新概念第二册Lesson68(共32页)

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1、 Lesson 68 Persistent psistnt persistent psistnt a. 坚 持 不 懈 的 ,固 执 的 ;持 续 的 ,持 久 的The persistent rain will do harm to his weak knees.He was a persistent thief. persistent adj. 1 ). (人、行为)不屈不挠的，执拗的，顽固的坚持不懈的努力 persistent efforts 他追问到底 He was persistent in his question. 2 ). (事物)持久的，不断的， lasting 持久的，恒久

2、的持续降雨 persistent rain持久性污染物 persistent pollutant persist v. persist in sth. / doing 坚持，执意 . Does he always persist in his opinion like that?他坚持相信自己是对的 He persists in believing that he is right.persistence n. U 坚持不懈，执意，持续 His persistence touches me.他的坚持不懈打动了我。 avoid vid vt. 1. 避开,躲开I avoided him as m

3、uch as possible. 我尽量避开他。 2. 防止 avoid +n./+doingNo one can avoid making mistakes while learning a foreign language. avoid v. 避开，躲避，防止，预防 avoid doing汽车向左拐以防止碰撞。 The car turned to the left to avoid a collision. kln碰撞；冲突尝试防止顶峰时间驾车 Try to avoid driving in rush hours. insist vt. 坚 持 ;坚 决 认 为 ;坚 决 主 张 ;坚 决

4、 要 求 +(that)He insisted that we (should) accept these gifts. vi. 坚 持 ,坚 决 认 为 ;强 调 坚 决 主 张 ;一 定 要(+on/upon)I insist on seeing it. 我 一 定 要 见 到 它 insist v. insist on sth./doing I insist on your coming with us insist that sb should do 坚持要 I insist that you should go with us insist that + 陈述句 坚持认为，坚持说她坚

5、持认为自己是无辜的。 She insisted that she was innocent nsnt 清白的；无害的；无辜的 The Arab insisted that he had never seen the camel 1 insist on 是不及物动词用法,要接名词短语,2 insist (that) 是及物动词用法,要接从句.例句：1John insisted on paying for lunch today.2John insisted that I let him pay for lunch today.3接宾语从句时1坚持认为、坚决主张，宾语从句要用虚拟语气，insist

6、 that sb. (should) do sth.2 ) 坚持说， 宾语从句局部该用什么时态就用什么时态 persist坚 持 不 顾 阻 拦 一 味 的 坚 持 persist in doing sth She persisted in reading his poems. insist坚 持 认 为 ， 说 ， 是 人 的 一种 态 度 insist on doing sth I insisted on calling doctor. persistence n. 坚 持 ， 固 执 ， 顽 固 ；持 续 性 ， 持 久Her persistence and passion have h

7、elped the team to complete the difficult task. 区别 insist on, persist in, stick to, keep on insist on 坚持要求，认为要求，看法，主张意见 persist in 顽强地坚持；执着地做He insisted on playing golf. He persist in practicing golf. stick to 坚持不放弃愿望、原那么、决定、诺言理想 .He promised to help us and he stuck to his word.他容许帮助我们，他没有失信。 Stick t

8、o it！坚持住 keep on 继续 2 . 固定搭配 Its no use doing做某事是没用的 Its no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 Its (not) worth doing be busy doing 3 . 动名词的逻辑主语表达方式 Would you mind opening the window?你能开下窗子吗？ Would you mind my opening the window?你介意我翻开窗子吗？ Fancy her writing a letter like that.真想不到她写了那样一封信。 4 . 现在分词与动名词

9、的比较现在分词 形容词动名词 名词 Stay away from running water. running adj. 流动的flowing，作定语 I enjoy running.running n. 跑步，做宾语 I admire the woman finishing the report.现在分词短语finishing the report 依然是形容词我赞赏“完成报告的那位女士 I admire the womans finishing the report 我赞赏“那位女士完成这份报告 pretend pritend v.1. 佯 装 ;假 装 ;2. (尤 指 孩 子 )(在

10、游 戏 中 )假 扮 ;装 作 pretend to do sth a. 假 装 的 ;假 想 的 prevent privent vt. 防止,预防;阻止;制止;阻碍Who prevents their plans from being carried out? 谁阻止他们的方案不让实施? prevent from doing sth practice :根据所给汉语，按正确形式填空： He _ (坚持) that he does that work alone . The teacher tells us that learning English must be _(坚持的). She

11、tried to _(逃避) answering my questions . She wasnt really crying ; she was only _(假装) . What can we do to _(阻止) the disease spreading ?insists persistent avoid pretending prevent persistent psistnt adj. 坚持的，固执的 avoid vid v. 避开 insist insist v. 坚持做 fancy fnsi v. 想象，梦想 cross kr:s v. 穿过 pretend pritend

12、v. 假装 prevent privent v. 阻止 follow flu v. 跟随 Nigel Dykes naidl daik 尼格尔戴克斯 dentist dentist n. 牙医 Elizabeth ilizb n. 伊莉莎白 Why did Elizabeth cross the street ? questions :What does Nigel always insist on doing ?Why did Elizabeth tell Nigel that she was going to the dentist ? I crossed the street to av

13、oid meeting him, but he saw me and came running towards me.cross v. 穿过 I cross the garden.across adv.&prep. 穿过 I go across the garden.avoid doing sth. 防止They managed to avoid a car crash/crashing their car into the wall.他们设法躲过了一起汽车撞车事故防止了将车撞在墙上。 come running towards sb. 向某人跑过来running towards me是现在分词

14、短语,作状语,修饰came,表示伴随状况. 一样情况如: go swimmingShe ran after the thief shouting out for help.她一边追赶小偷，一边大声喊叫求助。 It was no use pretending that I had not seen him , so I waved to him .wave to sb 向某人招手 It is no use crying over the spilled milk 覆水难收It是形式主语, 真正的主语是动名词短语 pretending that I had not seen him 假装没看到他是

15、没用了It is/was no use doing sth 做某事是无用的It is (of) no use worrying about your family. It is no use punishing him. I never enjoy meeting Nigel Dykes.enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做appreciate sth./doing sth. 喜欢做 He never has anything to do.用不定式做定语, 修饰anything，不定式放在不定代词后面anything to do sth. 任何要做的事anything to eat sth

16、. 可以吃的东西 ； anything to drink 可以喝的东西 No matter how busy you are, he always insists on coming with you.No matter 可以和疑问词how , who , when , where , what 等) 一起引导让步从句，表示“无论。-No matter where you go , you cant forget your home . 无论你到哪里，都无法忘记自己的家。No matter what I say, I seem to say the wrong thing. 无论我说什么，都似

17、乎说得不当。 No matter how old you are, No matter where you are, No matter who you are, No matter how tired you are, your children insisted on listening to stories. insist on doing sth. 坚持做我让他工作之后不管多晚都向我汇报。 I told him to report to me after the job, no matter how late it was. I had to think of a way of pre

18、venting him from following me around all morning.think of a way of doing sth. 想一个做某事的方法 think of a way of solvingprevent sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事, 让某人不做某事stop sb. from doing sth. 让某人不做某事keep sb. from doing sth. 让某人不做某事(保持不做某事)forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事 1 ) think of 想出 2 ) a way of doing做的方法

19、3 ) prevent from doing阻止做 I cant prevent you from going if you want to. 你如果想去，我无法阻止。 I had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around all morning.主：I谓：had to think of 宾：a way 定：of preventing him from following me around all morning整个句子的结构 stop sb. from doing sth. 让某人不做某事 keep sb. f

20、rom doing sth. 让某人不做某事(保持不做某事) forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事 Fancy meeting you here!=Imagine meeting you here! 真想不到会在这见到你! fancyimagine“fance+名词表示惊讶 fancy vt. 设想，想像Fancy Ian not knowing the answer to such an easy question!Fancy writing a letter like that!真想不到写了那样一封信。Fancy her writing a letter like t

21、hat!真想不到她写了那样一封信。 vt. 想要，喜欢往往用于指个人爱好 Its a fine day and I fancy driving down to the coast. Would you mind my coming with you?我跟你一道去行吗？这是一个表示客气请求的结构，my是动名词coming的逻辑主语。我们先来比较一下：Would you mind coming with me? 你跟我走行吗？翻译；Would you mind opening the window? Would you mind my opening the window? Would you m

22、ind opening the window?你介意把窗户翻开吗？Would you mind my opening the window?你介意我把窗户翻开吗？(有了my 后,后面的opening的逻辑主语就是my了.) “Would/Do you mind +动名词/if引导的从句用来表示客气的请求或征求意见，1表示同意/不介意时，用“No, not at all或“Certainly not答复；2不同意时往往用一些委婉的说法，如“Im sorry, but等答复，不用“yes, I so。 Would you mind if I open the windows? Certainly

23、not. /Sorry, but its cold here.mind (sbs) +doing sth. 介意某人做某事 7. Youre not busy doing anything, are you?反意疑问句的答复, 根据事实答复例句John was angry, wasnt he?约翰生气了，不是吗？肯定式+否认式He hasnt left, has he?他没走，是吗？否认式+肯定式I can see him, cant I?我可以见他，不是吗？情态助动词作助动词You like it, dont you?你喜欢它，不是吗？没有助动词时加do be busy doing sth.

24、 忙着做升调表示说话者有疑问需要对方解答 。降调表示说话者预测对方会表示赞同。 1.I _ the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and came running _ me. 2.It was no use pretending that I had not seen him, _I waved to him. 3.He _ has anything to do. 4.No matter _busy you are, he always insists on _with you. 5.I was just wondering how to

25、 _ the morning - until I saw you. 6.Not at all, I lied, but Im going to the _.7.Theres always plenty to read in the _ room! 画 出 课 文 中 所 有 以 -ing结 尾 的动 词 动 名 词 复 合 结 构 ： 由 名 词 所 有 格 或 物 主代 词 与 动 名 词 构 成动 名 词 复 合 结 构 多 作 主 语 或 宾 语 , 作 主语 时 必 须 是 所 有 格 (名 词 所 有 格 , 形 容 词性 物 主 代 词 ), 但 作 宾 语 时 可 以 用 所 有

26、 格 , 也 可 用 普 通 格 (人 称 代 词 宾 格 ) avoid doing sth 防 止 做 某 事 enjoy doing sth 喜 欢 做 某 事 insist on doing sth 坚 持 做 某 事 prevent sb from doing sth 阻 止 做 某 事 fancy doing sth 想 象 做 某 事 be busy doing sth 忙 于 做 某 事 mind doing sth 介 意 做 某 事 finish doing sth 完 成 做 某 事 只能接doing做宾语 的动词： suggest , avoid , complete

27、, feel like , finish , find , practise , escape from , delay , prefer to , give up , admire , enjoy , mind , miss , keep , forgive , admit , deny , consider , be busy , fancy , imagine , require , 只能接to do 的动词： want, would like , ask , tell , order , hope , wish , advise , promise , decide , expect

28、, refuse , offer , pretend , fail , help, afford , allow , plan , intend , happen , invite , remind , prepare , agree , determine , learn , manage, encourage ,punish , warn sb not to do , 既可以接to do , 又可以接doing 的动词： stop , forget , remember , hate , like ,love , prefer , begin ,start , try ,continue

29、, mean , regret , need , go on , be afraid No one enjoys _ at. A laughing B to laugh C being laughed D to be laughed You must do something to prevent your house _. A to be broken in B from being broken in C to break in D from breaking in They insist on _ another chance to try . A given B giving C be

30、ing given D to be given It took the workmen only two hours to finish _ my car . A repairing B repair C to repair D repaired Jack said that he wouldnt mind _ for us. A to wait B wait C waiting D waited No one can avoid _ by advertisements . A to be influenced B being influenced C influencing D having

31、 influenced Hes very busy _ his papers . He is far too busy _ callers . A to write , to receive B writing , to write C writing , receiving D to write , for receiving 动名词的一些用法I like watching TV.我喜欢看电视。一般行为Id like to watch TV.我现在想看电视。特定The strap needs mending.这提包带需要修理。动名词在这里有被动的含义 2有些动词后可以用动名词作宾语，但不能用

32、不定式。这些动词包括 avoid, admit, deny, fancy, finish, enjoy, mind在乎，在意, suggest, stand容忍等： I tried to avoid meeting him.我试图避开他。 I never enjoy meeting Nigel Dykes.我就怕遇到奈杰尔戴克斯。 I havent finished speaking yet.我还没有说完。 3有些结构通常要接动名词，如 busy, worth, it is no/little use, bored with, interested in, insist on, prevent

33、from等： Im busy making meat pies.我正忙着做肉馅饼。 A Lancaster bomber in reasonable condition is worth rescuing.一架状况尚好的兰开斯特轰炸机值得抢救。He insisted on paying.他坚持要付钱。 Im interested in acting.我对表演感兴趣。 4动名词可以有自己的逻辑主语即动作执行者，而不是句子的主语： He insisted on my paying the bill.他坚持要我付账。 I dont think the children enjoy your/his/

34、Johns singing.我不认为孩子们喜欢你他约翰唱的Please excuse his not writing to you.请原谅他没有给你写信。 Do you mind my smoking?我可以抽烟吗？ Do you mind opening/my opening the door?你我可以开门吗？ 5come和go之后可以跟与户外活动相关的动名词climbing, driving, fishing, riding, shopping, walking等，表示建议、邀请或叙事： Why dont we go swimming?为什么我们不去游泳呢？ Come dancing th

35、is evening.今晚来跳舞吧。 Yesterday we went fishing.昨天我们去钓鱼了。 I watched him climb/climbing the tree.我看到他爬树了。区别不大 6感知动词hear, see, feel, watch等后面既可以跟宾语加分词结构，也可以跟宾语加不带to的不定式。现在分词往往强调动作正在发生，用于表达中时使人身临其境；不定式那么可以表示动作发生了或过程结束了。有时它们之间的区别不大，可以互相替换使用。试比较： I watched him climb/climbing the tree.我看到他爬树了。区别不大 我穿过马路以便避开他

36、，但他看到我并朝我跑过来。假设再装作没看见他已是没有用了，我只好向他招手。我就怕遇到奈杰尔.戴克斯。他从来都是无事可做，不管你多忙，他总是坚持要跟你去。我得想方法不让他整个上午缠着我。“你好，奈杰尔，想不到在这儿见到你。我说。“你好，伊丽莎白，奈杰尔答复说，“我正不知道怎么消磨这一上午呢，正好见到好。你不忙，是吗?“不，不忙，我打算去.我答复。“我跟你一道去行吗?没等我说完话他就问道。“没关系，但我准备去牙医那里。我说了个谎。“那我也跟你去，候诊室里总有很多东西可供阅读!他答复。 词汇学习 word study 1fancy vt.1设想，想像： fancy meeting you here!

37、想不到在这儿见到你！ fancy ian not knowing the answer to such an easy question!真想不到伊恩竟会不知道如何答复这样一个简单的问题！ 2想要，喜欢往往用于指个人爱好： i dont fancy going for a walk in the rain.我不爱在雨中散步。 its a fine day and i fancy driving down to the coast.天气真好，我想开车去海边。 2insist vt.,vi.1坚持，坚决认为：he insisted that he was right.他坚持他是对的。he insi

38、sts on the importance of the meeting.他强调这个会议的重要性。2坚决主张要求，一定要：i insist on speaking to the manager.我坚决要求一定要与经理谈话。my wife insists that i (should) have my hair cut.我妻子执意要我理发。 1关键句型练习答案c (sample sentences)1 its no use trying to reason with him.2 lets go swimming.3 forgive my interrupting you.4 do you deny having taken/taking the money? 5 he came rushing towards me.6 im busy writing letters. 7 i always enjoy going to the cinema. 8 would you mind closing the door, please? 2多项选择题答案1 b 2 b 3 c 4 d 5 b 6 b7 b 8 c 9 c 1 0 c 1 1 a 1 2 a