男女生殖系 组织学与胚胎学课件

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1、HISTOLOGY&EMBRYOLOGYMale and Female Reproductive Systems5/27/20241HISTOLOGY&EMBRYOLOGYMale an5/27/202428/5/20232Reproductive SystemnSex,Gender,ReproductionnGerm Cells:sperm and ovum(haploid)nSex Hormones:Male-Androgens(Testosterone)Female-Estrogen,ProgestogennDevelopmental Stages:infant,child,infant

2、,child,puberty,adult,menopause and oldpuberty,adult,menopause and old 5/27/20243Reproductive SystemSex,Gender5/27/202448/5/202345/27/202458/5/202355/27/202468/5/20236Male Reproductive SystemnTestis:producing sperm and hormoneproducing sperm and hormonenEpididymis:sperm maturation,storagesperm matura

3、tion,storagenVas deferens:sperm passage during sperm passage during ejaculationejaculationnAccessory glands(prostate,seminal vesicle,bulbourethral gland):seminal seminal plasma-environment for spermsplasma-environment for spermsnPenis and scrotum5/27/20247Male Reproductive SystemTestis5/27/202488/5/

4、202385/27/202498/5/202395/27/2024108/5/202310TESTISa pair in scrotumnCapsule:tunica vaginalis,albuginea and tunica vaginalis,albuginea and vasculosa,mediastinum testis&septulumvasculosa,mediastinum testis&septulum testis into 250 testicular lobules testis into 250 testicular lobulesnSeminiferous Tub

5、ule producing spermnTesticular Interstitium producing androgens by Leydig cell5/27/202411TESTISa pair in scrotumCapsu5/27/2024128/5/202312Seminiferous TubulesnSpermatogenic Cells -spermatogonia -primary spermatocyte -secondary spermatocyte -spermatid -testicular spermnSertoli Cell5/27/202413Seminife

6、rous TubulesSpermatoge5/27/2024148/5/202314 Spermatogenesis nStage 1:spermatogonia mitosis(5)nStage 2:spermatocyte meiosis (2)nStage 3:spermiogenesis -round spermatid -elongated spermatid -testicular sperm (no motility,no fertilizing capability)5/27/202415 Spermatogenesis Stage 1:spe5/27/2024168/5/2

7、023165/27/2024178/5/202317SPERMnCondensed nucleus with haploid(X/Y)nFlagellum and mitochondrial sheathnAcrosome containing enzymesnMembrane with ovum-recognizing ligand5/27/202418SPERMCondensed nucleus with ha5/27/2024198/5/202319Sertoli CellnSupport and nutritionnBlood-testis BarriernSecretion:Andr

8、ogen Binding Protein InhibinnPhagocytosis5/27/202420Sertoli CellSupport and nutrit5/27/2024218/5/2023215/27/2024228/5/202322Leydig Cell in InterstitiumnSteroid-producing cell structurenAndrogens:spermatogenesis/secondary sexual characteristic developmentnHormonal regulation -Hypothalamus GnRH -Pitui

9、tary Gland FSH LH(ICSH)-Testis Sertoli Leydig5/27/202423Leydig Cell in InterstitiumSte5/27/2024248/5/2023245/27/2024258/5/202325Sperm PassagenTubules rectusnRete testisnEfferent ductulesnDuctus epididymisnVas deferensnUrethra 5/27/202426Sperm PassageTubules rectus8/5EpididymisnEfferent ductules:prin

10、cipal cell with cilia&glandular cellnDuctus epididymis:pseudostratified columnar cell with sterocilianMicroenvironment for sperm maturationn-motilityn-fertilizing capability5/27/202427EpididymisEfferent ductules:p5/27/2024288/5/2023285/27/2024298/5/2023295/27/2024308/5/2023305/27/2024318/5/202331Sem

11、en sperm+seminal plasmanSperm count,motility and morphologynSeminal plasma(pH 7.4,2-6 ml)-bulbourethral gland:lubricate-prostate:ACP,Enzymes,PSP-seminal vesicle:fructose,decapacitation factor,coagulation factor5/27/202432Semen sperm+seminal plasmaSFemale Reproductive System Menstrual Cycle(bleeding

12、monthly)and significant developmental stagesnOvum productionnEstrogen/progestogen secretionnEmbryo developmentnFetal breast-feeding5/27/202433Female Reproductive System M5/27/2024348/5/202334Female Reproductive SystemnOvary producing ovum&hormonesnOviductnUterusnVaginanMammary gland5/27/202435Female

13、 Reproductive SystemOvarOvarian Follicle DevelopmentnPrimordial follicle primary oocyte+flat follicular cells(1 million at birth,40,000 before puberty)nGrowing Follicles(few decades/month)-primary -secondaryn Mature Follicle(one per month,secondary oocyte)nAtresic Follicle5/27/202436Ovarian Follicle

14、 DevelopmentPr5/27/2024378/5/2023375/27/2024388/5/2023385/27/2024398/5/202339Growing FolliclesnPrimary:-primary oocyte growing-follicular cell proliferation-zona pellucida formationnSecondary:-follicular antrum-cumulus oophorus&corona radiata-stratum granulosum-theca interna and theca externa5/27/20

15、2440Growing FolliclesPrimary:8/5/2Estrogen ProductionnLH:17 hydroxydase in theca cell (cholesterol-androgen)nAndrogen diffuse into granular cellnFSH:aromatase in granular cell (androgen-estrogen)5/27/202441Estrogen ProductionLH:17 hy5/27/2024428/5/2023425/27/2024438/5/202343OvulationnOnce per month

16、on 14 day of the cyclen36 48 h before ovulation,primary follicle completes first meiosis,becoming secondary oocyte and first polar bodynLH surge leading to ovulation delivering secondary oocyte and z.p/c.r-no fertilization:degeneration-fertilization:completing second meiosis5/27/202444OvulationOnce

17、per month on 14 5/27/2024458/5/2023455/27/2024468/5/202346Corpus LuteumnGranulosa lutein cell producing progestogennTheca lutein cell producing estrogen with granulosa lutein cellnCorpus luteum of menstruation(14 days,then degeneration,corpus albicans)nCorpus luteum of pregnancy producing estrogen/p

18、rogestogen/relaxin under hCG5/27/202447Corpus LuteumGranulosa lutein 5/27/2024488/5/202348HOME WORKnWhat is the main differences between spermatogenesis and oogenesis?nDescribe the structure of ovary at 6 yr and 25 yr;7th day of the cycle,21st day of the cycle,one month after pregnancynHow many type

19、s of cell in ovary involve in hormone production?5/27/202449HOME WORKWhat is the main diff5/27/2024508/5/202350OVIDUCT Infundibulum,ampulla,isthmus and intramural portionnMucosal folds with simple columnar ciliated cells and secretory cellsnInner circular and outer longitudinal smooth muscle coatnOu

20、ter covering of peritoneal mesothelium5/27/202451OVIDUCT Infundibulum,ampulla5/27/2024528/5/202352UTERUSnUterus body-perimetrium-myometriumnendometrium:basal layer and nfunctional layers(menstrual cycle)nUterus CervixNo menstrual cycle in endocervix5/27/202453UTERUSUterus body8/5/2023535/27/2024548/

21、5/202354Menstrual Cycle (28 days)n1-4 day:menstrual phasen5-14 day:proliferative(follicular phase)n15-28 day:secretory(luteal phase)thick,uterine gland,stroma cell,matrix,spiral artery,predecidual cell,ovary structure&hormone profile5/27/202455Menstrual Cycle (28 days)1-4 5/27/2024568/5/2023565/27/2

22、024578/5/2023575/27/2024588/5/202358Hormonal Regulation of Menstrual CyclenFeedback mechanism GnRH/FSH LH/Estrogen ProgestogennFollicle&E./Proliferative Phase nLH peak and OvulationnCorpus luteum&E.P/Secretory PhasenE&P decline and Menstrual PhaseWhat happens if Fertilization/pregnancy occurs?5/27/2

23、02459Hormonal Regulation of Menstru5/27/2024608/5/2023605/27/2024618/5/2023615/27/2024628/5/202362HOME WORK 2nDescribe the basic structure of vagina and its cyclic change during cycle.nDescribe the basic structure of mammary gland and the main difference between resting and breast-feeding mammary gland.5/27/202463HOME WORK 2Describe the basic