高考短文改错解题技巧

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1、短文改错解 题 攻 略开 州 区 陈 家 中 学 Mr. Yu 短文改错短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。 短文改错（2014年全国卷） My dream school starts at 8:

2、30 a.m. and ends at 3:30 p.m. They are three lesson in the morning There and two in the afternoon. We didnt need to do so dont many homework. Therefore , we have more much time with after-school activities. For example, we for can do reading for one and a half hour and play sport for one hour every

3、day. hours 短文改错 My dream school look like a big garden. There are looks all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom, buildings. We can lie on the grass for a rest, sat by the lake listening music. sit to The teachers here are kind and helpfully. helpful They are not only our teachers but

4、 also our friends. 短文改错一、短文改错常见考点设置： 1.考点设置之名词 命题特点:本来用复数,却用单数.改正方法 :(1)根据名词前的修饰限定成份; (2)根据上下文的逻辑关系. 1）.She said that she and my schoolmates all wished me success. 2）. After class we become strangers at once. 3）. They want me to devote all my time to my studies so that Ill get marks in all my subjec

5、ts. 短文改错4）. On the way up I was busy taking pictures since the scenery was so beautiful. 5）. There are advantages for students to work while studying at school. 6）. He had no idea that the kitchen was not for guests. 7）. I looked at his other hand. 短文改错考点设置之代词 命题特点： 1.女性代词指代男性或相反；2.单数指代复数； 3.代词词性误用。

6、 改正方法：联系上下文的逻辑关系。 代词的错误特点： 1.人称代词的偷换错误 2. 缺少人称代词的错误 3. 人称代词数的一致问题 4. 人称代词格的一致问题 短文改错 1). The Smiths did their best to make me feel at home 2) It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain. The three of us were very excited. 3) Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was

7、 learning to express myself in simple English . 短文改错 4) One day I wrote a little story and showed it to my teacher . 5) Some students may also save up for their college or future use . 短文改错 3.考点设置之介词 命题特点及改正方法：介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误：1）介词的基本用法；2）习惯搭配；3）动词词类确定错误，如talk, serve, wait等。 介词短语常常考， 固定搭配要记牢, 介

8、词后边跟宾语, 结合语境细推敲。 短文改错 1) We do not seem to get much time to talk about together. 2) I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. 3) The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English. 短文改错 4) Well talk about our plan f

9、or the weekend over dinner. 5) I am writing to thank you for your kind help. 6) He was looking for a glass in the cupboard. 7) Each of these lines stands for a trouble in my life. 短文改错 考点设置之时态 命题特点及改正方法：现在时与过去时的误用，句中一般没有时间状语。每年都考。要注意联系上下文，着眼于整个语篇的时态。通常整篇都是过去，突然一个句子用现在时。其中又以一般现在时和过去时互改为多。 短文改错 1) The

10、y do not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies . 2) The time passed quickly. Evening came. 3) She liked it very much and read it to the class. 短文改错 4)I dont know that they dont like to talk with me Sometimes, we talk to each other very well in class. 5) I w

11、ill write again and send you the photos we took together. 6) We had guests last night who had not stayed in a B&B hotel ago. 短文改错 连词and, but, or, so误用及前后不一致命题特点：主要考查and、or、but、so等并列连词的误用。关于连词，一般考查从句关系who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。改正方法；1）根据句意确定误； 2）根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误。 短文改错 1) Sh

12、e is smiling at me and nodding at me. 2) It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor or a guest. 3) The food was expensive but the service was good. 4) I came into the living room and saw one of them just go through the kitchen door and turn on the light. 短文改错 5) We fed monkeys, visited temples

13、and told stories. 6) She liked it very much and read it to the class. 7 I have a good friend whose name is Liu Mei. 8) I teach them, play with them, and watch them growing up. 9) Clever as she is,_ she works very hard. 短文改错 考点设置之从句连词 命题特点及改正方法：句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词等。解答这类题从以下方面来思考：1）句子结构是否完整，成份是否

14、冗缺；2）复合句中边接方句和从句的关系词或引导词的运用是否得当等。 短文改错 1) It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain. 2) I dont know why they dont like to talk with me. 3) The main problem was _ that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate everything into English. 4) Earning their own money allows the

15、m to spend on anything as _ they please. 5) They did not want breakfast because _ they were going out early in the morning. 短文改错 考点设置之冠词 命题特点及改正方法：英语中冠词只有三个，只能从以下几个方向出题： 1）不定冠词a和an互改； 2）不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改； 3）根据需要增删冠词。 短文改错 1) As everyone knows, its a famous mountain with all kinds of plants and anima

16、ls. 2) We may be one family and live under the same roof. 3) On Thursday I will have to decide what I want to do over the weekend. 4) I hope youve had a pleasant journey home 短文改错 考点设置之形容词和副词 命题特点及改正方法：主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。1）根据adj.或adv.的基本用法确定错误；2）修饰连系动词或名词用形容词；3）修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。 短文改错 1

17、) I would describe myself as shy and quiet. 2) There have been reports in America about people trying to steal personal information for bad purposes. 3) Finding information on the Net is easy. 短文改错 4) So what I learned from the job was much more important than what I earned. 5) My pronunciation was

18、terrible . 6) They came back late and had some tea. 短文改错 考点设置之非谓语动词 命题特点改正方法： 1）谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用； 2）动词不定式和动名词的错用； 3）现在分词和过去分词的错用等 短文改错 1) Earning their own money allows them to spend on anything as they please. 2) My parents will do all they can to make sure that I get a good education. 3) Soon I began

19、 to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English. 短文改错 4) We fed monkeys, visited temples and told stories. 5) Some students may also _ save up for our college or future use. 短文改错 短文改错口诀 动词形，名词数，还要注意形和副；非谓语，细辨别，习惯用法要记住； 句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注；冠词连词常光顾. 短文改错 短文改错口诀 动

20、词形，名词数，还要注意形和副；非谓语，细辨别，习惯用法要记住； 句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注；冠词连词常光顾. 短文改错 短文改错口诀 动词形，名词数，还要注意形和副；非谓语，细辨别，习惯用法要记住； 句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注；冠词连词常光顾. 短文改错 （一）动词形：主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。动词形常见错误：一般过去时与一般 现在时错用。 2）第三人称单数形式错用。 3） and 前后动词时态不一致。(and具有对称性） 4） 主谓不一致。 5） 缺少谓语动词（尤其缺be动词） 6） 主动语态与被动语态错用 7）Used to 的运用错误 短文改

21、错（二）名词数：指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。改正方法：根据名词前的修饰限定成份）根据上下文的逻辑关系 短文改错（三）还要注意形和副：注意形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错题的常考点。命题特点及改正方法：主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。根据adj或adv的基本用法确定错误；修饰连系动词或名词用形容词；修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。 短文改错（四）非谓语，细辨别：这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有现在分词、过去分词，动名词和不定式错误。1）不定式 2) 动名词作主语、宾语 3）and 连接的不定式或动名词前后

22、一致（尤其距离较远时） 4）现在分词和过去分词的区别等 短文改错 （五）习惯用法要记住：主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。 （六）句子成分多分析：不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语境要选择不同的词语。只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。 短文改错 （七）逻辑错误须关注：与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误，如称谓上的张冠李戴。 （八）冠词连词常光顾：常考的错误形式有：连词but， and， or和so的用法错误，以及冠词的用法错误 短文改错 短文改错小结 做短文改错应采取 六个步骤 和四不改 短文改错六个步骤：通读短文，整体把握短文大意。 （2）细读全文，逐句分析，把握结构，逐一作答。（3）粗略分析词法、句法、逻辑上是否有问题。 （4）逐行修改，先易后难。（5）复读全文，验证答案。 （6）要注意答题是否合乎规范。 短文改错四不改:标点符号不改。大小写不改。 词序错误不改（不是不改，而是按错词或少词来改)。在纲外生词不改。文中出现带汉语注释的词，在句中不可能用错.