英语写作 unit 1 paragraph

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1、英语写作英语写作 unit 1 unit 1 paragraphparagraphUnit objectivesBe familiar with the organizational structure of a paragraph.How to write a good topic sentence&select supporting ideas to achieve unity;and Be able to use various devices to achieve coherence Warm-up ActivitiesGroup work:Discuss with each othe

2、r and brainstorm the advantages and disadvantages of having a mobile phone.Advantages DisadvantagesAdvantages:It is very convenient.You can make a call whenever and wherever you want to.It is especially helpful in an emergency.It saves time.You dont have to search for or await the turn for the publi

3、c phone.You can always be reached when you are needed by others.In an information age,it can help you to get the information you want in the quickest way.It may help you to grasp any chance to succeed.You can play games and surf the net through the phone.Disadvantages:It is quite expensive.Its radia

4、tion is harmful to health.Answering calls in public places such as in a cinema is disturbing.Making or answering calls while driving is dangerous.You can always be reached by your parents or your boss.It may ring at the moment when you least want it to.You may receive calls from strangers or adverti

5、sing companies and have to pay for them.Individual work:On the basis of the brainstorm,pick out a few ideas,reorganize them and write one paragraph either on the advantages or on the disadvantages of having a mobile phone.Definition of ParagraphDefinition of Paragraph From two perspectives:lForm:lSm

6、aller unit of a longer piece of writing;a group of sentences separated by a space from the following and the preceding groups;lContent:lA group of sentences that support and develop a single idea;in other words,a paragraph expands upon a core idea stated in its topic sentence.Structure of a paragrap

7、hTopic sentence What is topic sentence?What is topic sentence?A sentence that names the topic of the paragraph and contains a controlling idea is called the topic sentence of the paragraph.Its usually the most general and most important statement of the para.Controlling idea:have become increasingly

8、 violentis more and more important for young peopleis the kindest neighbor I have ever knownhas a profound effect on our health 2.too specific British English is different from American English in spelling.3.This is not a sentence,but a fragment Different countries have different customs.4.too gener

9、al,too emotional The local food is tasteless and greasy.Features of a good topic sentencelIt is a complete sentence.lIt contains both a topic and a controlling idea.lIt is neither too general nor too specific.lIt tells the reader what to expect in the paragraph.Organizational Structure of a Paragrap

10、hSummary:Basically,there are three positions of the topic sentence:1)at the beginning of a paragraph,2)at the end,and 3)in the middle.If there is no topic sentence at the end of the paragraph,there should be a concluding sentence there.It either restates the controlling idea or draws an inference;ot

11、herwise the paragraph is not complete if it is not properly ended.The position of a topic sentence may vary according to the organizational structure used.Unity unity of a sentence:express one complete idea in each sentence.Unity of a paragraph:A well-written paragraph has only one point(topic)to ma

12、ke and every sentence supports or develops that point.It does not include unnecessary details,nor does it turn off in unexpected directions.Outline of Paragraph BCoherence A well-written paragraph achieves not only unity,but also coherence.Difference between unity&coherence Unity is concerned with t

13、he content,coherence is concerned with the form of expression.The sentences of a good paragraph are so closely related to one another that the train of thoughts is orderly and never abrupt.There are no gaps or confusing leaps between ideas.Transitional signals To link ideas together Second,next,thir

14、d,besides,finally,moreover,furthermore,in addition,andTo indicate time After,later,first,next,then,afterward,from then on,meanwhile,now,until,whileTo give examplesSuch as,for example,for instance,to illustrateTo show similarityLikewise,also,in the same way,similarly,too,in the same mannerTo show con

15、trastBut,although,however,in contrast,on the contrary,on the other hand,unlike,whereas,while,yetTo show causationBecause,as,due to,since,for,for this reason,now that,owing toTo show consequenceTherefore,as a result,consequently,thus,accordinglyTo emphasize/restateAbove all,after all,in fact,particul

16、arly,that is,namely,in other words,especially,indeed,as a matter of fact,no doubtTo conclude a pointTo sum up,to summarize,to conclude,in a word,in conclusion,in brief,in short,in summaryThe four basic techniques to achieve coherencelrepetition of key words and phrasesltransitional signalsluse of pr

17、onounslrepetition of sentence patternsUnit SummaryWhat we have learned in this unit:The features of a topic sentenceThe organizational structure of a paragraphUnity and the basic techniques to achieve coherenceAssignmentsNow that you have learned the essential qualities of a good paragraph,look agai

18、n at the original paragraph you wrote on having a mobile phone at the beginning of the unit,and rewrite it.Pay attention to the topic sentence and the supporting ideas to make it unified and coherent.Work in pairs and look at each others writing and make some comments,eg.on the topic sentence,unity,coherence,etc.Write out your final draft of the paragraph on having a mobile phone and hand in next week.