河南省许昌市市一高2020届高三英语预测卷三【含解析】

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1、河南省许昌市市一高2021届高三英语预测卷（三）（含解析）第二部分 阅读理解(共两节， 满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A B.C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AOur new childcare location in Scheveningen!The center is surrounded by numerous international institutes and embassies and is conveniently located just 10 minues from The Hague city center. You

2、can easily pick up and drop off your child thanks to the many parking spaces close to the entrance.Our servicesBig Ben Kids provides day care, preschool care and afer-school care. Our activity progamme includes language lessons, violin lessons, guitar lessons and much more. Activites are held indoor

3、s, but can also be external, such as swimming in the river, and field trips to the woods. Children learn dancing, making music, and the native language-Dutch! They learn through play. Our curriculum is carefully designed in such a way that the children dont even notice how much they learrn each day.

4、 For them, its all about playing and having fun!What does Big Ben Kids offer your family?Homelike environmentA warm and stimulating(趣味盎然的) atmosphere that allows children to grow and develop safely.A truly international placeOur staff members come from all over the world, just like the families we s

5、erve. We are therefore acutely aware that our centers should be much more than places that simply care for children. We always go the extra mile to help families and try to bring everyone together to form a friendly international community .Healthy mealsAt Big Ben Kids, we serve two warm, healthy ,h

6、omemade meals each day. The snacks are nutritious as well, with lots of fruit and vegetables.Parents receive our menu every week in advance.1. Where does the center probably lie?A. Germany.B. France.C. Holland.D. Sweden.2. Who is the center mainly intended for?A. Foreign children.B. Preschool childr

7、en.C. Native children.D. Athletic children.3. What are parents aware of about their children ahead of time?A. What activities their children join.B. What meals their children are served.C. How their children perform in class.D. Whether their children finish homework.【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介

8、绍了Scheveningen新开了一家托儿所以及该托儿所提供的一系列服务。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Children learn dancing,making music,and the native language-Dutch!”可知学生们在托管中心要学习本土语荷兰语，可以判断这个中心很可能位于荷兰。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Our staff members come from all over the world,just like the families we serve”可知这个儿童托管中心主要是针对生活在本市的外国孩子开办的。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。

9、根据“Parents receive our menu every week in advance”可知，父母可以提前收到孩子们的菜单，由此可见父母对于孩子们在托管中心吃什么是非常清楚的。故选B项。BBefore my daughter, Evelyn, was born, I eagerly expected her first year of life. I imagined celebrating every milestone - bonding with her as a newborn, seeing her smile for the first time, hearing he

10、r say her first word. 1 didnt think of feeding tubes, long hospital stays or an organ transplant( 移植). For Evelyn, the first year included all and more.Evelyn came into this world at just 34 weeks, weighing less than 3 pounds. Genetic testing revealed she had Alagille syndrome, a genetic disorder th

11、at can damage the liver(肝脏),heart and other organs. Soon, we received the news that baby Evelyn needed a liver transplant. Our family moved nearer to UPMC Childrens Hospial of Pittsburgh so that we were closer if a liver was available for Evelyn.When Evelyn was added to the organ donation wait list,

12、 I was under the liver allocation policy in place at that time,which was map-based. This policy lacks any special consideration for transplant candidates.We were told it would likely take three months. Just then, a new policy for liver allocation was tried out.Under the new system, the sickest child

13、 patients get first priority(优先).The new policy was only in effect for a litle over a week, but in that period, Evelyn received her liver transplant. Had it been just one week earler or later, we would not have received the call.As Evelyn recovers from her transplant, we are grateful for the change.

14、I am also sad, because the new policy was short-lived. That means another mom like me might not receive that phone call with good news.Other children should have the same opportunity as Evelyn to live healthy, happy lives. When it comes to liver transplant policy, we can and must do better for child

15、ren.4. What probably happened to Evelyn shorly after she was born?A. She failed to give a smile.B. She had a serious liver failure.C. She said her first word quickly.D. She suffered from a heart attack.5. Why did the authors family move nearer to the hospital?A. To save time.B. To have money.C. To s

16、ee a doctor.D. To get first priority.6. What does the author mean by the underlined sentence?A. Evelyn is healthy now.B. They waited too long.C. They were one week earlier.D. Her daughter is fortunate.7. What does the author want to express in the last pargraph?A. We must guarantee kids have healthy

17、 livers.B. Kids should have chances of a liver transplant.C. The sickest kids should get liver transplants first.D. The old policy lacks special consideration for kids.【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了新生儿Evelyn患了肝衰竭并幸运接收到新政策的帮助。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Genetic testing revealed she had Alagille syndro

18、me, a genetic disorder that can damage the liver,heart and other organs.”可知作者的女儿根据基因测试，显示她得了一种遗传疾病，会损害肝脏,心脏和其他器官，因此推测她患了严重的肝衰竭。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Our family moved nearer to UPMC Childrens Hospial of Pittsburgh so that we were closer if a liver was available for Evelyn.”可知作者一家搬到了离匹兹堡的UPMC儿童医院更近的地

19、方，这样如果Evelyn有可获取移植的肝脏，就能更近一些以节约时间。故选择A项。【6题详解】句意猜测题。画线句的意思是“如果只是一周或更晚，我们就不会接到电话了”，根据前一句“The new policy was only in effect for a litle over a week, but in that period, Evelyn received her liver transplant.”可知该政策只持续很短的时间，但是伊芙琳赶上了这次机会做移植手术，所以伊芙琳很幸运。故选D项。【7题详解】判断推理题。最后一段作者认为其他孩子应该有和伊芙琳一样的机会过健康快乐的生活，当谈到肝

20、移植政策时，我们可以而且必须为儿童做得更好。然后根据倒数第二段作者希望每个像伊芙琳病重的孩子都可以获得治疗的机会，所以推测作者希望病情最严重的孩子应该首先接受肝脏移植。故选C项。CIn a new study, researchers analyzed information from more than 18 ,000 people who provided blood samples.Participants reported whether they exercised regularly，and if 80, what type of exercises they typically

21、did. The researchers hen scanned participants blood, looking for genes(基因) that are tied to an increased risk of obesity(肥胖). Next, the researchers examined whether certain exercises seemed to balance this risk.Overall, people who reported doing any type of regular exercises tended to have a lower B

22、MI(体重指数) than those who didnt. This was true even among people who were genetically easy to become overweight. But one exercise stood out as the one with the strongest anti-obesity effcet: jogging. Partitipants with obesity genes who jogged tended to have a lower BMI than people with similar genetic

23、 risk who did not jog.But for those who loathe jogging, fear not: Five other types of exercises were also tied to a lower BMI among individuals at risk for obesity. These included mountain climbing, balloo dancing and walking. The benefits of these exercises were the biggest among those with the gre

24、atest genetie risk of obesity.Interestingly,several other types of exercises failed to counteract the genetic risk of obesity. These included cycling,stretching exercises and swimming. The findings dont mean that these latter exercises cant help with weight control. Its just that they didnt seem to

25、counteract the genetic tendency to gain weight.There could be several reasons for this. The researchers noted that, for the average Joe or Jane, cylcing and stretching exercises tend to require less energy than the exercises that were tied to a lower obesity risk. In addition, exercising in water, a

26、s happens with swimming, may increase appetite.8. What does the underlined word loathe in the third paragraph mean?A. Dislike.B. Display.C. Disturb.D. Discourage.9. Which exercise has the least effect on balancing obesity genes?A. Mountain climbing.B. Ballroom dancing.C. Running slowly.D. Riding a b

27、icycle.10. What does the author indicate in the last paragraph?A. Swimming doesnt help one lose weight.B. Diving may make a person eat more food.C. Average people put less energy into exercises.D. Stretching exercises will become popular.11. Which of the following is the best title?A. Jogging Less L

28、eads to Genetic ObesityB. Regular Exercises Tend to Lower BMIC. Whether Exercises Balance Risks of Obesity GenesD. Genes Are Very important for Peoples Weight Control【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过实验来说明运动是否可以减少与基因相关的肥胖风险。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段可知携带肥胖基因的慢跑者的身体质量指数(BMI)要低于有类似基因风险的不慢跑者。然后根据第三段可知下面讲

29、的是那些不喜欢慢跑的人可以通过其他5种方式进行减肥。所以划线词的意思推测应该是不喜欢。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Interestingly,several other types of exercises failed to counteract the genetic risk of obesity. These included cycling,stretching exercises and swimming.”可知其他几种运动方式都无法抵消肥胖的遗传风险。这些运动包括骑自行车、伸展运动和游泳。所以骑自行车对平衡肥胖基因影响最小。故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根

30、据最后一段“In addition,exercising in water, as happens with swimming, may increase appetite.”可知在水中运动，就像游泳一样，可以增加食欲。所以潜水可能让人增加食量。故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。本文通过实验主要讲述了几种运动是否可以平衡肥胖基因的风险问题，所以最佳的标题应该是C项。故选C项。DKar-go is the invention of the United Kingdom-based Academy of Robotics, which describes it as”Europes first

31、road-worthy autonomous delivery vehicle.Using AI, this autonomous delivery vehicle offers customers an app-similar to one used when ordering a taxi- allowing them to choose when and where their packages are delivered. Cormpanies like Tesla and Amazon have invested heavily in autonomous vehicles, whi

32、ch have the potential to create a sea of changes in business and society.Resembling something like a green egg on wheels, Kar-gos aim is to reduce the cost of whats known as the last mile delivery challenge . This is the final stage of your online packages journey ,from a local warehouse to your fro

33、nt door. Labor costs, paying drivers, the cost of fuel and the vehicle costs for maintaining small vehicles all contribute to making this the most expensive part of the delivery process. The first part of the packages journey is far cheaper, with high volumes of packages being transported to and fro

34、m the same location. However, at the other end, drivers deliver smaller shipments to several different locations where the recipient may not even be available to collect.With the latest AI technology, Kar-go will deliver goods safely ,sustainably and in style. The AI vehicle uses special technology

35、to become an expert on its own individual route, learning from past experiences in order to help itself deal with new future obstacles(障碍物)on the road. Kar-go also has its very own internal sorting system, allowing the vehicle transport packages in the correct order for delivery.By 2030，the Society

36、of Motor Manufacturers and Traders predicts the autonomous market could add $ 62 billion in economic growth in the UK, creating more than 420,000 new jobs. Eletric, self-driving, economic and capable of working 24/7，Kar-go promises to reduce the last mile delivery cost by up to 90%，providing an effi

37、cient solution to the rapidly-expanding online retail(零售) market.12. From the first paragraph we know Kar-go_.A. is an app used to order a taxiB. is Europes first autonomous vehicleC. has created great changes in business and societyD. transports goods at customers convenience13. What does Paragraph

38、 2 mainly tell us?A. How Kar-go delivers the goods.B. What challenges Kar-go may face.C. How the drivers reduce delivery cost.D. Why the last mile delivery is expensive.14. What is the advantage of the AI technology used by Kar-go?A. It has an advanced internal sorting system.B. It enables vehicles

39、to work more efficiently.C. It makes a driver become an expert in traffic.D. It helps people clean new obstacle on the road.15. What influence does Kar-go have on the UK?A. It will create over 420 0000 jobs for drivers.B. It will reduce the delivery cost by up to 90%”C. It may contribute to the grow

40、th of online business.D. It may make the UK lead in the autonomous market.【答案】12. D 13. D 14. B 15. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款新发明Kar-go，它可能会有效减少最后一公里运输的成本，带来线上零售的增长。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Using AI, this autonomous delivery vehicle offers customers an app-similar to one used when ordering a taxi- allowing them

41、 to choose when and where their packages are delivered.”可知利用人工智能，这款自动送货车为顾客提供了一个应用程序，类似于订购出租车时使用的应用程序，允许他们选择包裹何时何地送达。所以这个发明是一款给客户带来方便的交通工具。故选D项。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段内容可知劳动力成本、支付司机的费用、燃料成本和维护小型车辆的车辆成本，都使得这成为交付过程中最昂贵的部分。所以第二段主要是描述为什么最后一英里的运输如此昂贵。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Kar-go also has its very own intern

42、al sorting system, allowing the vehicle transport packages in the correct order for delivery.”,可知Kar-go也有自己的内部分拣系统，允许车辆按照正确的顺序运送包裹，所以它可以让交通工具更加高效。故选C项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Kar-go promises to reduce the last mile delivery cost by up to 90%，providing an efficient solution to the rapidly-expanding onlin

43、e retail market.”可知Kar-go承诺降低最后一英里交付成本90%,为在线零售市场提供一个有效的解决方案。所以它可能会推动在线交易的增长。第二节(共5 小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Its not always easy to run an energy efficient house. But there are some simple things anyone can do.Go LED with your lighting.There are sevenal benefis to swit

44、ching to energy efficient light bulbs. One of them is saving money- though the LED bulbs might cost more than traditional bulbs, the average saving on LED bulbs is $ 75a year._ _16_LED bulbs can last years or even decades.Dont run your air conditioner constantlyAs the weather starts to warm, you mig

45、ht be thinking about the right time to turrn on your air conditioner. _ _17_Air conditioner units are among the most energy-consuming appliances in your home. Using electrical fans instead of your air conditioner is much more efficient and its a big money saver, too._18_On those days when you treat

46、a large crowd and are low on time，dont beat yourself up if you have to use disposable(一次性的) dishware. This method reduces your water usage and saves energy. And as a bonus, if your city offers roadside recycling, your paper plates may qualify.Update your insulation(隔热)All that work youre doing to sa

47、ve energy in your home could go to waste if its not properly insulated. If you cant insulate the whole house, pay special attention to the roof: it reduces air flow from outide. By updating your insulation,youre saving money._19_Take showers instead of bathsA full bathtub requires about 70 gallons o

48、f waler._20_Showers are quite dfferent-taking a five-minute shower uses only 10 to 25 gallons!A. But do you really have to?B. You should use your air conditioner smartly.C. Tum off water when not using it.D. Plus, you neednt change them frequenly.E. Dont feel guilty about using paper plates.F. And i

49、ts also easier to control your home temperature.G. Even if you dont fill it to the top, it still uses much more water.【答案】16. D 17. A 18. E 19. F 20. G【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章叙述了经营一个节能的房子并不总是容易的，但是有些简单的事情任何人都可以做。【16题详解】第一空的前后句都说明了LED灯节能，并且 LED灯泡可以使用几年甚至几十年。所以此空应该说的是LED节能的内容。从D项可知“另外，你不需要经常更换灯泡。”所以D项说明LED节能。故选

50、D项。【17题详解】第二空前一句说明了当天气开始变暖的时候，你可能正在考虑打开空调的正确时间。后面一句说明用电风扇代替空调效率更高，也更省钱。A项意为“但你真的必须这么做吗?”，可以做一个过渡的作用，引出下文提供更节能高效的方法。故选A项。18题详解】本段叙述了使用一次性物品可以减少水的使用，节约能源，该段的标题应该是有关一次性物品的使用以节省资源。所以可以使用E项“不要为使用纸盘而感到内疚”作为标题。故选E项。【19题详解】本段讲述了通过隔热层来减少能量的损耗，减少房屋与外界的热交换，以此达到控制室温的目的。F项隔热层可以更好地控制房屋内的温度，表达的意思放在此处语句通顺，切合文意。故选F项

51、。【20题详解】前一句“A full bathtub requires about 70 gallons of waler.”可知一个满的浴缸大约需要70加仑的水。G项很好的对前一句做了补充说明，即使你不把它灌满，它仍然会消耗更多的水，从生活常识可知泡澡使用的浴缸比淋浴需要消耗更多的水资源。故选G项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节 ,满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5 分,满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A .B.C和D四个选项中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。Bend, a small town in Oregon, is called“moon country. Bef

52、ore the astronauts ever_21_it to the moon, they trained in Bend. When jim Inwin came to Bend for_22_， he made friends with Floyd Watson,a(n) _23_resident,who was the building inspetor for the eity,.Five years later, Inwin was _24_for the Apollo 15 moon landing-the first of three lunar missions that_

53、25_putting a ear on the moon and driving it around the rough _26_When the news that his old friend would go to the moon came to Watons_27_,he chose a piece of lava rock(火山岩) near Devils Lake,_28_it in paper. Then he posted it to Irwin with a letter where he _29_him and made a request. I am sending y

54、ou a _30_piece of Central Oregon lava, which I hope you will be able to_31_ to the moon for me, at the end of his letter he_32_Off went the letter, and Watson thought_33_of it. A few months later,on July 26，1971. Irwin_34_to the moon with David Scott and Alfred Worden. After landing, Irwin spent thr

55、ee days _35_the surface of the moon together with Scott while Worden orbited_36_them.Anda few weeks after their _37_,Watson got an unexpected letter from Irwin. I did carry your piece of lava to the moon and left it there, Irvin wrote-and enclosed(附上) a_38_of it, with the small piece of Oregon lava_

56、39_with an arrow and the words “Oregon lava on the moon! For Watson the letter and the picture were_40_And, of course, he never looked at the moon the same way again.21. A. didB. madeC. tookD. grasped22. A. adventureB. researchC. amusementD. practice23. A. localB. aggressiveC. giftedD. academic24. A

57、. carried outB. picked outC. ruled outD. checked out25. A. involvedB. admittedC. riskedD. advocated26. A. streetB. rockC. roadD. surface27. A. senseB. rescueC. knowledgeD. assistance28. A. envelopedB. measuredC. designedD. transformed29. A. thankedB. welcomedC. congratulatedD. followed30. A. hugeB.

58、valuableC. uniqueD. tiny31. A. flyB. deliverC. orbitD. float32. A. addedB. advisedC. remindedD. concluded33. A. muchB. highlyC. littleD. low34. A. escapedB. rushedC. wanderedD. journeyed35. A. spottingB. discoveringC. exploringD. touching36. A. aboveB. belowC. beyondD. under37. A. arrivalB. returnC.

59、 applicationD. campaign38. A. postcardB. drawingC. photoD. note39. A. equippedB. decoratedC. coveredD. marked40. A. reliableB. preciousC. permanentD. realistic【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. C 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Irv

60、in到月球完成登月任务并帮助朋友完成心愿的故事。【21题详解】考查动词。句意：在宇航员到达月球之前，他们在本德训练。A. did做；B. made达到，成功；C. took带；D. grasped抓住。短语make it 意为“达到预定目标，成功”，本次训练的目的就是为了成功登月。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词。句意：当Inwin来本德练习时，他和当地居民弗洛伊德沃森成了朋友，沃森是本德的建筑顾问。A. adventure冒险；B. research研究；C. amusement娱乐；D. practice练习。Inwin要参加登月计划，所以需要在Bend这个地方进行不断练习。故选D项。【2

61、3题详解】考查形容词。句意：当Inwin来本德练习时，他和当地居民弗洛伊德沃森成了朋友，沃森是本德的建筑顾问。A. local当地的；B. aggressive 侵略性的；C. gifted有天赋的；D. academic学术的。因为是到Bend训练，所以结交的朋友是本地人。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词短语。句意： 五年后，Inwin被选中参加阿波罗15号登月计划。A. carried out进行，开展；B. picked out挑选；C. ruled out排除；D. checked out被检查出。Inwin为了登月计划在此地参加训练，训练结束后被挑选参加登月计划。故选B项。【25题详

62、解】考查动词。句意：这是三次探月任务中的第一次，其中包括将一个工具放在月球上，并驾驶着它在粗糙的表面上行驶。A. involved关联，包含；B. admitted承认；C. risked冒险；D. advocated提倡。登月任务应该是包含后面所描述的两个内容。故选A项。【26题详解】考查名词。句意：这是三次探月任务中的第一次，其中包括将一只耳朵放在月球上，并驾驶着它在粗糙的表面上行驶。A. street大街；B. rock岩石；C. road道路；D. surface表面。登月后宇航员需要驾驶工具在月球的表面行进。故选D项。【27题详解】考查名词。句意：当瓦顿得知他的老朋友要去月球的消息时

63、。A. sense意识；B. rescue援救；C. knowledge知识，知道；D. assistance帮助，援助。这里的knowledge是知道的意思，即know的名词形式。故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词。句意：他选了一块靠近魔鬼湖的熔岩，用纸把它包起来。A. enveloped包围，包住；B. measured测量；C. designed设计；D. transformed转换，转变。由常识可知应该是老朋友把火山岩用纸包住并寄给Inwin。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词。句意：然后他把这封信和一封信寄给了欧文，在信中他向欧文表示祝贺，并提出了一个请求。A. thanked感谢；B. welcomed欢迎；C. congratulated祝贺；D. followed遵循。老朋友获知了Inwin得到了登月的机会而祝贺他。故选C项。【30题详解】考查形容词。句意：我给你寄去一小块俄勒冈中部的熔岩。A. huge巨大的；B. valuable有价值的；C. unique独一无二的；D. tiny微小的。老朋友送给他一小块的火山岩代他送到月球上去，因为是登月要求会很严格，所以带上去的岩石应该是微小的。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词。句意：我希望能够为我把这块火山岩带到月球。A. fly飞翔；B. deliver传递；C. orbit轨道；