让我们根据之前练习的考察情况进一步选择讲解该语法项的重难点。 现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already, yet, ever, never, just等副词连用。现在完成时的用法He

10、has turned off the light. 他已把灯关了。(动作结束于过去，但说明的是现在的情况灯现在不亮了。) 现在完成时也表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在，并且有可能还会持续下去的动作或状态，常与since, for, so far等时间状语连用。如：I have lived here for more than 20 years. 我在这儿已经住了20多年了。 (动作开始于20多年前，一直延续至今，有可能还要继续下去。) 1. 现在完成时的肯定句句型 主语(第一, 二人称单, 复数)+ have (第三人称复数) + have (第三人称单数) + has + 过去分词e.g

11、.I have finished my homework.He has written six poems. They have seen that film. 现在完成时的构成 2. 现在完成时的否定句句型 主语 + have / has + not + 过去分词 + e.g.I have not seen the movie yet.He hasnt come here yet.hasnt = has nothavent = have not 3. 现在完成时的一般疑问句句型 Have / Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + Yes, 主语 + have / has.No, 主语 + ha

12、ve / has not.e.g.Have you finished the work?Yes, I have. / No, I havent.Has she arrived here?Yes, she has. / No, she hasnt. 规 则 动 词 的 过 去 分 词 的 构 成1.大 多 数 的 动 词 的 过 去 分 词 是 规 则 的 ， 只需 在 动 词 后 加 -ed； 例 如 ： workworked listenlistened jumpjumped visitvisited2.在 以 -e结 尾 的 动 词 后 只 加 -d； 例 如 ： closeclosed

13、likeliked agreeagreed movemoved过去分词的构成 3.在 以 辅 音 字 母 加 y结 尾 的 动 词 ， 应 将 y改 为 i再 加 ed； 例 如 ： studystudied carrycarried trytried worryworried4.以 重 读 闭 音 节 结 尾 的 动 词 ， 要 双 写 末 尾 的 辅 音 字 母 再 加 -ed； 例 如 ： stopstopped dropdropped 不 规 则 动 词 的 过 去 分 词 的 构 成1.有 些 动 词 的 原 形 和 过 去 分 词 相 同 ； 例 如 ： putput hurthu

14、rt becomebecome runrun2.改 变 单 词 中 间 元 音 字 母 ； 例 如 ： sitsat winwon holdheld3.把 单 词 结 尾 的 字 母 d改 为 t； 例 如 ： lendlent spendspent sendsent 还有些动词的过去分词是不规则的，需要特殊记忆。（课本第122-123页）4.以 eep结 尾 的 动 词 ， 把 eep改 为 ept； 例 如 ： keepkept sleepslept 5. 过 去 分 词 以 aught或 ought结 尾 ； 例 如 ： teachtaught buybought 6.以 ay结 尾 的

15、 动 词 ， 把 ay变 成 aid； 例 如 ： saysaid paypaid7.在 原 形 词 尾 加 n或 en； 例 如 ： givegiven eateaten Regular verbs I rregular verbsBase form Past participle Base form Past participlevisit visited hit hitrepair repaired put putlive lived meet metmove moved make madetry tried sell soldstudy studied give givenfit fi

16、tted write writtenplan planned think thought 现在完成时中典型的时间表达 1. borrow _ 2. hope _3. make _ 4. get _5. plan _ 6. cry _7. send _ 8. watch _9. say _ 10. grow _11. hit _ 12. enjoy _ Mr. Wu wants the students to practise using the present perfect tense. Help them write the past participles of the verbs be

17、low. (P 14)A borrowed hopedmade gotplanned criedsent watchedsaid grownhit enjoyed 1. They _ (finish) their homework already.2. John _ never _ (visit) China.3. Mr Li _ (repair) over ten bicycles since Monday.4. We _ (not see) each other for years.5. My parents _ (not come) back yet.6. Our teacher _ (

18、teach) us a lot about the history of China.have finishedhave not comehas taughthave not seenhas repairedhas visited Mr. Wu asks th students to complete the sentences below using the present perfect tense. Help them complete the sentences. (P 14)B M: _ you _ (see) any films recently, Sandy?S: No, I h

19、avent. What about you?M: I _ (see) one last Saturday. S: Whats it about?M: Its about the changes in Beijing over the past century. From this film, I _ (learn) more about Beijings past and present.S: Oh, I think I _ (hear) about the film. Do you plan to see it again.M: Yes, Id like to.Have seensawhav

20、e learnt have heard Millie and Sandy are talking about a film about the history of Beijing. Complete their conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. (P 14)C 请点击 1. _ you ever _ with a group? Yes, I have. A. Did, study B. Are, studying C. Were, studying D. Have, studied2. Lucy, _

21、you _ your ticket? Not yet. A. did; find B. have; found C. has; found D. do; find3. My grandmother _ a lot of changes in Tianjin since she came here. A. sees B. can see C. will see D. has seenI . Multiple choice. 4. My aunt is a writer. She _ more than ten books since 1980. A. writes B. wrote C. has

22、 written D. will write 5. Look at these stamps. I _ them for five years. Wow, they are wonderful. A. kept B. have kept C. have bought 6. Id like to introduce my best friend to you, Peter. Thank you, Lucy. But we _ already. A. meet B. met C. will meet D. have met7. Since 2000, Jingmen has become a ne

23、w city. Everything _. A. is changed B. was changed C. had changed D. has changed 1. I _ (have) dinner. I am full.2. We _ (read) this story.3. They _ (see) the movie.4. She _ (buy) some nice toys.5. Hurry up! Lunch _ already _ (begin).6. We _ (wash) our clothes. Theyre clean now.7. _ he ever _ (ride)

24、 a bike?have had have readhave seenhas bought have washedI I . Fill in the blanks.Has riddenhasbegun 1. Ive already had dinner. (否) I _ _ dinner _.2. He has just finished his homework. (否) He _ _ his homework _.3. Mum has cooked the dinner. (否) Mum _ _ the dinner.4. I have done my homework. (疑) _ yo

25、u done your homework _?5. I have ridden a horse. (疑) _ you _ ridden a horse?havent had yethasnt finished yet hasnt cookedI I I . 将下列句子改为否定句或疑问句。Have yet Have ever I V. Put the following sentences into English.1. 你已经制作好生日贺卡了吗？ _ _ _ making the birthday card _?2. 我已经吃过早饭了，现在一点也不饿。 I _ _ _ breakfast, a

26、nd now I am not hungry at all.3. 你这周日准备做什么？ 还没决定。 What are you going to do this Sunday? I _ _ _. have already eatenHave you finishedyethavent decided yet 4. 你读过哈利波特这本书么？ 是的，我已经读过好多遍了。 _ you _ the book H arry Porter? Yes, I _ _ _ it several times.5. 自从1978年以来，他一直住在这儿。 He _ _ here _ 1978. Have read have already read has lived since Homework1. Review the grammar weve learned today.2. Finish the exercises in Learning English.3. Preview Integrated skills on pages 15-16.