语法专题突破(十一)动词不定式课件

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1、单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,优秀课件，精彩无限！,*,A Blind Date,“How was your blind date(,初次见面,),？,”,a college student asked her roommate.,“Terrible,！,”,the roommate answered.“He showed up in his 1932 Rolls Royce (,劳斯莱斯,),．,”,“,Wow,！,That's a very expensive car.What's so bad about that,？,”,“,H

2、e was the original (,最初的,) owner.”,A Blind Date,语法专题突破(十一)动词不定式课件,语法专题突破(十一)动词不定式课件,(2011·,南昌一中模拟,)It is silly of me ________all eggs in one basket.That was the worst mistake I've ever made.,A,．,to put,,B,．,to have put,C,．,putting D,．,having put,(2011·南昌一中模拟)It is silly of me,解析：,此题易误选,A,。后句语境提

3、示,,That was the worst mistake,，说明这一动作发生在过去，故应用不定式完成式表示动作已发生。句意：把所有的鸡蛋都放在了一个篮子里，我真是太蠢了。这是我所犯过的最糟糕的一个错误。,答案：,,B,解析：此题易误选A。后句语境提示 That was the,1,．不定式可以作主语，一般表示具体的某次动作。,To do this job well is not easy.,要把这项工作做好并不容易。,2,．不定式作主语时，常用,it,作形式主语，而将作主语的不,定式放在句子后部。,It is exciting to surf the Internet.,上网是件令人兴奋的事

4、。,1．不定式可以作主语，一般表示具体的某次动作。,(2011·,山东重点中学模拟,) ________late in the morning,，,Bob turned off the alarm.,A,．,To sleep,,B,．,Sleeping,C,．,Sleep D,．,Having slept,(2011·山东重点中学模拟) ________late i,解析：,不定式表示目的，所以,A,正确。,sleep late,表示,“,晚起,”,。,答案：,A,解析：不定式表示目的，所以A正确。sleep late 表示,不定式作状语可表示目的、原因、结果等。不定式作目的状语，往

5、往是高考命题的重点。为了加以强调，有时可把不定式放在句首，或其前加,in order,或,so as,。,In order to arrive before dark,，,we started early.,为了在天黑前到达，我们很早就动身了。,(,不定式表示目的,),不定式作状语可表示目的、原因、结果等。不定式作目的状语，往往,I'm pleased to be invited to speak here.,我很高兴被邀请在这里讲话。,(,不定式表示原因,),He is too young to join the army.,他年纪太小，不能参军。,(,不定式表示结果,),I'm pleas

6、ed to be invited to s,[,注意,],不定式所表示的结果通常是未曾料到的、不太好的,结果，而,v,.­ing,表示的结果则强调自然发展的结果。试比较：,I walked all the way from my home to the library,，,only to find it closed.,我从家里一路走到图书馆，不料它已经关门了。,(only to...,表示未曾料到的结果,),Football is played all over the world,，,making it the most popular sport.,世界各地的人们都踢足球，这使它成了最受

7、欢迎的运动。,(making...,强调自然发展的结果,),[注意]　不定式所表示的结果通常是未曾料到的、不太好的,(2010·,山东高考,)I have a lot of readings ________ before the end of this term.,A,．,completing B,．,to complete,C,．,completed D,．,being completed,(2010·山东高考)I have a lot of rea,解析：,考查非谓语动词用法。句意：在这学期结束之前，我还要完成很多阅读。根据题意可知此处表示一个将要发生的动作，故用动词不定

8、式。,答案：,B,解析：考查非谓语动词用法。句意：在这学期结束之前，我还要完成,1,．不定式可用在名词、代词、序数词、,the only,和形容词最,高级等后面作定语。不定式作定语常用来表示将来的动作，而,v,.­ing,形式作定语表示正在进行的或主动的动作，过去分词作定语表示的则是完成的或被动的动作。,1．不定式可用在名词、代词、序数词、the only和形容词,He had no chance to go to school before liberation.,解放前他没有上学的机会。,Have you got anything to do this evening?,今晚你有事吗？,H

9、e had no chance to go to scho,[,注意,],,不定式作定语时常与被它修饰的名词之间有动宾关系。若不定式与该句的主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，则不定式用主动形式；若不定式与该句的主语构不成逻辑上的主谓关系，则不定式用被动形式。,[注意]　不定式作定语时常与被它修饰的名词之间有动宾关系。若,Please give me something nice to eat.(,不用,to be eaten),请给我些好吃的。,—Do you have anything to be typed,，,sir?,先生，你有东西要打印吗？,—No,，,thanks.,没有，谢谢。,(,打印

10、的动作并不是,you,发出的，故不定式用被动形式,),Please give me something nice,(2),在,there be,结构中，当说话人强调的是必须有人去完成某件事时，不定式用主动形式；如果说话人强调的是事情本身必须完成，则用被动形式。,There is a lot of work to do.,有许多活要干。,(Someone has to do the work.),There is a lot of work to be done .,有许多活要干。,(The work has to be done.),(2)在there be 结构中，当说话人强调的是必须有人去

11、,2,．不定式的一般被动式,(to be done),、过去分词,(done),和现,在分词的一般被动式,(being done),作定语的区别：,不定式的一般被动式,(to be done),表被动、将来；过去分词,(done),表被动、完成；现在分词的一般被动式,(being done),表被动、正在进行。,2．不定式的一般被动式(to be done)、过去分词(d,The question to be discussed at tomorrow's meeting is a very important one.,明天在会上将要讨论的问题非常重要。,(,表被动、将来,),Have yo

12、u read the novel written by Dickens?,你读过狄更斯的小说吗？,(,表被动、完成,),Listen! The song being sung is very popular with the students.,听！现在正唱着的这首歌在学生中非常流行。,(,表被动、正在进行,),The question to be discussed a,(2011·,福州三中质检,)It remains________whether Jim'll be fit enough to play in the finals.,A,．,seen,,B,．,to be seen,C,

13、．,seeing D,．,to see,(2011·福州三中质检)It remains_______,解析：,考查非谓语动词。句意：吉姆是否适合参加决赛还有待于观察。,remain,后跟不定式表示,“,尚待,……,”,，而此处表被动故用不定式的被动式。,答案：,B,解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：吉姆是否适合参加决赛还有待于观察,1,．不定式作宾语,不定式一般作动词的宾语，,“,疑问词＋不定式,”,结构还可作介词的宾语。常跟不定式作宾语的动词有,afford,，,agree,，,choose,，,decide,，,demand,，,expect,，,fail,，,hope,，,manag

14、e,，,offer,，,plan,，,pretend,，,promise,，,refuse,，,want,，,wish,等。,He has decided to settle down in the countryside.,他决定到乡村去安家落户。,We're talking about how to overcome the present difficulties.,我们正在讨论如何克服当前的困难。,1．不定式作宾语,2,．不定式作表语,不定式作表语表示主语的职业、职责或性质等，从时间上说有将来的意义。,My work is to clean the room every day.,我的

15、工作是每天打扫房间。,Our duty is to help the children to grow better.,我们的职责就是帮助孩子们更好地成长。,2．不定式作表语,3,．不定式作宾语补足语,作宾语补足语时，一些动词后面跟带,to,的不定式，一些动词后面跟不带,to,的不定式。后跟带,to,的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有,advise,，,allow,，,permit,，,tell,，,persuade,，,expect,，,forbid,，,ask,，,want,，,force,，,wish,等。跟不带,to,的不定式作宾语补足语的动词多是感官动词或使役动词等。如：,see,，,he

16、ar,，,notice,，,observe,，,listen to,，,smell,，,feel,；,make,，,let,，,have,，,get,，,help,等。,3．不定式作宾语补足语,Who can persuade him to give up that foolish idea?,谁能劝他放弃那种愚蠢的想法？,Someone saw a stranger walk into his room.,有人看见一个陌生人走进了他的房间。,The mother let the children wash their hands before eating meals.,母亲让孩子们吃饭之前

17、去洗手。,Who can persuade him to give u,(2010·,陕西高考,)His first book ________ next month is based on a true story.,A,．,published B,．,to be published,C,．,to publish D,．,being published,(2010·陕西高考)His first book ____,解析：,考查非谓语动词。由,next month,可知用动词不定式表示将来，,publish,与,book,之间存在被动关系，故可排除,C,项。句意：下个月要出版的

18、他的第一本书是以真实的故事为基础的。,答案：,B,解析：考查非谓语动词。由next month可知用动词不定式,动词不定式有时态和语态的变化。找准逻辑主语是确定语态的关键。分清不定式动作和谓语动作发生的先后顺序是确定时态的关键。不定式的时态和语态变化，具体如下表,(,以,write,为例,),：,动词不定式有时态和语态的变化。找准逻辑主语是确定语态的关键。,,主动语态,被动语态,一般式,to write,to be written,进行式,to be writing,无,完成式,to have written,to have been written,完成进行式,to have been wr

19、iting,无,主动语态被动语态一般式to writeto be writt,语法专题突破(十一)动词不定式课件,[,高考在线,],1,．,(2010·,辽宁高考,)We were astonished ________ the,temple still in its original condition.,A,．,finding B,．,to find,C,．,find D,．,to be found,[高考在线],解析：,考查非谓语动词。句意：看到寺院仍处于原始的状态，我们感到非常震惊。空格处为动词不定式作状语，表示原因，故选,B,项。,答案：,B,解析：考查非谓语动词。

20、句意：看到寺院仍处于原始的状态，我们感,2,．,(2010·,重庆高考,)Many buildings in the city need repairing,，,but the one ________ first is the library.,A,．,repaired B,．,being repaired,C,．,repairing D,．,to be repaired,2．(2010·重庆高考)Many buildings in,解析：,考查不定式。不定式的被动式作后置定语表示被动关系及将要发生的动作。,答案：,D,解析：考查不定式。不定式的被动式作后置定语表示被动关系及将要

21、,3,．,(2010·,四川高考,)In many people's opinion,，,that company,，,though relatively small,，,is pleasant ________.,A,．,to deal with B,．,dealing with,C,．,to be dealt with D,．,dealt with,3．(2010·四川高考)In many people's,解析：,考查动词不定式。某些形容词,(pleasant,，,nice,，,comfortable,，,difficult,，,hard,，,easy,等,),后接动词不定

22、式时，常用主动形式表示被动意义。,答案：,A,解析：考查动词不定式。某些形容词(pleasant，nice,4,．,(2009·,天津高考,)________the project in time,，,the staff were,working at weekends.,A,．,Completing,,B,．,Having completed,C,．,To have completed D,．,To complete,4．(2009·天津高考)________the proje,解析：,句意：为了使项目及时完工，全体员工周末都在加班。不定式的一般式作目的状语。故选,D,。,答案：,D,

23、解析：句意：为了使项目及时完工，全体员工周末都在加班。不定式,5,．,(2009·,全国卷,Ⅰ)The children all turned________the,famous actress as she entered the classroom.,A,．,looked at B,．,to look at,C,．,to looking at D,．,look at,5．(2009·全国卷Ⅰ)The children all,解析：,考查非谓语动词。句意：当那个著名的女演员走进教室时，孩子们都转过身看她。动词不定式作状语表示目的。,答案：,B,解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当那个著名的女演员走进教室时，孩,点击上方“模拟预测”进入模拟预测,模拟预测,,,,点击上方“模拟预测”进入模拟预测模拟预测,