英语四级考试：翻译攻略二

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1、单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,英语四级考试：翻译,备考攻略（二）,1.,否定句,部分否定句,部分否定句虽然是否定句的形式，但其否定意义只局限于整体的一部分。其形式为：,概括词,all,both,every,everybody,everything,everywhere,always,altogether,entirely,和,wholly,等。,例：,There is a famous proverb saying that_(,闪光的东西并非都是金子）,答案：,all,that glitters,is not gold,(,本题主要考

2、察部分否定句。该谚语中，,that glitters,是一个定语从句，修饰前面的,all),完全否定句,完全否定句是针对部分否定句而言，这种否定是,彻底,的。其形式为：,no,none,等否定词,+,肯定式谓语,，常见的可以用于这一句型的否定意义的词有：,no,none,nobody,nowhere,anyhow,neither,never,等，在这一句型中，不定代词不能做主语。还有一种形式为,all,等概括词,+,肯定式谓语,+,含否定意义的词,。,例：,Cheap as it,is,but,_(,我今天无论如何都买不到,),答案：,anyhow I will not buy it toda

3、y,(,本题主要考察完全否定句，,anyhow,意思是“无论如何都不”,),1.Dont you be told that _(,这两本书并非都是有益的,),2._(,他的一切计划都泡汤了,),so dont count on his fulfilling the task on time.,3.He is so excited_(,他此时此刻的心情是无法用语言来形容的,),答案：,1.both of the books are not helpful,2.All his plan came to nothing,3.that none of the words can describe hi

4、s feelings,双重否定句,其形式一为：主语,+,cannot+help/refrain/keep+,from,+,动名词。,Help from,refrain from,keep from,等词具有“抑制，忍住”等否定含义，与,cannot,等连用，具有双重否定的意义。,例：,Having won the gold medal,_(,他禁不住喜形于色,),。,答案：,he could not refrain from showing his pleasure,.,(,本题考察双重否定句，,refrain from,的意思是“克制，避免”,),其形式二为：主语,+,cannot+but,

5、/choose but/help but+,动词原形。,例：,_(,我们别无选择只好另投旅馆住宿,),，,since all the hotels here are with signs“Be Booked Up”.,答案：,We could not help but look for another one to stay in.,(,本题考察双重否定句，“,cannot help but,”,句型，注意这里,but,后要用动词原形。,),例：,He is so devoted to his experiment that_(,没有人感觉不到他对事业的热爱,),。,答案：,not a man

6、/no man but felt his love to his career,(,本题考察双重否定句型，“,no+,主语,+but+,谓语,”，,no,相当于,not a,或,not any),1._(,我们忍不住笑起来,)when he finished the story.,2._(,人们不能不被他的事迹所感动,)after knowing the bachelor has adopted five orphans.,3.Dont always stick to routines,and you must know_(,没有无例外的规则,),。,答案：,1.We could not he

7、lp laughing,2.One cannot but,be moved,by his deeds,3.there is no rule but has its exceptions,2.,判断句,强调判断句,形式一：主语,+,be+no/none+other,than/but+,表语（强调内容）,例,:Plants which refine crude ores,are,_(,通常不是设在开采矿石的国家，而是设在其他国家,),。答案：,often located in other countries,other than,those in which the crude ores are

8、minded.,(,本题考察强调判断句型“主语,+be other than”,同时也考察了代词,those,指代前面出现过的复数名词的用法，,those,后接了一个定语从句,),形式二：主语,+,be+nothing+(else,)but/else than/less than+,表语,例：,The rich,have,their annoyances because _(,有些人除了钱之外一无所有,),。答案：,someone has nothing but money,（本题考察强调判断句型“,主语,+,be+nothing+(else,),but”,the,rich,意思是“富人”，属

9、于“,the+,形容词”表示一类人或物，表示一类人作主语时，谓语用复数，表示抽象事物时，谓语用单数。,形式三：,It is/was+,强调部分,+that/who+,从句,例：,_(,做那个实践的正是我父亲,)in the lab yesterday.,答案：,It was my father who did the experiment.,(,本题考察强调判断句型,强调的是,my father,引导词用,who),1.The tall figure that I saw_(,不是别人，正是我们的校长,),。,2.To everyones surprise,_(,他只是一味的笑,),。,3._

10、(,这正是我父亲做的那个试验,)in the lab yesterday.,答案：,1.was none other than our president,2.he did nothing else than laugh,3.It was the experiment that my father did,（二）正反判断句,形式一：主语,+be+not+,表语,A+but+,表语,B,例：,There are different opinions about the true meaning of life,but most people believe that_(,生命并不一定要漫长，但是

11、要五彩缤纷,),。答案：,life is not always long but it must be amazing,(,本题考察正反判断句，注意,but,后如果是一个完整的句子，主语一定要和前面的保持一致,),形式二：（,It is,）,not,that(who,),but that(who),例：,It is not that I dislike the work,_(,而是我没有时间,),答案：,but that I have no time,(,本题考察正反判断句，注意“,not that but that,”,中的两个,that,均不能省略,),1.I am badly ill,_

12、(,不是肉体上，而是精神上,),。,2.It is not heroes who create the people,but the people _(,创造英雄并推动历史向前,),。,3.It is a big joke that _(,无论何时我听到它都忍不住笑起来,),。,4.The man who stolen my watch was _(,不是别人，正是约翰,),。答案：,1.not bodily,but mentally,2.who create heroes and move history onward,3.I cant help laughing whenever I he

13、ar it,4.no other than John,比较判断句,形式一：主语,+be+less/more+,表语,A+than+,表语,B,例：,He does everything with great care but I think _(,与其说他谨慎，不如说他是怯懦,),。答案：,he is more poltroon than cautious.,(,本题考察比较判断句型“,more than”,的用法，它的意思是“与其说,不如说,”,，,more,和,than,后接对称成分,),形式二：主语,+be+not so much+,表语,A+as+,表语,B,例：,Judging fr

14、om his words,we can know that_(,他不是生病，而是情绪低落,),。答案：,he isnt so much ill as depressed.,(,本题考察比较判断句型,not so much as,意思是“不是,而是,”),形式三：主语,+be+rather,表语,A+than+,表语,B,例：,He who can recite 500 poems_(,与其说他聪明，不如说他勤奋。,),答案：,is rather diligent than clever,(,本题考察比较判断句型“,rather than”,的用法，它的意思是“与其说,不如说,”,，和,rath

15、er than,后接对称成分,),（四）倍数表示句型,形式一：主语,+be+,倍数,+that of+,被比较对象或,as+,形容词,+as+,被比较对象,例：,By that time we shall_(,生产的粮食将比,2006,年增加了,3,倍,),。答案：,produce four times as much grain as we did 2006,(,本题考察倍数表达法，倍数表达法要分清是原来的几倍，此题“增加了,3,倍”即是原来的四倍，另外，,as,as,中间要用形容词原型。,),形式二：主语,+increase/rise/,attain+(to,),倍数,+compared

16、with+,被比较对象,例：,The new,buidings,area_(,将是旧楼的两倍,),。答案：,will attain to 2 times of the old one,(,本题考察倍数表达法，,of,引出比较的对象，,one,指代前面出现过的,building,，翻译的时候要顾及到句子的前后，不要只看所要填的部分,),。,形式三：主语,+increase+,（,by,）百分数,+compare with,例：,The output of June in our factory _(,比,5,月份的产量增加了,150%),答案：,increase by 150%compared with that of May,(,本题考察倍数表达法，句型,increase by compared,with,that,代指,output,，,that,的这种用法在倍数表达句子中常用到。,),1.One blind man says that_(,与其说大象像别的东西，不如说它像一根长矛。）,2.Scientists believe that_(,与其说海洋分隔了世界，倒不如说海洋连接了各