Unit2-Cloning词汇新人教版选修8教学讲义课件

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1、单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,,,*,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,,,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,9/28/2014,,‹#›,Unit2-Cloning词汇课件-新人教版选修8,Unit2-Cloning词汇课件-新人教版选修8,1,假设你班就科学

2、家是否应该克隆人进行了讨论，20％的同学赞成，认为其一：有利于促进该科学领域取得突破；其二：克隆智力过人的伟大科学家，人类将拥有更多有非凡贡献的人。80％的同学反对，因为这样违背社会道义，克隆人没有父母，无法像正常人一样生活，试谈谈你的看法。词数120字左右。,,,假设你班就科学家是否应该克隆人进行了讨论，20,2,范文背诵,Did you ever imagine having a child that is the exact replica（复制品） of you? Did you ever imagine of having the cure for heart disease or

3、cancer? Well, these fantasies are not far from reach. The way we could reach these fantasies is through a process called cloning. Cloning is the replication of an exact genetic copy of an organism by use of a somatic tissue (or cell) from the donor organism. Cloning can be used in humans, human orga

4、ns, or even animals. There are many advantages and disadvantages of cloning.,A benefit of cloning is cloning human organs or body parts. If a person has a dysfunctional（变形） liver or heart then they could get it cloned and get a brand new one. These are some of the,,,范文背诵,3,Unit2-Cloning词汇新人教版选修8教学讲义

5、课件,4,Unit2-Cloning词汇新人教版选修8教学讲义课件,5,Unit2-Cloning词汇新人教版选修8教学讲义课件,6,1. pay ______ 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清,2.,______,down 沮丧；不愉快,3.,______,to 反对；不赞成,4. in,______,,of 支持；赞成,5. be,______,to do... 一定或注定（做）……,6.,______,...into one’s heart 使……刻骨铭心,7. from,______,to time

6、 不时；偶尔,8. bring,______,to life 使复生；使复活,9. in,______,白费力气；枉费心机,10. in good/poor,______,状况很好（坏）；情况很好（坏）,答案：1. off 2. cast 3. object 4. favour 5. bound,6. strike 7. time 8. back 9. vain 10. condition,,,1. pay ______ 得到好结果；取得成功,7,The fact ______ she s

7、eemed to develop normally was very encouraging.,多莉看来是在正常地成长着，这很令人鼓舞。,答案：that,,,The fact ______ she seemed to,8,1. undertake,vt,.着手;从事;承担；承诺，答应,The scientist undertakes the experiment.,科学家从事这项实验。,I can undertake the responsibility for the changes.,我愿意承担这些变革的责任。,He undertook to finish the job by Frid

8、ay.,他答应星期五之前完成这项工作。,常用结构：,undertake sth. 着手/从事/承担某事,undertake to do sth. 保证/答应做某事,undertake that ... 保证……,,,1. undertake vt.着手;从事;承担；承诺，答应,9,【即学即练】,完成句子,①他欣然承担那项艰难的任务。,He ______ the difficult task willingly.,②他许诺当我们的向导。,He ______ ______ ______ our guide.,答案：①undertook,②undertook to be,单项填空,③He

9、_______ to improve the working conditions and the workers were expecting it.,A. undertook B. allowed,C. answered D. admitted,解析：选A。考查动词辨析。undertake此处意为“答应”相当于promise。,温馨提示,：其过去式为：undertook;过去分词为：undertaken。,,,【即学即练】,10,2. objection,n.,不赞成；反对；异议,Nobody raised any objection to

10、my doing it right now.,没人反对,我现在就做这件事。,The chief objection to the essay is its inappropriate use of special jargons.,这篇文章的主要缺点是专业术语用得不当。,【联想拓展】,object表示“反对”，为不及物动词，后接宾语时需要加介词to。oppose表示“反对”，为及物动词，接宾语时不加介词to。但是在be opposed to中需要加介词to，表示“反对……，与……相反”。,object to sb./sth. 不赞成某人/某事(to为介词),object to （sb.）doi

11、ng sth. 反对(某人)做某事,object that ...反对……,It was objected that ...有人反对……,常用结构：,have/make an objection to （doing）sth. 对……表示反对,,,2. objection n. 不赞成；反对；异议,11,【即学即练】,,完成句子,①我们反对受到这样的待遇。,We _____ ______ ______ treated like this.,②母亲反对说，吉米身体太虚弱，不能承担那份工作。,Mother ______ ______ Jimmy was too weak to take up

12、 the job.,答案：①object to being ②objected that,3. obtain,vt.,获得；赢得,I haven’t been able to obtain that record anywhere.,我到处都没买到那张唱片。,He said that the police had obtained this information by illegal means.,他说警方是靠非法手段获得这一资料的。,常用结构：,obtain sth. from sb./sth. 从……获得某物,obtain sth. by doing sth. 通过做某事获得某物,

13、,,【即学即练】,12,【易混辨析】,obtain/acquire/gain/earn/achieve,obtain 意为“获得，买到”。指通过努力或请求而得到，含有满足要求或达到目的的意味，属正式用语。,acquire 意为“经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等”，也可用于对财物等的“获得”，强调“一经获得就会长期持有”的含义。,gain 意为“通过较大努力获得某种利益或好处”；亦可指军事上的武力夺取等。,earn 意为“挣得，赢得”。指因工作等而得到报酬或待遇。,achieve 意为“得到；获得”，多指成就、目标、幸福的取得。,,,【易混辨析】,13,【即学即练】,选词填空(obtain/a

14、cquire/gain/earn/achieve）,①I finally managed to ______ a copy of the report.,②It is through learning that the individual ______ many habitual ways of reacting to situations.,③An investor ______ by buying stocks that go up in value.,④How much do you _______ a week?,⑤The movie star ______ success and

15、wealth.,答案：①obtain ②acquires ③gains ④earn ⑤achieved,,,【即学即练】,14,4. owe,vt.,欠（账，钱，人情等）；归功于……,He owes his father ￡50. =He owes ￡50 to his father.,他欠他父亲50英镑。,We owe this discovery to Newton.,我们把这一发现归功于牛顿。,常用结构：,owe ... to... 欠……；把……归功于；应感激……,owe ... to...for... 因……欠……,owe sb. sth. =

16、 owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物,owing to 因为，由于,【联想拓展】,owing,adj.,欠的，未付的,【即学即练】,完成句子,①他把自己的成功归功于他的父母！,,,4. owe vt. 欠（账，钱，人情等）；归功于……,15,He _______ his success_______ his parents!,②我们全靠牛顿才知道引力的原理。,We _______ the principle of gravitation ______ Newton.,答案：①owed; to ②owed;to,5. resist,vt.,抵抗；对抗,The

17、y were powerless to resist.,他们无力反抗。,Many young people could not resist the spiritual pollution.,很多年轻人不能抵制精神污染。,I can’t resist the temptation.,我不能抵挡诱惑。,常用结构：,resist sth. 抵制；阻挡某事,resist doing sth. 反对做某事,can’t resist doing sth. 忍不住做某事,be resistant to sb./sth. 对某人/某事有抵抗力,,,He _______ his success_______,

18、16,用法点拨：,resist表示“忍得住”，常与can’t/couldn’t连用，后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。,【即学即练】,完成句子,①她忍不住要笑。,She ______ hardly,,______,,______,.,②我顶不住烤苹果的诱惑。,I,,______,,,______,baked apples.,答案：①could;resist laughing ②can’t resist,单项填空,③She is overweight, but she can’t,,______,the temptation to eat more delicious food.,A.

19、forbid B. attach C. allow D. resist,解析：选D。考查动词词义辨析。resist抵制；forbid禁止；attach吸引，粘上；allow允许。由句意可知，应选D。,,,,用法点拨：resist表示“忍得住”，常与can’t/cou,17,,,6. pay off 得到好结果，取得成功(常用主动语态)；偿清；解雇,We will have more money to spend after we pay off our mortgage.,在付清贷款后,我们会有更多钱花。,The company has paid off som

20、e redundant employees.,公司在发放工资后解雇了一些多余的雇员。,【联想拓展】,pay for 付……的钱；为……而付出代价,pay back sth. (=pay sb. back sth.) 偿还；报复,pay sb. for sth.=pay sth. to sb. for sth.,付钱给某人作为……的费用,【即学即练】,,单项填空,①If you go for a long ride in a friend’s car, it’s the custom to offer to _______ some of the expenses.,A. pay

21、 B. pay off C. pay for D. pay back,,,Unit2-Cloning词汇新人教版选修8教学讲义课件,18,解析：选C。此处表达偿付一部分费用。pay for 付……的钱。,用与pay相关的词组填空,②After ten years of hard working she finally _____ _____ her debt.,③Our efforts are sure to ______ _______.,④Have you ______ the money ______ the bank yet?,答案：②paid off

22、 ③pay off ④paid; to,7. in favour of 赞成，支持,Everyone in the class voted in favour of the competition.,班里的每个人都投票赞成参加那个竞赛。,【联想拓展】,in sb.’s favour 对某人有利,do sb. a favour=do a favour for sb. 帮某人忙,do sb. the favour to do sth.=do sb. a favour by doing sth. 帮忙做……,Could you do me a favour and tell Kelly I c

23、an’t make it?,你能帮我个忙告诉凯利我没法做成吗？,,,解析：选C。此处表达偿付一部分费用。pay for 付……的,19,温馨提示：do sb.a favour(do a favour for sb.)帮助某人(在该短语中带有不定冠词a, 但当后边带动词不定式作定语时，favour前的冠词应为the)。,【即学即练】,,单项填空,①He argued _____ a strike.,A. in favour of B. in honour of,C. in face of D. in need of,解析：选A。考查短语辨析。

24、in favour of支持;in honour of为了纪念……;in face of面对；in need of需要。由句意可知，选A。,②I don’t like to ask people for help as a rule but I wonder if you could ______ me a favour.,A. make B. do C. find D. get,解析：选B。do sb. a favour帮助某人，符合句意。,温馨提示：,当表示“支持，赞同某人/某事”时除用in favour of之外；其他常用：be for sb./s

25、th. stand by; stand on one’s side等。表示“不支持，不赞同某人/某事”时用be against sb./sth.,,,温馨提示：do sb.a favour(do a favou,20,8. be bound to do 一定；注定(做),【联想拓展】,be bound for 去，准备去……,be bound up with ...与……有密切关系,be bound to sth.受……限制；被……束缚,【即学即练】,完成句子,①明天天气一定会变得更好。,The weather _____ _____ ______ get better tomorrow.

26、,②你下了这么多工夫, 一定能考及格。,You’ve done so much work that you _____ _____ ______ pass the exam.,③这艘轮船前往青岛。,This ship ______ ______ ______ Qingdao.,答案：①is bound to ②are bound to ③is bound for,,,8. be bound to do 一定；注定(做),21,9. The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.(P11),她

27、（多莉羊）似乎生长正常的事实很鼓舞人心。,that she seemed to develop normally是一个同位语从句，作the fact的同位语。同位语从句一般由that引导，常放在fact，truth，news，information，idea，thought，hope，suggestion，advice，reply，remark，report等名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。当先行词是problem，question或当主句是表示疑问或否定意思时，连接词要用whether或其他的疑问代词或副词。,The news that he has been elected preside

28、nt of the United States is true.他当选美国总统的消息是真的。,The question whether we should continue to do the experiment has not been answered yet.,我们是否该继续实验的问题还没有被解决。,I have no idea where the new library will be built.,我不知道新图书馆将要建在哪里。,,,9. The fact that she seemed to,22,10. Then came the disturbing news that Do

29、lly had become seriously ill.（P11）,接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。,now, then位于句首，谓语是come, go, appear等时句子用全部倒装。,Now comes your turn. 轮到你了。,【即学即练】,单项填空,In the dark forests_______ , some large enough to hold several English towns.,A. stand many lakes B. lie many lakes,C. many lakes lie D. many lakes stan

30、d,解析：选B。考查词语辨析以及倒装。地点状语放在句首时，谓语常是come， go， lie, stand等且主语是名词或名词词组时主句用全部倒装。表示某物存在某处，动词应用lie。,,,10. Then came the disturbing n,23,Ⅰ. 单词拼写,1. The role of the news u______ informing public opinion is of great importance.,2. The small town looks e_____ as it did when it was built 200 years ago.,3. I’m so

31、rry to d______ you so late, but I was wondering if I could use your phone.,4. For a teacher to hit a child is not just m______ wrong but also illegal.,5. These profits are based on the a______ that prices will continue to rise.,6. The treatment won’t cure her - it m______ stops the pain.,7. The law

32、f_____ the sale of cigarettes to people under the age of 16.,8. We have worked out a new set of p_____ for using this machine.,9. No one o______ when the manager said it was time to go home.,10. Every servant will r_____ from his position at the age of 60.,,,Ⅰ. 单词拼写,24,答案：1. undertaken 2. exactly

33、 3. disturb 4. morally,5. assumption 6. merely 7. forbids 8. procedures9. objected,10. retire,Ⅱ. 用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空,be cast down/object to/in favour of/be bound to (do)/,from time to time/bring back to life/pay off/in good,condition/in vain/cast down,1. During my stay in Japan my sister vis

34、ited me _______ .,2. I _______ to know that she failed in the final exam.,3. All your efforts will _______. Just keep it up!,4. All those present at the meeting _______ the plan.,5. He has made full preparations for the exam. He ______ succeed.,,,,答案：1. undertaken 2. exactly,25,6. Are there anyo

35、ne ______ human cloning?,7. I think some day dinosaurs may be ______ through cloning.,8. All our hard work was ______.,9. Keepers said the pandas were ______ .,10. They _______ their weapons at last.,答案：1. from time to time 2. was cast down 3. pay off,4. objected to 5. is bound to

36、 6. in favour of,7. brought back to life 8. in vain 9. in good condition,10. cast down,,,,6. Are there anyone ______ hum,26,Ⅲ. 同义句转换,1. At the beginning, he was against my proposal. However, in the end, he changed his mind.,At first he hesitated about my suggestion, but he ______ _______

37、 agreed.,2. Later they learnt that an earthquake had taken place in that area.,Then ______ ______ ______ that the area had been hit by an earthquake.,3. Although he was not strong, he joined in the work.,_______ ______ _______ weakness, he took part in the work.,答案：1. at last 2. came the new

38、s 3. Despite of his,Ⅳ. 根据要求改写句子,The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. (改写成两个句子),____________________________________________________________________________________________________________,,,,Ⅲ. 同义句转换,27,2. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriousl

39、y ill. （改写成正常语序）,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________,答案：1. The fact is that she seemed to develop normally. The fact was very encouraging.,2. The disturbing news then came that Dolly had become seriously ill.,Ⅴ. 完成句子,1.

40、 Tell your parents the truth, for they _____ _____ ______ (注定) know all about it.,2. The project raised ______ ______ ______ ______ (巨大的反对)and had a great impact on the villagers.,3. Though he ______ ______ ______ _____（赞成）the plan, he didn’t make straightforward replies.,4. He _______ ______ (

41、已经积累) a lot of teaching experience during the past 10 years.,5. His assumption that human beings can clone animals _______ _______（证实）at last.,,,2. Then came the disturbing ne,28,答案：1. are bound to 2. a storm of objections,3. was in favour of 4. has accumulated 5. was proved,,Ⅵ. 单项填空,1

42、. After three years of hard work, they had at last paid _____ all the money they had borrowed.,A. For B. out C. in D. back,解析：选D。pay back表示“偿还，还清”，pay for 支付； pay out 花费。,2. He’s obviously quite embarrassed about it because he forbade me ______ telling anyone.,A. for B.

43、 from C. off D. of,解析：选B。forbid sb. from doing 禁止某人做某事。,,,答案：1. are bound to 2. a,29,3. Scientists have reached the ______ conclusion that the amount of solar energy reaching the earth’s surface has been gradually falling.,A. satisfying B. exact C. disturbing

44、 D. hopeful,解析：选C。disturbing表示“令人不安的”，修饰conclusion。,4. What guided your choice of destination or was it _______?,A. arbitrary B. unexpected C. exciting D. natural,解析：选A。arbitrary表示“任意的”。句意为：你是根据什么做出的选择，还是任意的？,5. Unfortunately, the government has shown that it will _____ the plans to

45、 build thousands of homes for people in the South Hams.,A. object B. agree C. object to D. agree to,解析：选C。object to表示“拒绝，不赞成”, to为介词。,6. The law ____ the sales of cigarette to people under the age of 16.,A. encourages B. allows C. forbids D. helps,解析：选C

46、。考查动词辨析。forbid表示“禁止”。句意为：法律禁止把烟卖给16岁以下的孩子。,,,3. Scientists have reached the,30,7. He tried to run away from the police and was charged with _______ arrest.,A. controlling B. resisting C. winning D. losing,解析：选B。句意为：他尽力地想摆脱警察，所以被控告拒捕。resist抵制，抵抗。,8. The English spoken in the United St

47、ates is only slightly different from _______ spoken in England.,A. which B. what C. that D. the one,解析：选C。that 指代前面的名词English, spoken过去分词作定语。,9. Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it ______.,A. collected B. contained C. loaded D. saved,解

48、析：选B。contain表示“含有，内含”，句意为：小约翰尼摸着包，很想知道包里装的是什么。,10. —Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time?,—Yes, since she _____ the Chinese Society.,A. has joined B. joins C. had joined D. joined,解析：选D。考查时态。join这个动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去式。,,,7. He tried to run away from t,31,11. My English teacher’s h

49、umor was ______ make every student burst into laughter.,A. so as to B. such as to C. such that D. so that,解析：选B。such用作代词, 表示“这样，如此”。,12. The news ______ our athletes won another gold medal was reported in yesterday’s newspaper.,A. which B. whether C. what D. t

50、hat,解析：选D。分析句子结构可知，that引导的同位语从句。,13. You are so fat that you should _____ the temptation to eat sweets.,A. stop B. refuse C. resist D. prevent,解析：选C。resist the temptation to do 表示“抵制住做某事的诱惑”。,14. Excuse me for breaking in, ______ I have some news for you.,A. so

51、 B. and C. but D. yet,解析：选C。这是英语中的一个习惯句型：Excuse me, but...。,15. This magazine is very ______ with young people, who like its content and style.,A. familiar B. popular C. similar D. particular,解析：选B。be popular with sb. 表示“受某人的欢迎”。,,,11. My English teacher’s

52、humor,32,小儿脑瘫患者大多数都发生在儿童或青少,,年，它对人体有着严重的影响，甚至是导致孩子,,残疾的一种严重的疾病。在科学技术和医疗水平,,提高的基础上，小儿脑瘫已不再是一个不治之,,症。家长要对小儿脑瘫患儿进行各种的康复，同,,时也要严格把关患儿的饮食安全，不可食用损伤,小儿脑瘫患者大多数都发生在儿童或青少,33,大脑对脑部发育有碍的食物。,脑瘫的患儿不宜饮含铝食物,世界卫生组织提出人体每天摄铝量不应超,,过,60,毫克，要是一天吃,50~100,克油条便会超过,,这个允许摄入量，导致记忆力下降，思维能力迟,大脑对脑部发育有碍的食物。脑瘫的患儿不宜饮含铝食物 世界卫生,34,我心里

53、稳稳地翻了一个大坑，又有紧张的：,我没读过这么多书，都是听来的,钝，所以，早餐不能以油条为主食。经常使用铝,,锅炒菜，铝壶烧开水也应注意摄铝量增大的问,,题。为了保证小儿脑瘫患儿的进一步恢复，家长,,们引起注意。,脑瘫的患儿不宜饮含铅食物,我心里稳稳地翻了一个大坑，又有紧张的：我没读过这么多书，都是,35,铅是脑细胞的一大“杀手”，食物中含铅量,,过高会损伤大脑引起智力低下。有的孩子常吃爆,,米花，由于爆米花在制作过程中，机罐受高压加,,热后，罐盖内层软铅垫表面的铅一部分会变成气,,态铅。皮蛋在制作过程中，其原料中含有氧化铅,,和铅盐，铅具有极强的穿透能力，吃皮蛋也会影,铅是脑细胞的一大“杀手

54、”，食物中含铅量,36,我心里稳稳地翻了一个大坑，又有紧张的：,我没读过这么多书，都是听来的,响智力。所以小儿脑瘫患者绝不能长期食用。,小儿脑性瘫痪的患儿不宜饮含过氧脂质的,食物,过氧脂质对人体有害，如果长期从饮食中摄,,入过氧化脂并在体内积聚，可使人体内某些代谢,我心里稳稳地翻了一个大坑，又有紧张的：我没读过这么多书，都是,37,酶系统遭受损伤，促大脑早衰或痴呆。小儿脑瘫,,的患儿不宜饮含糖精、味精较多的食物。,糖精用量应加以限制，否则会损害脑、肝等,,细胞组织，甚至会诱发膀胱癌。世界卫生组织曾,,提出孕妇及周岁以内的婴儿禁食。动物试验提,酶系统遭受损伤，促大脑早衰或痴呆。小儿脑瘫 糖精用量

55、应加以限,38,我心里稳稳地翻了一个大坑，又有紧张的：,我没读过这么多书，都是听来的,示，周岁以内的婴儿食用味精有引起脑细胞坏死,,的可能。妊娠后期的孕妇多吃味精，会引起胎儿,,缺锌，影响孩子出生后的体格和精神发育，不利,,于智力发展。对于小儿脑瘫患儿，味精就更需要,,禁止食用。,我心里稳稳地翻了一个大坑，又有紧张的：我没读过这么多书，都是,39,注意事项,食物要容易消化吸收，营养丰富，要选高蛋,,白质的食物，蛋白质是智力活动的基础与脑的记,,忆、思维有密切的关系，牛奶、豆浆、鸡蛋、酸,,奶、肉类等都是富含蛋白质的食物，还多选维生,注意事项 食物要容易消化吸收，营养丰富，要选高蛋,40,我心里

56、稳稳地翻了一个大坑，又有紧张的：,我没读过这么多书，都是听来的,素高的食物，因维生素,A,能增强身体的抵抗力，,,促进大脑的发育。维生素,B,族能提高机体各种代,,谢功能，增强食欲，维生素,D,能帮助钙的吸收和,,利用。,小儿脑瘫饮食要多吃蔬菜和水果，少吃脂肪,我心里稳稳地翻了一个大坑，又有紧张的：我没读过这么多书，都是,41,肥肉，蔬菜和水果含有维生素和纤维，能保持大,,便通畅,每日要适当进行户外活动，让阳光照射皮,肤，可增进食欲，帮助吸收。,要以碳水化合物如米饭、面食、馒头、粥、,肥肉，蔬菜和水果含有维生素和纤维，能保持大每日要适当进行户外,42,我心里稳稳地翻了一个大坑，又有紧张的：,我没读过这么多书，都是听来的,粉为主食。,?,饮食要有定时，按时进食，可以增加食欲。,1c02f4cc,博狗,bodog ,我心里稳稳地翻了一个大坑，又有紧张的：我没读过这么多书，都是,43,