英语四级15选10题型讲解

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1、单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,15,选,10,题型,题型简介,考点分析,解题方法,总结,题型简介,本题型出现在仔细阅读部分，在两篇传统阅读文章之前，占整个考试分值的,10%,即,71,分。选词填空题的文章长度在,220250,词左右,，,每个,7.1,分；也是要做对,6,个，达到,42.6,分为及格；题号,47-56,。,考试要求在,7,分钟左右时间内将题目给出的,15,个词汇填入,10,个空格中。,考题特征：,首句不设空；一句话中不设两空；设空,比较均匀，基本覆盖整个段落；设空不影响,考生对文章大意的理解；选项所提供的词皆,为实义词，

2、包括：名词、动词、形容词、副,词等，它们与文章的上下文紧密联系；每个,正确选项均有干扰项，相互干扰的选项之间,不是同义词或近义词。,考点分析,考试形式与传统考题的完形填空相似。,选词填空，当然是考词汇。但较之以往专门的词汇题,选词填空是对词汇更完全的更高层次的考察；因为它所考察的，是在篇章中对词汇的把握。,考核的主要目的是检查考生,在上下文中,猜测词义,的能力,以及,单词,词性识别,能力,。,遇到生词怎么办？时间不够怎么办？考前训练时注意培养以上两种能力，考试时加以运用，会大大提高答中率。,年,6,月,24,日新四级考试真题,EI Nino is the name given to the m

3、ysterious and often unpredictable change in the climate of the world.This strange,47,happens every five to eight years.It starts in the pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the,trade winds,(,信风,),which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds.As the trade winds lessen in

4、,48,the ocean temperatures rise,causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5,（,degrees centigrade,）,.,The warning of the ocean has far-reaching effects.The hot,humid(,潮湿的,)air over the ocean causes severe,49,thunderstorms.The rainfall is increased across South America

5、,50,floods to Peru.In the West Pacific,there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia.So while some parts of the world prepare for heavy rains and floods,other parts face drought,poor crops and,51,.,EI Nino usually lasts for about 18 months.The 1982-83 EI Nino brought the most,52,weather in mo

6、dern history.Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds,53,of damage.The 1990 EI Nino lasted until June 1995.Scientists,54,this,to be,the longest EI Nino for 2,000 years.,Nowadays,weather experts are able to forecast when an,EI Nino will,55,

7、but they are still not,56,sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.,其选项如下,：,A)estimate,；,B)strength,；,C)deliberately,；,D)notify,；,E)tropical,；,F)phenomenon,；,G)stable,；,H)attraction,；,I)completely,；,J)destructive,；,K)starvation,；,L)bringing,；,M)exhaustion,；,N)worth,；,O)strike,解题方法

8、,一、辨析词性,把十五个选项按词性分别归入名词、动词、形容词、副词等类别。,纵观样题和真题，我们知道,15,个词汇都属于最重要的四类实词。我们要学会每种词汇的基本,搭配和基本用法,。,辨性要注意下面几点。,1,.,遇到动词进行二次分类,：确定时态，确定是第三人称单数还是非第三人称单数；但应注意动词,+ed,型的有两种可能性，动词或形容词；遇到名词要确定单数还是复数。,2,不认识的单词，看后缀。,构词法中，前缀表明意思，后缀表明词性。所以看一个词的后缀，往往能大致分出词性。请参照附件“,英语后缀,”。,3,词性一时无法确定的，暂时搁置，不必纠缠，影响全局。,4,作出相应的标记,。可直接用自己最清

9、楚的符号清楚标在每个词前后。不清楚的都标问号。,以真题为例辨词性,A)estim,ate,；,B)streng,th,；,C)deliberate,ly,；,D)noti,fy,；,E)tropi,cal,；,F)phenomenon,；,G)st,able,；,H)attrac,tion,；,I)complete,ly,；,J)destruc,tive,；,K)starva,tion,；,L)bring,ing,；,M)exhaus,tion,；,N)wor,th,；,O)stri,ke,名词：,B,F,H,K,M,（,B,的后缀,th,H,、,K,、,M,的,tion,都是名词后缀）,谓语

10、动词：,A,D,O,（,A,的,-ate,极可能是动词，,D,的,-,fy,为动词后缀）,非谓语动词：,L,（,-,ing,结尾）,形容词：,E,G,J,（,E,的,-cal,G,的,able,J,的,tive,是形容词后缀）,副词：,C,和,I,（,ly,加在形容词后为副词后缀）,注意：即使从没见过，也想办法看能否判断其词性，词的性质有时比词义还重要。词的性质并不总是固定的，有些不认识的或无法确定的，如,N)worth(adj./n.),，,可先搁置，不要过度纠缠。,二、综合解题,将选项分类之后，就得从文章中来寻找对应的线索了。选项与文章匹配的因素有两个，第一是,词性,，第二是,词义,。所以

11、在读文章时，要通过各种手段来确定空格的词性与意义。,（一）确定词性，确定选项的选择范围,1,）关于,动词,的判断,前后都是,名词短语，中间是动词,。,根据一句（包括从句）有且只有一个谓动的原则，其它地方如无谓语动词，则需要谓语动词；反之则不需要谓语动词。,Nowadays,weather experts are able to forecast when an El Nino,will,55,but.(will,后面必然是原形动词，一起构成谓语,),55.O strike,Scientists,54,this to be the longest El Nino for 2,000 years.

12、,（,此句后只有一个,to be,，,是非谓语动词，故空格必为谓语动词；且空格前后均为名词性，也基本确定它是动词。）,54.A estimate,一个完整的句子之后再跟逗号，后面一般是非谓语动词短语。,The rainfall is increased across South America,50,floods to Peru.,（,前面是一个完整的句子，逗号后跟的，一般是非谓语动词短语。此题选项中非谓语动词只有一个，故直选之。）,50.L bringing,名词或代词后必用动词,The students/They _ the homework,and have a good rest.,名

13、词或代词,_,副词,The kind of volcano _break out_ dramatically.,to /will/,情态动词,/,介词,_,As the trade winds lessen in,48,the ocean temperatures rise,causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5 C.,（在介词,in,的后面，当为名词无疑，此处整个短语来修饰,lessen,减少，当为在某个方面减少。）,48.B strength,2),确定空格为名词,（,1,）,

14、a/an/the,n.,adj.,n.,vt,.,n.,（,2,）,n.,v.,（,3,）,prep.,N/doing.,真题重现,This strange,47,happens every five to eight years.,（,这个,/,种奇怪的？，当然要一个名词了）,47.F phenomenon,The hot,humid(,潮湿的,)air over the ocean causes severe,49,thunderstorms.,（,严重的？风暴，可能是形容词，也可能是名词）,49.E tropical,El Nino usually lasts for about 18

15、months.The 1981-83 El Nino brought the most,52,weather in modern history.,（,前面是最高级的修饰语，自然是形容词。）,52.J destructive,3),确定空格为形容词,（,1,）,adj.,n.,或,n.,adj.,即空格处前面或者后面为名词的，空格处应填入形容词；,（,2,）,adv.,adj.,即空格处前面是副词的，空格处应填入形容词；,（,3,）,link/be v.,adj.,即空格处前面是系动词或,be,动词的，空格处应填入形容词作表语。,4),确定空格为副词,（,1,）,adv.,v.,或,v.,ad

16、v.,即空格处前面或者后面为动词的，空格处应填入副词；,（,2,）,adv.,adj.,即空格处后面是形容词的，空格处应填入副词。,副词,修饰,形容词或动词,but they are still not,56,sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.,（,修饰形容词,sure,当为副词）,56.I completely,谓语动词前有名词主语,This strange,47,happens every five to eight years.,（,happens,是谓语动词，也可知前面为名词短语，缺一个核心名词。）,47.F phenomenon,（二）句里句外，猜测词义,一看搭配：,主谓宾、主系表,与修饰 词直接的搭配关系决定着词的意义。所以先看它被谁修饰，与谁形成主谓宾关系。看一种关系不行就看另一个，灵活处之。,This strange,47,happens every five to eight years.,strange,修饰,47,，也许看不出来是什么，再看,47,与,happen,形成主谓关系，