浙江省台州市2024届高三英语下学期二模试题[含答案]

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1、台州市2024届高三第二次教学质量评估试题 英语 本试卷共10页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。 2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁

2、。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the woman do next? A. Write a report. B. Shop for a dress C. Check her mailbox. 2. Wh

3、ere does the conversation probably take place? A. In a hotel B. In a hospital C. In the woman’s house. 3 How do the speakers travel into town today? A. By train. B. By car. C. By bus. 4. Who is probably the man? A. A stamp collector. B. A stamp designer. C. A stamp seller. 5. What happen

4、ed to Chris and Laura? A. They just had a baby.B. They got married last week. C. They opened a new restaurant. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the probable r

5、elationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Teacher and student. C. Friends. 7. What does the man plan to do? A. Wash school clothes. B. Check schoolwork. C. Prepare food. 听第7段材料，回答8至10题。 8. When were the speakers supposed to meet? A. At 3: 20 p. m B. At 3: 30 p. m. C. At 3:

6、 40 p. m. 9. Why was the woman late? A. She was busy moving house. B. She couldn’t find anywhere to park. C. She went to the cafe’s previous site. 10. What does the man avoid drinking now? A. Milk.B. Coffee. C. Juice. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. How did the man get injured? A He was hit by

7、a car. B. He fell over in a game. C. He was stepped on by someone. 12. Which part of the man’s body is injured? A. His knee. B. His arm C. His ankle. 13. What will the woman do next? A. Send the man home. B. Tell the man what he should do. C. Ask more about the man’s condition. 听第9段材

8、料，回答第14至17题。 14. Where was the woman when her dog was lost? A. In a garden. B. In a forest. C. In a field 15. Why can’t the woman follow her dog? A. The area is too dangerous. B. The woods are private. C. She has hurt herself. 16. What will the speakers do next? A. Look for the dog in the

9、woods. B. Call someone to help. C. Go to Tina’s house. 17. How does the man sound? A. Grateful. B. Helpful. C. Anxious. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the news mainly about? A. Government policy changes. B. Severe weather impacts. C. Sports event updates. 19. How did the government respon

10、d to the situation? A. It provided temporary shelters. B. It stopped public transportation. C. It organized fund-raising activities. 20. What is the situation of the annual food festival? A. It’s being held as scheduled. B. It has been cancelled. C. It has been delayed. 第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)

11、第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Students to Compete in 34th National Science Bowl Thousands of students from middle and high schools across the country have committed themselves to extra study hours as they prepare to compete in the Department of Energy’s (DOE’

12、s)34th National Science Bowl(NSB). These students are hard at work now to win their regional competitions, hoping to advance to the final competition. The first regional event will take place on January 13th with high schools from the D. C. /Maryland area. Teams will face off in a fast-paced, ques

13、tion-and-answer format, and their knowledge in all areas of science and mathematics will be tested. Regionals will continue weekly until mid-March. The winning team from each qualifying regional competition will be qualified to compete in the National Finals to be held in Washington, D. C. , from

14、April 25-29, 2024, with all expenses paid by DOE. The national event consists of several days of science activities and sightseeing, along with the competitions. In the National Finals, the top two teams will earn $5, 000 for their schools’ math and science departments. Schools ranking in the top

15、16 will receive $1, 000 for their science departments. But to many, the ultimate prize is simply the honor of winning the National Championship. Today, the NSB annually draws more than 10, 000 middle and high school competitors. Since the first competition in 1991, approximately 344, 000 students

16、have faced off in the NSB Finals. The 2024 competitors will follow in the footsteps of previous NSB contestants and will blaze a trail for students in science, math, and engineering. For more information, please visit the Office of Science website. 1. Which word can best describe the regional compe

17、titions? A. Fair. B. Interesting. C. Special. D. Challenging 2. What can we learn about the National Finals? A. The championship victory is highly valued. B. The event only involves fierce competitions. C. Most of the expenses will be covered by DOE. D. The prize money will be awarded to indiv

18、iduals. 3. What is the text? A. A news release. B. A survey report. C. A learning project. D. A scientific review. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是新闻报道。这篇文章报道了即将举行的第34届全国科学碗比赛的相关信息，包括参赛学生的准备情况、区域赛事的日期和形式、全国总决赛的日期和地点、奖项设置等。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The first regional event will take place on J

19、anuary 13th with high schools from the D. C. /Maryland area. Teams will face off in a fast-paced, question-and-answer format, and their knowledge in all areas of science and mathematics will be tested. (第一场地区性活动将于1月13日在华盛顿特区/马里兰地区的高中举行。参赛队伍将以快节奏的问答形式进行对决，他们在所有科学和数学领域的知识都将受到考验)”可知，他们在所有科学和数学领域的知识都将受到

20、考验，所以具有挑战性最能形容地区比赛。故选D项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In the National Finals, the top two teams will earn $5, 000 for their schools’ math and science departments. Schools ranking in the top 16 will receive $1, 000 for their science departments. But to many, the ultimate prize is simply the honor of winnin

21、g the National Championship.(在全国总决赛中，前两名的队伍将为他们学校的数学和科学部门赢得5000美元。排名前16位的学校将获得1000美元的科学系奖励。但对许多人来说，最终的奖励只是赢得全国冠军的荣誉)”可知，全国总决赛冠军的胜利是非常重要的。故选A项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Today, the NSB annually draws more than 10, 000 middle and high school competitors. Since the first competition in 1991, approximately

22、344, 000 students have faced off in the NSB Finals. The 2024 competitors will follow in the footsteps of previous NSB contestants and will blaze a trail for students in science, math, and engineering. For more information, please visit the Office of Science website.(如今，NSB每年吸引超过1万名中学生和高中生参赛。自1991年首届

23、比赛以来，大约有34.4万名学生参加了NSB决赛。2024年的参赛者将跟随以前NSB参赛者的脚步，为科学、数学和工程方面的学生开辟一条道路。欲了解更多信息，请访问科学办公室网站)”以及纵观全文可知，本文报道了即将举行的第34届全国科学碗比赛的相关信息，包括参赛学生的准备情况、区域赛事的日期和形式、全国总决赛的日期和地点、奖项设置等，所以应是一篇新闻稿。故选A项。 B In the early 19th century, New England farmers, tired of wrestling with their poor land, journeyed to the Midwest

24、. In states like Illinois and Iowa, they found rich, black soil. Unfortunately, many soon felt like thirsty sailors in the middle of the ocean—water everywhere but not a drop to drink. They were surrounded by fertile soil, but had to stop every few seconds to remove the sticky dirt off their iron pl

25、ows (犁) with large wooden paddles. This dilemma caught the attention of John Deere, a blacksmith who moved to Illinois in 1836. Deere decided to look into the problem. From his previous work on plows, he knew that dirt was less likely to stick to highly polished metal. That thought was in the back

26、 of his mind when he visited a sawmill (锯木厂) in 1837 and noticed a broken saw made of steel. Deere brought it home and began making a better plow. The plow he wanted would have to cut deep into the soil at a sharp angle so that dirt would fall off, yet it could not put too much burden on the horses

27、pulling it. After several experiments, Deere constructed a new plow that featured wood handles. It proved a success. Unlike the old iron plows, Deere’s not only had a blade from which dirt fell away cleanly, but it also turned the soil more efficiently and quickly. Demand for Deere’s plows increas

28、ed sharply, but production was limited by the shortage of polished steel. Initially, Deere could only produce a few plows each year. However, Deere’s persistence paid off as he sourced cheaper steel from Pittsburgh. Amazingly, in 1857, his company manufactured and sold 10, 000 plows! Deere, a perf

29、ectionist, continually improved his plows, introducing multiple new versions in a single year. While this slowed down his production ability, it ensured Deere a solid reputation among his customers. Deere plows became world famous in the 1870s when they outshone the competition in a demonstration in

30、 France. That same decade, his company built its first riding plow and designed the leaping deer as its trademark. 4. What was the main problem the newly settled farmers met? A. A shortage of fresh water. B. A lack of rich farming land. C. The trouble in handling the soil on plows. D. The difficu

31、lty of growing plants in season. 5. Which aspect of the new plow does paragraph 2 focus on? A. Its unique features. B. Its operating method. C. Its invention process. D. Its working efficiency. 6. The last paragraph is mainly about Deere plows’____. A. wide recognition B. marketing strategy C.

32、 technical standards D. production challenges 7. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. A Famed Farmer B. A Successful Company C. A Sticky Problem D. A Historical Experiment 【答案】4 C 5. C 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了19世纪初期，新英格兰的农民迁移到中西部地区寻找肥沃的土地进行耕作，但遇到了土壤粘附铁犁的问题，

33、铁匠约翰·迪尔发明了一种新犁来解决这一难题。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Unfortunately, many soon felt like thirsty sailors in the middle of the ocean—water everywhere but not a drop to drink. They were surrounded by fertile soil, but had to stop every few seconds to remove the sticky dirt off their iron plows (犁) with large wo

34、oden paddles.(不幸的是，许多人很快就觉得自己像站在海洋中央的口渴的水手——到处都是水，却没有一滴可喝的。他们周围都是肥沃的土壤，但每隔几秒钟就得停下来，用大木桨清除铁犁上的粘性泥土)”可知，新定居的农民遇到的主要问题是处理犁上的泥土很麻烦。故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Deere decided to look into the problem. From his previous work on plows, he knew that dirt was less likely to stick to highly polished metal. That

35、 thought was in the back of his mind when he visited a sawmill (锯木厂) in 1837 and noticed a broken saw made of steel. Deere brought it home and began making a better plow. The plow he wanted would have to cut deep into the soil at a sharp angle so that dirt would fall off, yet it could not put too mu

36、ch burden on the horses pulling it. After several experiments, Deere constructed a new plow that featured wood handles. It proved a success. Unlike the old iron plows, Deere’s not only had a blade from which dirt fell away cleanly, but it also turned the soil more efficiently and quickly.(迪尔决定调查这个问题

37、。从他之前对犁的研究中，他知道泥土不太可能粘在高度抛光的金属上。当他在1837年参观一家锯木厂时，注意到一把断了的钢锯时，这种想法就在他的脑海里。迪尔把它带回家，开始制作更好的犁。他想要的犁必须以一个尖锐的角度深深地切入土壤，这样泥土才能掉下来，但它不能给拉它的马带来太大的负担。经过几次实验，迪尔制造了一种以木柄为特色的新犁。它被证明是成功的。与老式的铁制犁不同，迪尔的犁不仅有一个可以干净地清除泥土的刀片，而且还能更有效、更迅速地翻土)”可知，本段关注的是新犁的发明过程。故选C项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Deere, a perfectionist, continuall

38、y improved his plows, introducing multiple new versions in a single year. While this slowed down his production ability, it ensured Deere a solid reputation among his customers. Deere plows became world famous in the 1870s when they outshone the competition in a demonstration in France. That same de

39、cade, his company built its first riding plow and designed the leaping deer as its trademark.(迪尔是个追求完美的人，他不断改进自己的犁，一年之内就推出了多个新版本。虽然这降低了他的生产能力，但却确保了迪尔在客户中树立了良好的声誉。19世纪70年代，迪尔的犁在法国的一次演示中脱颖而出，从此名扬世界。在同一十年里，他的公司制造了第一辆乘坐式犁，并设计了跳跃的鹿作为其商标)”可知，本段主要讲述了迪尔犁获得广泛的认可。故选A项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“In the early 19th c

40、entury, New England farmers, tired of wrestling with their poor land, journeyed to the Midwest. In states like Illinois and Iowa, they found rich, black soil. Unfortunately, many soon felt like thirsty sailors in the middle of the ocean—water everywhere but not a drop to drink. They were surrounded

41、by fertile soil, but had to stop every few seconds to remove the sticky dirt off their iron plows (犁) with large wooden paddles. This dilemma caught the attention of John Deere, a blacksmith who moved to Illinois in 1836.(19世纪初，新英格兰的农民厌倦了与贫瘠的土地作斗争，来到中西部。在伊利诺斯州和爱荷华州，他们发现了肥沃的黑土。不幸的是，许多人很快就觉得自己像站在海洋中央的

42、口渴的水手——到处都是水，却没有一滴可喝的。他们周围都是肥沃的土壤，但每隔几秒钟就得停下来，用大木桨清除铁犁上的粘性泥土。这种困境引起了1836年搬到伊利诺斯州的铁匠约翰·迪尔的注意)”以及纵观全文可知，本文讲述了19世纪初期，新英格兰的农民迁移到中西部地区寻找肥沃的土地进行耕作，但遇到了土壤粘附铁犁的问题，铁匠约翰·迪尔发明了一种新犁来解决这一难题，所以C项“A Sticky Problem(棘手的问题)”是本文最好的标题。故选C项。 C Five times stronger than steel, spider silk’s unique qualities were recogni

43、zed by the Ancient Greeks—and more recently, scientists have looked at applications from medicine to engineering. Now, a Japanese startup, Spiber, has begun to change the textile industry with this remarkable material. The company started by making a substitute in the lab that is similar to spider

44、 silk in structure. After studying thousands of different spider species and other silk-producing life forms, Spiber successfully produced an alternative to spider silk. This breakthrough was achieved by fermenting (发酵) a mixture of water, sugar, and nutrients with special microbes to produce protei

45、n polymers (聚合物). These polymers are then made into fibers, paving the way for a range of innovative fabrics. However, shifting from lab to practical application presented challenges. In 2015, Spiber partnered with The North Face Japan to produce a limited-edition run of 50 “Moon Parka” jackets to

46、 celebrate the 50th anniversary of the moon landings. But during the design process, the team discovered that spider silk became smaller when exposed to water, and had to transform the protein to make the fiber suitable for an outdoor jacket, which took them four years to perfect. Currently, the c

47、ompany uses sugarcane and corn for its fermentation process—crops that use large volumes of land and change food resources. To reduce its environmental impact, Spiber is developing a process called “biosphere circulation” that will transform deserted clothes made from natural materials like cotton i

48、nto the sugars needed for fermentation. With approximately 100 billion yen ($783 million) in funding, Spiber plans to significantly speed up its production of protein polymers by the end of 2025. “Mass production will help bring the price of fibers down and allow Spiber to expand beyond the high-e

49、nd designer market and thus we have the means to create solutions to enable more circular fashion,” says Higashi, head of business development at Spiber. “It’s our mission to bring those solutions to the world.” 8. What breakthrough did Spiber achieve in the early research? A. It mixed various pro

50、tein polymers. B. It produced a silk making machine. C. It identified different spider species. D. It created a replacement for spider silk. 9. What was the challenge in making the “Moon Parka” jackets? A. High design costs. B. Spider silk’s sensitivity to water. C. Limited raw materials. D. The

51、 partner’s unwillingness to help. 10. What can we know about Spiber’s “biosphere circulation” process? A. It will replace the current fermentation process. B. It will use recycled materials for needed sugars. C. It will promote the development of food industry. D. It will simplify the procedure

52、 of clothing production. 11. What is Spiber’s plan? A. To raise more money for mass production. B. To increase the output of protein polymers. C. To work with other high-end fashion brands. D. To develop a wider range of expensive fibers. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章介

53、绍了一家日本初创公司Spiber如何利用蜘蛛丝这种独特材料来改变纺织业，以及他们在实现这一目标过程中所面临的挑战和取得的进展。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The company started by making a substitute in the lab that is similar to spider silk in structure. After studying thousands of different spider species and other silk-producing life forms, Spiber successfully produc

54、ed an alternative to spider silk.(该公司首先在实验室制造了一种结构类似蜘蛛丝的替代品。在研究了数千种不同的蜘蛛种类和其他产丝的生命形式后，Spiber成功地生产出了蜘蛛丝的替代品)”可知，Spiber在早期研究中创造了蜘蛛丝的替代品。故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“In 2015, Spiber partnered with The North Face Japan to produce a limited-edition run of 50 “Moon Parka” jackets to celebrate the 50th anniv

55、ersary of the moon landings. But during the design process, the team discovered that spider silk became smaller when exposed to water, and had to transform the protein to make the fiber suitable for an outdoor jacket, which took them four years to perfect.(2015年，Spiber与The North Face Japan合作，推出了限量版的

56、50件“Moon Parka”，以庆祝人类登月50周年。但在设计过程中，研究小组发现，蜘蛛丝遇水会变小，他们必须将蛋白质转化为适合户外夹克的纤维，这花了他们四年的时间来完善)”可知，制作“Moon Parka”的挑战是蜘蛛丝对水的敏感性。故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“To reduce its environmental impact, Spiber is developing a process called “biosphere circulation” that will transform deserted clothes made from natura

57、l materials like cotton into the sugars needed for fermentation.(为了减少对环境的影响，Spiber正在开发一种名为“生物圈循环”的工艺，将废弃的衣服(由棉花等天然材料制成)转化为发酵所需的糖)”可知，Spiber的“生物圈循环”过程，将使用回收材料生产所需的糖。故选B项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“With approximately 100 billion yen ($783 million) in funding, Spiber plans to significantly speed up its pr

58、oduction of protein polymers by the end of 2025.(Spiber获得了约1000亿日元(7.83亿美元)的资金，计划在2025年底前大幅加快其蛋白质聚合物的生产速度)”可知，Spiber的计划是增加蛋白质聚合物的产量。故选B项。 D When instant cake mixes first appeared in the 1950s, American housewives were doubtful. These mixes, promising easy cake-baking, felt too easy. The manufactur

59、ers discovered that requiring the addition of an egg in the baking process was just enough to make the housewives happy with their work. The greater sense of effort gained from a little extra labor is believed to have been essential to the later success of the cake mix. This reflects the IKEA effe

60、ct (宜家效应), which is identified by psychologist Michael I. Norton and his colleagues, suggesting we place greater value on things we have worked to create. They conducted four studies in which they asked participants to fold paper cranes and frogs, assemble IKEA boxes, and build sets of Legos. They t

61、hen asked the builders to bid (出价) for their creations, and compared the prices with bids from people who hadn’t built them. The builders consistently outbid the non-builders. Interestingly, the IKEA effect works even when people have no opportunity to fully personalize their creations. While most

62、 participants’ folding skills left much to be desired, they loved their imperfectly personalized products all the more. Builders valued their wrinkled crane-like creations nearly five times as much as non-builders. Beauty, it seems, is in the eye of the builder. Today, as cities are suffering from

63、severe housing crises, the IKEA effect can give us insight into the well-being benefits of a self-building approach to housing development. Projects like WikiHouse and the “half-a-house” approach pioneered by Alejandro Aravena’s architecture company Elemental are working to make housing more afforda

64、ble and sustainable by making it easier for people to build and personalize their own homes. “The moment people are involved with their built environment, they have a totally different relationship to it,” WikiHouse co-founder Alastair Parvin explained. “When the roof starts leaking or a door star

65、ts creaking, they have the power to fix it themselves.” 12. What brought customers the joy of cake-baking according to paragraph 1? A. A better taste. B. An easy approach. C. A detailed recipe. D. An additional effort. 13. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 imply? A. Creations are

66、 based on skills. B. Extra labor increases perceived value. C. Beauty is found through contrast. D. Strict management brings good quality. 14. What is Alastair Parvin’s attitude towards public involvement in housing? A. Critical. B. Objective. C. Doubtful. D. Supportive. 15. What’s the purpose of this text? A. To promote a brand. B. To make a proposal. C. To explain a concept. D. To introduce a study. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。本文通过讨论宜家效应以及几个实验研究的结果，论述了人们更加珍视自己