新视野大学英语读写教程第二版第三册课件Unit 2Section A

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1、新视野大学英语读写教程新视野大学英语读写教程第二版第三册课件第二版第三册课件Unit 2 Unit 2 Section ASection AIron and the Effects of Exercisen.影响影响have much effect onv.make sth.happeneffect a changeExpository writingWhat?How?ContentsStructure AnalysisStructure AnalysisDetailed Reading of the Text Detailed Reading of the Text Notes to the

2、 Text Notes to the Text Review Review Writing Writing Understanding Understanding Read the text quickly and match the following statements with their corresponding paragraphs.Understanding359104A.The new exercisers who followed their normal diet showed a decrease in iron levels.B.The average woman t

3、akes in only two thirds of the recommended daily allowance for iron and more iron loss from exercise causes iron deficiency.C.Use a better method to check the amount of iron stored in the blood and its advisable for both women and men to have a yearly blood test to check blood iron reserves.D.In gen

4、eral,its better to undo the problem by adding more iron-rich foods to the diet.E.There are several reasons to cause womens iron deficiency,such as ignoring the amount of iron they take in;monthly bleeding;rejecting red meat and not consuming enough iron-rich food.21271168F.A new study shows that ina

5、ctive women who started a program of moderate exercise showed evidence of iron loss.G.If you pay attention to warning signs before iron reserves are gone then you can remedy the deficiency in time.H.There are three stages of iron deficiency.I.In order to correct iron deficiency,you may select breads

6、 and cereals with the“iron-added”labels;cook in iron pans,as food can derive iron from the pan during the cooking process;avoid drinking coffee or tea with meals.J.Exercise results in iron loss through a variety of mechanisms.K.The danger you may face when you reach the third stage of iron deficienc

7、y.Structure AnalysisPart I(Paras.1-_)What study found about iron and effects of exercisePart II(Paras._-_)Current situation and causes of iron deficiencyPart III(Paras._-_)Symptom and solution of iron deficiency763412Problems+SolutionsCentral topic+Supporting details1 Effect+2 CausesPart I(Para.1-3)

8、Central Topic:Supporting details:Exercise,even moderate exercise,may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women.A new study is cited to support the topic.Part IPara.1 Sports medicine experts have observed for years that endurance athletes,particularly females,frequently have iron deficiencies.Now a

9、new study by a team of Purdue University researchers suggests that even moderate exercise may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women.Iron and the Effects of ExerciseDetailed Reading缺铁缺铁cause运动医学专家运动医学专家Para.2 “We found that women who were normally inactive and then started a program of moderate

10、exercise showed evidence of iron loss,”says Roseanne M.Lyle,associate professor at Purdue.Her study of 62 formerly inactive women who began exercising three times a week for six months was published in the journal Medicine&Science in Sports&Exercise.who were not in the habit of doing physical exerci

11、ses)()()(Para.3“Women who consumed additional meat or took iron supplements were able to bounce back,”she notes.“But the new exercisers who followed their normal diet showed a decrease in iron levels.”ReviewPart I(Para 1-3)Exercise,even moderate exercise,may lead to reduced iron in the blood of wome

12、n.Roseanne M.Lyles study shows:start;exerciseiron lossinactive+bounce backTo Part IIBackground InformationBackground InformationPurdue University:(A)It is a coeducational,state-assisted university in Indiana,US.Founded in 1869 and named after benefactor John Purdue.The university is one of the natio

13、ns leading research institutions with a reputation for excellent and affordable education.Built upon historical strengths in engineering andBackground InformationBackground Informationagriculture,the West Lafayette campus of the university currently offers 7,400 courses in more than 500 undergraduat

14、e majors andspecializations in the schools of Agriculture,Consumer and Family Sciences,Education,Engineering,Health Sciences,Liberal Arts,Management,Nursing,Pharmacy andPurdue University:(B)Background InformationBackground InformationPurdue University:(C)Pharmaceutical Sciences,Science,Technology,an

15、d Veterinary Medicine.Programs of graduate study and research leading to advanced degrees fall under the jurisdiction of the Graduate School.moderate adj.neither very big nor very small in amount,quality,degree,etc.中等的，适度的中等的，适度的e.g.He is a student of moderate ability.In other words,he is average.他是

16、个中等水平的学生。他是个中等水平的学生。reasonable and avoiding extreme opinions or actions 温温和的；不极端的和的；不极端的e.g.The tone of her speech was quite moderate.她说话的语气非常温和。她说话的语气非常温和。show evidence of有有的迹象的迹象 Those with strong will and self-confidence usually show evidence of optimism about life.意志坚强和自信的人通常对生活表现出乐观的心态。意志坚强和自信的

17、人通常对生活表现出乐观的心态。Appositive structure（同位语结构）（同位语结构）同位语：当两个指同一事物的词语（多为名词性成同位语：当两个指同一事物的词语（多为名词性成分）放在句中同等位置时，后一词语可用来说明分）放在句中同等位置时，后一词语可用来说明或解释前一个词语。或解释前一个词语。says Roseanne M.Lyle,associate professor at Purdue,says Roseanne M.Lyle.She is an associate professor at Purdue University.Now combine the followin

18、g simple sentences into one sentence by using appositives.The ancient Chinese were a people of inventors and discoverers.The ancient Chinese were a people of philosophers and soldiers.The ancient Chinese were a people of poets and craftsmen.The ancient Chinese gave the world many of its most useful

19、things.The ancient Chinese,a people of inventors and discoverers,philosophers and soldiers,poets and craftsmen,gave the world many of its most useful things.PracticePractice on P411.Mr.Howe,my favorite professor,has received a Distinguished Teacher Award.2.Yesterday I went fishing,something I hadnt

20、done in years.3.Some women are normally inactive but then all of a sudden start a program of intense exercise,an action that breaks the laws of sports science.4.Even a brief visit to Greece,a modern country with ancient civilization,gives you a deep sense of its culture.Translation 1被告被告是位年仅是位年仅30岁的

21、女子，她坚持称自己无罪。岁的女子，她坚持称自己无罪。The defendant,_,kept _.a woman of only 30insisting on her own innocenceBackground InformationBackground InformationMedicine&Science in Sports&Exercise(A)It is a multidisciplinary journal featuring original investigations,clinical studies,and comprehensive reviews onon curre

22、nt topics in sports medicine and exercise science.With this multidisciplinary journal,exercise physiologists,physiatrists,physical therapists,team physicians and athletic体育运动医体育运动医学与科学学与科学Background InformationBackground InformationMedicine&Science in Sports&Exercise(B)trainers get a vital exchange

23、of information in the fields of basic and applied science,medicine,education,and allied health.It helps readers enhance their basic understanding about the role of physical activity in human health and function.consume v.use sth.especially in large amounts 消耗；花费消耗；花费 e.g.The United States imports 45

24、%of the oil it consumes.美国所消耗的石油有美国所消耗的石油有45%是进口的。是进口的。eat or drink sth.吃；喝吃；喝 e.g.It is not wise to consume meat with every meal.每餐都吃肉不明智。每餐都吃肉不明智。supplementn.sth.extra that is added to make sth.better 增补物；增补物；补充物补充物 e.g.Vitamin/iron/protein supplement v.add sth.extra in order to improve sth.增补；补充增

25、补；补充 e.g.They are doing extra jobs outside their regular ones to supplement their incomes.除了常规工作外，他们还干些零活，以补充收入。除了常规工作外，他们还干些零活，以补充收入。bounce back feel better or become successful after experiencing sth.bad 恢复健康；振作起来恢复健康；振作起来 e.g.We lost two or three early games in the World Cup,but we bounced back.在

26、世界杯比赛中我们先输了几场，但后来又赢回来了。在世界杯比赛中我们先输了几场，但后来又赢回来了。Try it:He is young enough to bounce back from this setback.他还年轻，能够从这次他还年轻，能够从这次挫折挫折中中恢复恢复过来。过来。Part II(Para.4-6)Effect(Para.4):Iron deficiency is very common among women.Cause 1(Para.5)Cause 2(Para.6)(As to Cause&Effect writing,please go to Structure Wr

27、iting)Part IIPara.4a Iron deficiency is very common among women in general,affecting one in four female teenagers and one in five women aged 18 to 45,respectively.But the ratio is even greater among active women,affecting up to 80 percent of female endurance athletes.This means,Lyle says,that“too ma

28、ny women ignore the amount of iron they take in”.四分之一四分之一摄取摄取()现在分词短语现在分词短语作状语表原因作状语表原因()()Para.4b Women of childbearing age are at greatest risk,since their monthly bleeding is a major source of iron loss.Plus,many health-conscious women increase their risk by rejecting red meat,which contains the

29、most easily absorbed form of iron.And because women often restrict their diet in an effort to control weight,they may not consume enough iron-rich food,and are liable to experience a deficiency.育龄妇女育龄妇女()Para.5“The average woman takes in only two thirds of the recommended daily allowance of iron,”no

30、tes another expert.“For a woman who already has a poor ironstatus,any additional iron loss from exercise may be enough to tip her over the edge into a more serious deficiency,”notes the expert.建议摄入的建议摄入的Para.6 Exercise can result in iron loss through a variety of mechanisms.Some iron is lost in swea

31、t,and,for unknown reasons,intense endurance exercise is sometimes associated with bleeding of the digestive system.Athletes in high-impact sports such as running may also lose iron through a phenomenon where small blood vessels in the feet leak blood.导致导致的结果的结果机制机制伴随着伴随着;带来带来消化系统消化系统high-pressure 高压

32、的高压的high-speed 高速的高速的high-performance 高功效的高功效的ReviewPart II(Para 4-6)Iron deficiency is very common among women.teenagerswomen aged 18 to 45active womenwomen of childbearing age1/41/580%at greatest risk Effect(Para 4):health-conscious womenred meatiron deficiencyPart II(Para.4-6)Cause 1(Para.5)Cause

33、 2(Para.6)take in;only 2/3 of the recommended daily allowanceiron lossTo Part IIIin general 大体上大体上/通常通常:一般说来一般说来,爱美之心人皆有之爱美之心人皆有之,但人们对美的标准但人们对美的标准各有不同。各有不同。In general,it is human to love beauty,but peoples criteria for it vary from person to person.e.g.respectively adv.The nurses and the miners rece

34、ived pay rises of 8%and 12%respectively.separately in the order mentionede.g.respective:各自的各自的;分别的分别的respectful:恭敬的恭敬的;表示尊重的（对待某人表示尊重的（对待某人/某物）某物）respectable:体面的；正确的；值得尊敬的体面的；正确的；值得尊敬的同根词同根词同根词同根词respective respectful respectable Blank FillingBlank Filling1.They listened in _ silence.2.He was born i

35、n a _ family.3.We went to visit our _ mothers.respectfulrespectablerespectiverespectively adv.up to1.I can take up to four people in my car.2.Up to now hes still quiet.3.This is up to you.4.Hes not up to the work.5.Whats he up to?多达多达 直到直到做做；忙忙 在于在于,取决于取决于 能胜任能胜任 risk n.&v.Up to 2,000 jobs are still

36、 at risk.仍有多达仍有多达2,000人有失业的危险。人有失业的危险。He took a risk when he crossed the old bridge.他冒险过这座旧桥。他冒险过这座旧桥。He risked his life when he saved the kid from the fire.他冒着生命危险把孩子从火中救出来。他冒着生命危险把孩子从火中救出来。n.危险危险n.冒险冒险v.冒冒的危险的危险plusPlus,nobody cares where we were last night.况且也没人在意我们昨晚在哪儿。况且也没人在意我们昨晚在哪儿。conj.used

37、to add more information 并且，而且并且，而且prep.used when one number is added to another 加加e.g.e.g.The bill is$10,plus$1 for postage.汇票是汇票是1010美元，再加上美元，再加上1 1美元邮费。美元邮费。health-conscious adj.注重健康的注重健康的caring much about health Word Formation n.-adj.e.g.e.g.iron-rich 富含铁的;tax-free 免税的water-proof 防水的safety-consci

38、ous 注意安全的fashion-conscious赶时髦的absorb v.take in a gas,liquid,etc.吸收吸收e.g.A sponge absorbs water.海绵吸水。海绵吸水。hold sb.s attention completely or interest sb.greatly 吸吸引引的注意力；使的注意力；使感兴趣感兴趣e.g.She is completely absorbed in her book.她在专心致志地看书。她在专心致志地看书。absorbent adj.易吸收的易吸收的absorbing adj.引人入胜的引人入胜的restrict v

39、.limit the size or amount of sth.限制；控制限制；控制e.g.You are restricted to only two cans of milk powder.携带的奶粉不得超过两罐。携带的奶粉不得超过两罐。Try it:The government has restricted freedom of movement into and out of the country.政府已限制了出入境的行动自由。政府已限制了出入境的行动自由。in an effort to(do sth.)为了为了e.g.If you are crazy for access to

40、the Internet in an effort to seek stimulation,you are bound to reap regret from it in the long run.如果你疯狂上网只是为了寻求刺激，长此以往如果你疯狂上网只是为了寻求刺激，长此以往,你从中所收获的肯定是遗憾。你从中所收获的肯定是遗憾。liable adj.(to do sth.)likely to do sth.bad or unpleasante.g.Were liable to make mistakes when were tired.疲劳时我们容易出错。疲劳时我们容易出错。(to sth.

41、)likely to suffer from sth.unpleasante.g.The road is liable to flooding.这个路段易积水。这个路段易积水。allowance n.something,such as money,given at regular intervals or for a specific purpose 补助；津贴；零用钱补助；津贴；零用钱Shall we give our kids monthly allowance?an amount of sth.that is allowed in particular circumstances 限额；

42、定量限额；定量Most of our flights have a baggage allowance of 20kg per passenger.我们的大多数航班容许每位旅客免费带我们的大多数航班容许每位旅客免费带20公斤行李。公斤行李。tip sb.over the edgemake sb.so unhappy that they cannot deal with their life or a situation any longer 使某人受不了；使某人使某人受不了；使某人难过得不得了难过得不得了Too much pressure tipped her over the edge of

43、 breakdown.过多的压力使她处于崩溃的边缘。过多的压力使她处于崩溃的边缘。tip sb.over the edge对已经如履薄冰的婚姻对已经如履薄冰的婚姻,任何来自外界的诱惑都足任何来自外界的诱惑都足以使其境况更糟。以使其境况更糟。For a marriage that is already on thin ice,any additional temptation from outside will be enough to tip it over the edge into a worse state.vi.漏漏e.g.The car leaks oil.这辆车漏油。这辆车漏油。v

44、t.使泄露使泄露e.g.He leaked the news of the ambassadors visit.他把大使来访的消息泄露出去了。他把大使来访的消息泄露出去了。n.漏洞漏洞,裂缝裂缝e.g.There is a leak in the roof.房顶上有个漏洞。房顶上有个漏洞。泄漏泄漏,漏出物漏出物e.g.There has been a leak of information.走漏了风走漏了风声声leak v.&n.Part III(Para.7-12)3 stages of iron deficiency(Para.7-8)Check iron deficiency(Para.

45、9)Suggested ways to correct iron deficiency(Para.10-12)problemsolutionPart IIIPara.7 There are three stages of iron deficiency.The first and most common is having low iron reserves,a condition that typically has no symptoms.Fatigue and poor performance may begin to appear in the second stage of defi

46、ciency,when not enough iron is present to form the molecules of blood protein that transport oxygen to the working muscles.In the third and final stage,people often feel weak,tired,and out of breathand exercise performance is severely compromised.疲劳疲劳 力不从心力不从心 )(上气不接下气上气不接下气 同位语（定语从句）同位语（定语从句）Para 7

47、Stage 1Stage 2Stage 3low iron reservesno symptomsno symptomsfatigue and poor performance not enough ironnot enough ironmolecule of blood protein transport oxygen to musclesweak,tired,and out of breathand exercise performance is severely compromised疲劳和力不从心疲劳和力不从心Para.8 “People think that if theyre no

48、t at the third stage,nothing is wrong,but thats not true,”says John L.Beard,who helped design the Purdue study.“Youre not in stage 3 until your iron reserves go to zero,and if you wait until that point,youre in trouble.”处于麻烦或困难中处于麻烦或困难中 Para.9a However,most people with low iron reserves dont know th

49、ey have a deficiency,because traditional methods of calculating the amount of iron in blood(by checking levels of the blood protein that transports oxygen)are not sufficient,Beard states.Instead,its important to check levels of a different compound,which indicate the amount of storage of iron in the

50、 blood.复合物，化合物复合物，化合物 指示，表明指示，表明Para.9b While active,childbearing age women are most likely to have low iron stores,he notes,“Men are not safe,especially if they dont eat meat and have a high level of physical activity.”(An estimated 15 percent of male long distance runners have low iron stores.)Bea

51、rd and other experts say its advisable for people in these groups to have a yearly blood test to check blood iron reserves.虽然虽然Para.10a If iron levels are low,talk with a physician to see if the deficiency should be corrected by modifying your diet or by taking supplements.In general,its better to u

52、ndo the problem by adding more iron-rich foods to the diet,because iron supplements can have serious shortcomings.Para.10b Supplements may produce a feeling of wanting to throw up,and may be poisonous in some cases.The best sources of iron,and the only sources of the form of iron most readily absorb

53、ed by the body,are meat,chicken,and fish.Good sources of other forms of iron include dates,beans,and some leafy green vegetables.在某些情况下在某些情况下Para.11a“Select breads and cereals with the words iron-added on the label,”writes sports diet expert Nancy Clark.“This added iron supplements the small amount

54、that naturally occurs in grains.Eat these foods with plentiful Vitamin C(for example,drink orange juice with cereal or put a tomato on a sandwich)to enhance the amount of iron absorbed.”)(v.Para.11b Clark also recommends cooking in iron pans,as food can derive iron from the pan during the cooking pr

55、ocess.“The iron content of tomato sauce cooked in an iron pot for three hours showed a striking increase,the level going up nearly 30 times,”she writes.And people who are likely to have low iron should avoid drinking coffee or tea with meals,she says,since substances in these drinks can interfere wi

56、th iron being absorbed into the body.Para.12“Active women need to be a lot more careful about their food choices,”sums up Purdues Lyle.“If you pay attention to warning signs before iron reserves are gone,you can remedy the deficiency before it really becomes a problem.”ReviewPart III(Para.7-12)3 sta

57、ges of iron deficiency(Para.7-8)Stage 1symptomsStage 2Stage 3+Part III(Para.7-12)Check iron deficiency(Para.9)checkingthe blood proteina different compoundSuggested ways to correct iron deficiency(Para.10-12)+iron-rich foodsBest sources of irons?Part III(Para 7-12)Suggested ways to correct iron defi

58、ciency(Para 10-12)+YesNoYesNoor compromise v.Our racial and cultural differences enhanced our relationship and taught us a great deal about tolerance,compromise,and being open with each other.(Book 2,Unit 3,Para.2)v.be affected 受影响；危害受影响；危害e.g.His chances of reelection were compromised by the scanda

59、l.他重新获选的机会因绯闻而大打折扣。他重新获选的机会因绯闻而大打折扣。n.妥协；折中妥协；折中 go to zero 耗尽耗尽/为零为零/用完用完对于一支不知为何而战的足球队来说，其胜率趋对于一支不知为何而战的足球队来说，其胜率趋于零。于零。For a football team that has no idea about what to play for,its chances of victory will go to zero.sufficient adj.enough 足够的；充分的足够的；充分的e.g.There is no sufficient evidence to show

60、 that he is guilty.be sufficient to do sthbe sufficient for sthadvisable adj.that should be done in order to avoid problems 明智的；明智的；可取的可取的It is generally not advisable for pregnant women to travel by air after the 28th week of pregnancy.Try it(P43.XII.4):According to the sports medicine expert,it is

61、 advisable for those who suffer from fatigue and poor performance to eat red meat,which contains the most easily absorbed form of iron.这位运动医学专家认为，感到劳累、工作效率差的人，这位运动医学专家认为，感到劳累、工作效率差的人，最好食用牛肉、羊肉，它们含有最易被吸收的铁质。最好食用牛肉、羊肉，它们含有最易被吸收的铁质。Translation 4考虑到那个地区受欢迎的程度，提前订旅馆是明考虑到那个地区受欢迎的程度，提前订旅馆是明智的。智的。Taking _,i

62、t is _.the popularity of the region into considerationadvisable to book hotelsin advancemodify v.make small changes to sth.in order to improve it修改；修改；改进改进e.g.The feedback from students will be used to modify the course for next year.从学生那里得到的反馈会用于对下一年的课程进行从学生那里得到的反馈会用于对下一年的课程进行调整。调整。undo v.remove th

63、e bad effects of sth.取消；消除取消；消除e.g.What is done cannot be undone.覆水难收。覆水难收。untie or unfasten buttons,knots,belts,etc.解开；松开解开；松开e.g.He undid the parcel.他解开了包裹。他解开了包裹。throw upvomit;be sick 呕吐呕吐The strong smell made me throw up.这强烈的气味使我呕吐了。这强烈的气味使我呕吐了。Translation 5服药后若有呕吐感，请立即停止服用并尽快咨询服药后若有呕吐感，请立即停止服用并

64、尽快咨询医生。医生。If you _ after _,_ and _.have a feeling of wanting to throw up taking this drug stop taking it immediatelyconsult your doctor as soon as possiblederive v.obtain sth.from sth.else 取得；得到取得；得到We derive knowledge from practice.我们从实践中获取知识。我们从实践中获取知识。(from)have sth.as an origin 源自源自Many English

65、words derive from Latin.英语中有很多词源于拉丁语。英语中有很多词源于拉丁语。absolute structure（独立主格结构）独立主格结构）The iron content of tomato sauce cooked in an iron pot for three hours showed a striking increase,the level goinggoing up nearly 30 times.The iron content of tomato sauce cooked in an iron pot for three hours showed a

66、 striking increase.The level went up nearly 30 times.Practice1.非句子，作状语非句子，作状语2.逻辑主谓关系逻辑主谓关系3.表示时间、原因、结果、条件、伴随、目的等表示时间、原因、结果、条件、伴随、目的等4.主动语态主动语态V-ing;被动语态被动语态省略省略be动词动词Practice on P421.His homework done,his composition written,Larry decided to go and see the film.2.The manager sat quietly in the office,(his)eyes closed,waiting for the telephone to ring.3.The room was a mess,empty bottles and beer cans(being)everywhere.4.When I walked in,Grandpa was sitting at the kitchen table,the newspaper sprea