八年级下册情态动词讲解1

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1、-精选文档 -情态动词Two eyes can see more than one.两只眼比一只眼看得清。（一）情态动词的定义: 情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。2） 表示可能（理论上或是逻辑判断上）（二）情态动词的特点He can t (couldn t) have enough money for a new car.他不可能有足够的1. 情态动词有一定的词义。钱买新车。2. 情态动词不能单独做谓语，它必须和其他动词的原形一起构成谓语。3） 表示允许：3. 情态动词没有人称，数的变化。Can I have a look at your new pen?我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗？（

2、三）情态动词的结构和意义He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading-room.1.情态动词的基本句型他问他可不可以把书带出阅览室。肯定句：主语 + 情态动词 + 动词原形 +.4） 表示对现在动作或状态的猜测，主要用于否定句和疑问句中或感叹句中:否定句：主语 + 情态动词 +not+动词原形 +.He can t (couldn t) be over sixty.他不可能超过六十岁。疑问句：情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 +.5） could表示比 can 更委婉客气的提出问题或陈述看法，指的是现在时间。2. 情态动词

3、的意义Can (Could) you lend me a hand?帮我一把好吗？must “必须”； can/could“能，会”； may/might“可以”； should “应can和 be able to的用法比较该”；would “愿，要”； have to “不得不”； need “需要”(1) 主语都可用来表示“有能力”， be able to强调通过努力而做到的。（四）情态动词的基本用法A deer can / is able to run very fast.1.can (could主要指过去时间)(2) be able to可以表示“在过去某人能够做某事且做到了”。1）

4、表示人或物本身所具有的能力，意为“能，能够，会”:All the people were able to run out of building from the big fire.可编辑-精选文档 -2. may (might)3)must 的疑问句，肯定回答用must ， 否定回答用 needn t 或 don t have to 。1 ）表允许， 询问或说明一件事可不可以做，might 指过去时间； 但在疑问句中 might4.shall也可指现在时间，语气比may 更委婉。1）在疑问句中用于征求对方意见，主要用于第一人称(在英国英语中，也用于第三人May (Might) I ask f

5、or a photo of your baby?我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗？称 )，其意为“要不要” 、“好吗”：肯定回答： may, 或 Yes, please. / Certainly./Sure./Of course.Shall I get you a chair for you?要不要我给你拿把椅子来?否定回答根据说话人的语气由强到弱分：must not(mustn t) （禁止） / had better2）在陈述句表示说话者的允诺、告诫、威胁、 命令、规定、必然性等， 主要用于第二、not （最好别） / may not（不行）三人称： You shall suffer for t

6、his.你会为此事吃苦头的。(表威胁 )2) may 表可能 ,但所表示的可能性不如can 所表示的那样肯定。 might 可以指过去时That day shall come那一天一定会来。(表必然性 )间，也可以指现在时间，但语气更加不肯定。Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow.告诉他这本书明天给他。 (表允诺 )He may be at home.他可能在家。【注】有时用于第一人称，表示决心：They might be having a meeting, but I m not他们sure有.可能在开会，不过I shall return

7、.我一定回来。 (表示决心 )我不肯定。5.should3. must （ have to 表示客观需要）1）表责任或义务，意为“应该”，用于各种人称。1 ）表示 “必须” （主观看法 ）时，用于肯定句或疑问句；用于否定句时表示 “禁止”。You should be polite to your teachers.你对老师应该有礼貌。We must do everything step by step.我们一切都必须循序渐进地做。2）表推测，意为“想必一定、照说应该、估计”等。2 ）表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。The film should be very good a

8、s it is starring first-class actors.He must be ill. He looks so pale.他准是病了。他的脸色苍白。这部新电影是一流演员主演的，估计拍得很好。可编辑-精选文档 -6.will1 ）表意愿 ,用于各种人称。I will do anything for you.我愿为你做任何事。2)will在疑问句中用于第二人称，表示询问对方的意愿或向对方提出请求Will you close the window?请你把窗户关上好吗？7.would1 ）will 的过去式，表示过去时间的“意志、意愿”。I said I would do anythi

9、ng for you.我说过我愿意为你做任何事。2 ）would用于现在时间，表示比较委婉地提出请求、建议或看法。Would you like another glass of beer?再来杯啤酒好吗？8.need1)need作为情态动词，主要用于否定句疑问句；作为实义动词可用于肯定句，否定句或疑问句中。You needn t telephone him now.你现在不必打电话给他。2) 回答由 need引起的问句时，肯定回答一般用must ，否定回答是用needn t-Need I come? -Yes, you must. -我需要来吗？- 需要。情态动词练习题() 1. John_

10、come to see us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet.A. mayB. canC. has toD. must() 2 .They _ do well in the exam.A. can be able toB. be able toC. can able toD. are able to() 3. -May I take this book out?-No, you_.A. cantB. may notC. needntD. arent() 4. You_ go and see a doctor at once because youre go

11、t a fever.A. canB. mustC. dareD. would() 5. -Can you speak Japanese?-No, I_.A. mustntB. cantC. needntD. may not() 6. -He_ be in the classroom, I think.-No, he _ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago.A. can; may notB. must; may notC. may; cantD. may; mustnt() 7. -Shall I get one more ca

12、ke for you, Dad?-Thanks, but you_, Ive had enough.A. may notB. must notC. cantD. neednt() 8. Even the top students in our class cant work out this problem, so itbe verydifficult.A. mayB. mustC. canD. need() 9. He isnt at school. I think he _ be ill.A. canB. shallC. mustD. has to()10. _ I take this o

13、ne?A. MayB. WillC. AreD. Do() 11. The children_ play football on the road.A. cantB. canC. mustntD. must() 12. You _ be late for school again next time.A. mustntB. needntC. dont have toD. dont need to() 13. -Must I do my homework at once? -No, you_.A. needntB. mustntC. cantD. may not() 14. His arm is

14、 all right. He_ go and see the doctor.A. has not toB. dont have toC. havent toD. doesnt have to()15. He had to give up the plan, _ he?A. didB. didntC. doesD. doesnt() 16. They had to walk here, _ they?A. mustntB. didC. didntD. hadnt() 17. He had better stay here, _ he?A. didntB. dontC. hadntD. isnt(

15、)18. Youd better_late next time.A. not to beB. not beC. wont beD. dont be()19. Youd better _ your hair _ once a month.A. had; cutB. had; cuttedC. have; cutD. have; cutted() 20. You_ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way.A. had better not toB. had not betterC. had betterD. had better not()

16、21. -Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday? -_.可编辑-精选文档 -A. Here you areB. Sorry, I cantC. Yes, pleaseD. Let me try() 22. -Why dont you ask Mike to go with us? -Thanks, _.A. I willB. I wontC. leanD. I may() 23. -_ I take the newspaper away?-No, you mustnt. You_read it only here.A. Mus

17、t; canB. May; canC. Need; mustD. Must; must() 24. Excuse me. _ you please pass me that cup?A. DoB. ShouldC. WouldD. Must() 25. _ you like to have another try?A. CouldB. WillC. WouldD. Do() 26. -Would you like to go boating with us?-Yes, _.A. Id likeB. I wantC. Id like toD. I do() 27. You_ worry abou

18、t your son. He will get well soon.A. needntB. cantC. mustntD. have to() 2 8.The poor man needs our help, _ he?A. needB. needntC. doesD. doesnt() 29. -Must we do our homework first?-No, you_. You may have a rest first.A. mustntB. needntC. may notD. cant()30. I was told to be here before eight.-Oh, yo

19、u _.I m sorry for not telling you that we have changedthe plan.A. mustB. can tC. mayD. needn t()31. You _ write the poem down. Our teacher will give us a copy.A. can tB. shouldn tC. needn tD. mustn t()32. We _ keep the new traffic law and learn how to protect ourselves.A. mayB. shouldC. canD. need()

20、33. Mrs. Green _ go to hospital, but now she is in good health.A. has toB. needs toC. used toD. ought to()34. Will you answer the phone? It _ be your mother.-Sorry, I _.I m busy.A. can,mustn tB. will,can tC. may,can tD. need,will()35. There is somebody at the door. _ I go and see who it is?A. ShallB. MustC. WillD. Would可编辑