高二英语人教版选修八同步练习：Unit3InventorsandinventionsWord版含答案

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1、Unit 3 Inventors and inventions1、短语填空call up,now and then,distinguish.from.,set about,with caution1.Oh,my dear!Could you_right_wrong?2.Wang Meng always drives_,sohe isrecognizedas one of the bestdrivers.3.The picture_him_thetime when he was broughtup in the village.4.One afternoonshe_ridingwithoutan

2、 umbrellaand was caught in a stormat last.5.Yes,of course.I do_if its convenient.2、根据课文内容填空 _the writer called up her mother in the countryside _the phone, she learned that snakes came near their house and_the snakesseemed tohave made their home neartheirhouse.The writerfelt proudand considered _a c

3、hance for hertodistinguishherselfbyinventing something mercifulthatwould catchsnakes but notharm them.Sheset about_(research)thehabitsof snakes.She decidedtocoolthem sothattheycould be easily caught._, her first two plans were no successful. As_result,she had to attempt a_time, which helped herfulfi

4、ll her aim_(success).She was so delighted that she _(determine) to send her invention to the patent office to get recognition for her successful idea.3、完形填空：Most people have thought,“I want to fly like a bird.”Many people havetried.They made wings for1,usually2feathers,andtried to fly by moving thei

5、r wings,as a bird did.In about 1020,3Englishman,Oliver,tried to fly with wingslike a bird did.He4more than two hundredmeters5he crashed to the ground and broke both his arms andlegs.6his injuries,Oliverseemed quite pleased.Hesaidhe had madeone little mistake.He had forgotten7a tail like a birds.Butw

6、hen he8from hisinjuries,henevertriedto flyagain.In 1507,anItalian,named John Damian,tried tofly in Scotland.Hewore a pair of wings made ofhens feathers,and leaped from the walls of a castle.He9like astone to the ground below,and broke a leg.Damian was very10.Hesaid,“I made a mistake,I used hensfeath

7、ers and hens do not oftenfly.I11the feathers of a bird that flies.Then I am sureI12. ”Butwhen he was wellagain,Damian,likeOliver,neverattemptedanother flight.An Italian scientist,John Borelli,spent much time thinking aboutflying.Finally,in 1680,he wrote a book 13 a great many calculations.They prove

8、d that men would never be able to fly with wings on theirarms.Borelliworked itout thata mansarms were not14to supporthim in the air.We know now thathe was right butsome people15what Borellisaid.In 1742,a Frenchman,although he was an old man,tried tofly16the River Seine,in Paris,withwings17hisarms.He

9、 leaped from the balcony(阳台 )ofa house besidethe river and went18down onto a boat moored(停泊 )at the bank ofthe river.Hewas19and only broke a leg.In1811,a tailor in Germanydecided to try to fly with wings.He built a wooden tower on the bank of the RiverDanube.He leaped from this tower and dropped lik

10、e a stone into the water.He wasdragged out20,but he was more fortunate than most of the othermen who had tried to fly with wings.1.A.itselfB.ourselvesC.themselvesD.yourselves2.A.ofB.intoC.fromD.with3.A.aB.anC.theD.one4.A.walkedB.wentC.foundD.covered5.A.whenB.beforeC.afterD.as6.A.Because ofB.In spite

11、 ofC.As a result ofD.In terms of7.A.to wearB.wearingC.to dressD.putting on8.A.survivedB.escapedC.recoveredD.lived9.A.feelsB.fallsC.feltD.fell10.A.satisfiedB.disappointedC.delightedD.inspired11.A.should useB.must useC.should have usedD.shouldntuse12.A.would have flownB.would flyC.could flyD.will fly1

12、3.A.includingB.holdingC.containingD.consisting14.A.too strongB.very strongC.enough strongD.strongenough15.A.regardless ofB.paid no attention toC.objectedtoD.supported16.A.overB.throughC.acrossD.past17.A.tied toB.tied onC.tying toD.tying on18.A.crashB.crashingC.to crashD.crashed19.A.disappointedB.unl

13、uckyC.annoyedD.fortunate20.A.completely drownedB.almost drowningC.halfdrownedD.half drowning4、Today,bicycles are elegantly simple machines that are common around theworld.Many people ride bicycles for recreation,whereas others use them as a meansoftransportation.Thefirstbicyclewas inventedinGermany

14、in1818.Because itwasmade of wood,it wasn t very strong nor did it have pedals (脚踏板).Riders movedit by pushing their feet against the ground.In1839,KirkpatrickMacmillan,aScottishblacksmith,inventeda much betterbicycle.Macmillansmachinehad ironcovered wheelsto keep them fromgettingworndown.He also use

15、d foot-operated levers,similar to pedals,so his bicycle could beriddenata quickpace.Itdidn t lookmuch likethemodern bicycle,though,becauseitsbackwheelwas substantiallylargerthan itsfrontwheel.AlthoughMacmillan sbicycles could be ridden easily,they were never produced in large numbers.In 1861,Frenchm

16、an Pierre Michaux and his brother Ernest invented a bicyclewith an improved pedal mechanism.They called their bicycle a VELOCIPEDE,but mostpeople called it a“bone shaker ”because of the effect of the wood and ironframe.Despitethe impolitenickname,theVELOCIPEDEwas a hit.Aftera few years,theMichauxfam

17、ilywas makinghundredsofthemachines annually,mostlyforfun-seekingyoung people.Ten yearslater,JamesStarley,anEnglishinventor,madeseveralinnovationsthat revolutionized bicycle design.He made the front wheel many times larger thanthe back wheel,put a gear on the pedals to make the bicycle more efficient

18、,andlightened the wheels by using wire spokes.Although this bicycle was much lighter and less tiring to ride,it was still clumsy,extremely top-heavy,and ridden mostly for entertainment.It wasn t until 1874 that the first truly modern bicycle appeared on thescene.Invented by another Englishman,H.J.La

19、wson,the safety bicycle would lookfamiliarto today s cyclists.Thesafetybicyclehad equal -sizedwheels,whichmadeit easier to ride.Lawson also attached a chain to the pedals to drive the backwheel.By 1893,the safety bicycle had been further improved with air-filled rubber tires,a diamond-shaped frame,a

20、nd easy braking.With the improvements provided by Lawson,bicycles became extremely popular and useful for transportation.Today,they are built,used,and enjoyed all over the world.1.This passage was most likely written in order to _.A.compare bicycles used for different purposesB.describe the problems

21、 early bicycle makers experiencedC.persuade readers to use bicycles for transportationD.tell readers about the early history of the bicycle2.Which of the following bicycle types was invented by James Starley?A.B.C.D.3.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A.Two hundred y

22、ears ago,bicycles did not exist.B.The first bicycle could be ridden at a very quick pace.C.The Michaux brothers called their bicycle a“bone shaker”.D.Macmillan s machine had wheels with rubber tires.4.The informationabout bicyclesin thispassage isarrangedaccordingto _.A.importanceB.timeC.placeD.inte

23、rest5、Ifirstmet PaulNewmanin1968,when George Roy Hill,thedirectorof ButchCassidyand theSundance Kid,introducedus inNew YorkCity.Whenthe studiodidn twant me for the film-it wanted somebody as well known as Paul-he stood up for me.Idontknow how many people would have done that;they wouldhave listened

24、to theiragents or the studio powers.The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and TheSting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an agedifference,webothcame from a traditionof theater and live TV.We were respectfulof craft( 技艺 )andfocusedon diggin

25、ginto thecharacterswe were going toplay.Bothof us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of Americanactors:humorous,aggressive,and making fun of each other-but always with anunderlying affection.Those were also at the core(核心 )of our relationship off thescreen.We sh ared the brief that if yo

26、ure fortunate enough to have success,youshould put something back-he with his Newmans Own food and his Hole in the Wallcamps forkidswho areseriouslyill,andme withSundance and theinstituteand thefestival.Paul and I didn brought us together.Wet see each other all that regularly, but sharingsupportedea

27、ch otherfinanciallyand by showingup atthatevents.I lastsaw him a few months ago.Hedbeen inand outofthehospital.HeandI both knew what the deal was,and wedidn t talk about it.Ours was a relationshipthat didnt need a lot of words.1.Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to author at first?A.Paul

28、 Newman wanted it.B.The studio powers didnt like his agent.C.He wasnt famous enough.D.The director recommended someone else.2.Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship?A.They were of the same age.B.They worked in the same theater.C.They were both good actors.D.They had similar characteri

29、stics.3.What does the underlined word“that”inparagraph 3 refer to?A.Their belief.B.Their care for children.C.Their success.D.Their support for each other.4.What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A.To show his love of films.B.To remember a friend.C.To introduce a new movie.D.To share his act

30、ing experience.6、Electrical devices(仪器 )could soon use power make by human energy,Scientistssay they have developedan experimentaldevicethatproduces electricityfrom the physical movement of a person walking, British scientist Max Donelanandother scientists in Canada and the United States developed t

31、he device.The device connects to a persons knee, As the person walks, the devicecaptures energy each time the person slows down, To do this ,the device helps withtheslowingsown movement of the leg,The movements ofthe walkingperson push partsof a small machine that produces electricity, Using the dev

32、ice, an adult walkingquicklycould producethirteenwattsofelectricityin justa minute,Donelan sayswalking at that speed could produce enough power to operate a laptop computer forsixminutes.Thereareseveralpossible uses for the device,Developerssay itcouldhelp people who work in areas without electricit

33、y to operate small computers, Thedeicecouldalsobe used in hospitalstooperateheartpacemakers( 起博器 ),Itcouldeven be used to assist in the movement of robotic arms and legs.The experimentalversion of the device weighs about one and a half kilograms, but it is too costlyfor most people to buy, But the r

34、esearchers hope to make a lighter, less costlyversion.An improved version should be ready in one year.Thedevelopershope thedevicewillone day helpdevelopingcountries,Nearlytwenty five percent of people around the world live without electric power.A similar product was invented in 2005 by Larry Rome o

35、f the University ofPennsylvania,Hecreated a bag carriedon a person sback that also producespowerfrom walking, The knee device does not produce as much electricity as the bag ,Butthe bag requires the walker to carry a load of twenty to thirty kilograms.1.The second paragraph mainly talks about.A.who

36、developed the deviceB.how the device worksC.several possible uses for the devicesD.how much electricity the device can produce2.What is the disadvantage of the experimental version of the device?A.It is too heavy for the walker to bearB.It is too complex for people to useC.It is too expensive for mo

37、st people to affordD.It will slow down ones walking speed.3.Compared with the device designed by Larry Rome ,this newdevice.A.produces power without adding more loads to the walkerB.can produce more power in a much shorter timeC.needs to be equipped with a batteryD.can help the walker walk faster4.F

38、rom the passage, we can learnthatthe electricaldevicecan.A.help housewives operate the washing machineB.make it much easier for us to go onlineC.produce more electricity than that invented by Larry RomeD.be applied in medicine to operate heart pacemakers5.What would be the best title for the passage

39、?A.First device powered by walking will soon be on the marketB.Advanced technology brings in a new way to operate heart pacemakersC.Device gives new meaning to the idea of power walkingD.Human energy will become a main source of electricity7、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误 , 每句中最多有两

40、处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加 : 在缺词处加一个漏字符号 ( ), 并在其下面写出该加的词。删除 : 把多余的词用斜线 () 划掉。修改 : 在错的词下画一横线 , 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意 :1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2. 只允许修改 10 处 , 多者 ( 从第 11 处起 ) 不计分。When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies. Ihad grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past

41、few years. About onemonth afterthisphotowas took,I enteredmy second year ofhigh schooland becomea new member of the schoolmusic club.Around me in pictureare the thingsthey werevery important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars a

42、nd planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.8、假如你是英国的Mike, 你的朋友李华打算到国外留学, 他写信询问你什么样的中国学生最受国外高校的青睐。请你根据以下要点给对方写一封回信:1. 语言是道硬门槛 ;2. 适应能力很重要 ;3. 兴趣爱好被看重 ;4. 要有社会责任感。注意1. 词数 100 左右 ;2. 开头和结束语已为你写好 ,

43、 但不计入总词数。Dear Li Hua,I m glad tohear that you want to study abroad in your letter._Yours,Mike答案以及解析1、答案及解析：答案： 1.distinguish;from;2.withcaution;3.called;up; 4.setabout;5.now and then2、答案及解析：答案： When; on; that; it; researching; However; a; third; successfully; wasdetermined3、答案及解析：答案： 1.C; 2.A; 3.B;

44、4.D; 5.B; 6.B; 7.A; 8.C; 9.D; 10.B; 11.C; 12.A; 13.C; 14.D; 15.B; 16.C; 17.A; 18.B; 19.D; 20.C解析：1. 由主语 they 可知此处应该是指“他们自己”, 故用themselves 。2.be made of“由制成”, 此处介词表示材料, 故用of 。3. 此处表示“一个英国人” , 故用不定冠词 ; 因 Englishman 以元音音素开头 , 故用 an。4.cover在这里是“行程, 穿越”的意思 , 用 went 和 walked 不合适。5. 穿越二百多米在先 , 坠入地面在后 , 故用

45、before 。6. 从句子意思看 , 应该是表示转折。尽管受了伤 , 但很高兴。7. 从句意看 , 应该是“忘记去做某事( 未做 ) ”, 所以 forget之后应接动词不定式,to dress的宾语是人 , 不是物。8.recover from.表示“从痊愈”。9. 像一块石头坠入地面 ,fall “落下” , 用过去式fell 。10. 从飞行结果和下文说的话来看 , 应是感到很失望。11. “should+ 完成式”表示“本应该做而实际没有做” , 带有后悔之意。12.would have flown表示“如果使用会飞的鸟的羽毛的话, 那就会飞起来了”。13.contain意为“包含,

46、 包括” , 在本句中是现在分词作定语修饰book。including是介词 ,不能作定语;consist是不及物动词, 后要接of再接宾语。14. “be+adj./adv.+enough to do sth.”表示“足够以至于”, 是固定结构。15.B 项意为“不注意, 不关心”。 regardlessof 不是动词短语 , 不能作谓语。其他两个动词意思与语境不符。16. 表示“穿越 ( 河流 ) ”用介词 across 。17. 这是 with 复合结构 ,tied 表示被动含义 : 翅膀被系在胳膊上 , 介词 to 是固定搭配。18. 此处是“ go+动名词”结构。19. 由下文可知

47、, 比较而言 , 这个人是幸运的 , 因为他只是摔断了一条腿。20.drown 一词经常用被动式, 因为人是被淹死的。 选择 half-drowned,说明人没有淹死, 因此说这个德国裁缝更加幸运。4、答案及解析：答案： 1.D; 2.B; 3.A; 4.B解析：1. 推理判断题。通观全文, 第一辆自行车是于1818年在德国被发明的1839年Kirkpatrick Macmillan发明了一辆更好的自行车1861 年法国人Pierre Michaux和他的兄弟Ernest发明了一辆改进了脚踏板机械装置的自行车两年后James Starley做出了一些革新, 彻底改变了自行车的设计1874 年真

48、正的现代自行车出现了1893年安全脚踏车被进一步改进今天, 自行车在全世界被制造、使用和喜爱。这篇文章主要讲述自行车的发展史。2. 细节理解题。第四段“ He made the front wheel many times larger than the backwheel,.”James Starley制造的前车轮比后车轮大好几倍。和图片B 相符。3. 推理判断题。由第一段“The first bicycle wasinvented in Germany in 1818.”可知,第一辆自行车是在1814 年被发明的, 而 200 年前是1814 年 , 所以那时自行车还不存在。故选A。4.

49、细节理解题。本文讲的是自行车的发展史, 是逐段按时间排列出这些信息的。故选B。5、答案及解析：答案：1.C; 2.D; 3.A; 4.B解析：1. 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者与Paul Nminan之间的深厚友情。当制片人不想让我参演电影时,Paul Newman站出来为我说话, 两人因此而建立了深厚的友谊. 在此后的很多年里 , 两人一直相互扶持, 相互鼓励 , 因此两人的深厚友情维系了很多年。推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“When the studio didnt want me for the filmitwanted somebody as well known as Paul-

50、he stood up for me.”可知, 他们需要的是一个像保罗一样有名气的人。由此推断作者起初被拒绝的原因是他的名气不够大。故选C。2. 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“ Both of us had the qualities and virtues typical of American actors:humorous aggressive,and making fun of each other-butthatarealways with an underlying affection Those were also at the core(核心 ) of ourrelation

51、shipoff the screen ”可知 , 两个人有相同的素质和美德, 同样幽默、有闯劲, 喜欢互相开玩笑 , 这些都是两人关系的核心所在。故选D。3. 推理判断题。根据“ We shared the brief that if youre fortunate enough to havesuccess,you should put something back,我们都有这个信仰: 如果你有幸获得成功, 你应该有所回馈。下文“ he with his Newmans Own food and hisHolein the Wall campsforkids who areseriously ill,andme with Sundance and the instituteand thefestival ”是作者举的例子 , 因此“ sharingthatbrought us together,可知 , 两人有共同的信仰。尽管他们很少见面 , 但是共同的信仰把他们连在一起。由此推断that指代的是上文中的信仰。故选 A。4. 推理判断题。文章首句提到与朋友的第一次见面, 最后一段提到最近的一次见面, 结尾谈到彼此之间的友谊不需要太多的语言, 由此推断