医学词根词缀

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1、Medical Terminology a-, an 缺乏，不足 atrophy n./v. 萎缩 ab-偏离，脱离abduction n.诱导 abdomen- 肚子，腹部 abdominalgia 腹痛 acou-, acu-听，听觉acoustic n.原声乐器 adj.音响的 acr-, acro- 最高，开头 acromegaly n.肢端肥大症 actin-放线 actiniform adj.放射型的 ad-向adrenal n.肾上腺adj.肾上腺的aden-腺 adenitis n.腺炎-agogue鼓动着，引导者cholagogue n.利胆剂adj.利胆的 alge-, a

2、lgo-痛 algetic adj.疼痛的 -algia 疼痛 myalgian.肌痛amb- 两面的，双面的 ambidexterity n. 两面派手法 ambly 微暗 amblyopia n. 弱视 ant, anti-反对抵抗antibiotic n.抗生素adj.抗生的 ante- 在之前antenatal adj.出生前的 antero-位于前部的 anterolateraladj.前外侧的arthr-关节 arthral adj.关节的 audio-听 audiogenicadj.音源性的aut-, auto- 自动 自我 autistic n/adj 孤僻的 bi-有二的，双

3、边的 bisexualadj.双性恋bio-生命，生物biopsy n.活组织检查 blast- 芽 blastula n. 胚泡 blenn- 粘液 blennogenic 粘液的 blephar- 眼睑 blepharitis n. 眼睑炎 brachi-手臂 brachial adj.臂状的 brachy 短 brachydactylia n.短指 brady-迟钝 bradycardia n.心动过缓 bronch 支气管 bronchoscope n.气管镜 bucc- 口，颊 buccal adj.口腔的 carcin-肝癌细胞 carcinoman.肿瘤cardi- cardia

4、c adj.心脏的 n.强心齐 U -cele腔肿cystocelen.膀胱突出centi-百分之一 centimeter n.厘米 cephal-头 cephalalgian.头痛cheil-唇，边缘 cheilitisn.唇炎cheir-手chiropractic n.脊椎按摩疗法 chol- 胆汁 cholochrome胆色素chondr-软骨 chondrocyten.软骨细胞chrono-时间 chronologyn.年表-cid 降落 suicide n/adj 自杀的 circum- 在 周围 circumrenal 肾脏周围的 colp- 阴道 colposcope n.阴道镜

5、 contra-反对，相反contraindication n.禁忌症costa-, costo 肋骨，叶脉 intercostal n/adj 肋间的部分 counter- 相反， countertraction 对抗牵引 crani-颅 craniotomy n.穿颅术 cry-叫喊，哭cryogenicadj.冷冻的crypt地下室 隐窝crypticadj.神秘的cut-切割，伤口 subcutaneous adj.皮下的 cysti-囊 cystitis n.膀胱炎 cyt-, cyto-, cyte- 细胞 cytemian.异细胞血症dacry- 泪 泪器 dacryocystn

6、.泪囊dactyl-手指 dactylitis n.指炎 derm-皮肤 dermatitisn.皮肤炎di-, diplo-复，双 diglossian.双舌dia-通过，横穿 diaphragm n.隔膜 dis-分离，相反disarticulationn.关节脱落dolicho- 长 dolichocephalic n/adj 长头的 dorsi- 背 dorsiflexion n 背屈 -dynia 疼痛 myodynian.肌痛dys- 不良 dysentery n. 痢疾 -ectasis 扩张，膨胀 angiectasis 血管扩张 ecto-外部，外面 ectoderm n.外

7、胚层 -ectomize 切除 thyroidectomize给切除甲状腺-emia glycemian.血糖过多encephal- 脑的 encephalitisn. 脑炎end- 内 endarterialadj.脑脉内的enter- 肠 enterocolitisn.小肠结肠炎epi- 在上面 epicardiumn.心外膜eryth- 红斑 erythema n.红斑 -esthesia 感觉 anesthesia n.麻痹 eu-真正良好euphoria n.欣快症 ex-, exo-夕卜，超过excretionn.排泄extra- 在之外 extrasystole n.期外收缩 -

8、ferentafferentadj.传入的fibr- 纤维 fibrillationn.纤维性颤动galact- 乳 galactemia 血乳 gastr- 腹侧 gastritis n.胃炎 -gen 产生 allergen n.过敏原 -genic 产生的 endogenic adj.内生的 genito-生殖genitoplastyn.生殖器成形术geno- 种genotype n. 基因型geny- 颌genyantrum上颌窦-geny 起源，产生 progeny n.子孙 glio-, -glio 胶质 glioma n.胶质瘤 gloss-光泽 glossitis n.舌炎 g

9、ly- 甘氨酸 glycemia n 血糖过多gon- 生养 gonad n. 性腺-gram 图画 electrocardiogramn.心电图-graph 书写器 electrocardiograph n.心电图仪 gyn-, gyne- 雌 gynatresia 阴道闭锁 hem-, hema- 血 hematoma n.血肿 hemi- 半 heminephrectomy 半肾切除术 hepat- 肝 hepatitis n. 肝炎 heter-, hetero- 其他的heterocrine adj.多种分泌的hist-, histio- 组织 histology n.组织学 hom

10、eo- 相同 homosexual n/adj 同性恋的 hydr-, hydro- 水 hydrocele n.积水 hyper-高于 hyperesthesia n.感觉过敏 hypo- 在下 hypodermic n/adj 皮下注射器 hyster-子宫hysterectomy n.子宫切除-iatrics,-trics 分科 pediatrics n.小儿科 idio- 个人的 idiopathic adj 先天的 ilio- 髂 iliotibial 髂胫的 im-,in-在内 infiltration n.渗透 inter- 在之间intercostal n/adj 肋间的-it

11、is 发炎 keratitis n. 角膜炎 kerat-,kerato-角膜 keratoplasty n.角膜移植术 lact-,lacto- 乳 lactation n. 哺乳 leck-,leuko-无色的 leukoplakia n.黏膜白斑病 lith-,litho- 石 lithopedion 胎儿石化 -logy,-ology 学 graphology n.图表法 lyso-,-lysis 分解 hemolysisn.血细胞溶解macro- 大的 macroblast 巨成红细胞 mal- 坏 malocclusion n. 咬合不正 malac-,malaco-,-malac

12、ia 软 malacosarcosis 肌肉松软 mast-,masto-乳房，乳腺 mastocarcinoma n.乳癌 meg-,mega-,megal-,megalo- 巨 megalencephalon 巨脑 men-,meno- 月经 menorrhagia n.月经过多 mening-,meningo- 脑膜 meningitis n. 脑膜炎 ment-,mento- 下巴 mentum n. 下巴 mes-,mesa-,meso- 中央 mesaortitis 中央 meta- 在 后 metacarpus n. 掌 micro- 微，小 microcyte 小红细胞 my-

13、,myo- 肌肉 myometrium n.子宫肌层 myc-,mycet-,myco- 真菌 mycete 菌类 myel-,myelo-骨髓 osteomyelitis n.骨髓炎 necr-,necro-死死尸 necropsy n.验尸 neo- 新的 neopathy 新病 neph-,nephro- 肾 nephron n. 肾元 neur-,neuro- 神经 neuralgia n. 神经痛 noct-,nocti- 夜 noctiphobia n. 黑夜恐怖症 nos-,noso- 疾病 noctambulation 梦游 ocul-,oculo- 眼 oculomotor

14、adj. 动眼神经的 odont-,odonto- 牙 odontology n. 牙科-oid 像的 lymphoid adj.淋巴的 olig-,oligo- 低 oligospermia n. 精子减少 -oma 瘤 hematoma n.血肿onych-,onycho-扌旨甲paronychia n.甲沟炎oo-,ovi-,ovo-卵 oviduct n.输卵管 oophor-,oophoro- 卵巢 oophorocystectomy 卵巢囊肿切除术 ophthalm-,ophthalmo-眼 ophthalmoscope n.眼底镜 orth-,ortho-直的 orthodont

15、ist n.正牙医生 oss-,osseo-,ossi-,oste-,osteo-骨 osteitis n.骨炎-ostomy 造口术 colostomy n.结肠造口术 ot-,oto- 耳otomycosis 耳霉病菌-otomy 切开术 phlebotomy n.放血 ovar-,ovario-卵巢 ovariectomy n.卵巢切除术 para-并行，超越paramedical adj.辅助医务的 path-,patho-,-pathy 疗法 endocrinopathy n.内分泌病 ped-,pedia-儿童 pediatrician n.儿童医师-penia 缺乏 thromb

16、ocytopenia n.血小板减少 per-通，总 peracidity n.过酸性 peri- 周围，邻近 pericardium n.心包 -pexy 固定 nephropexy 肾固定术phag-, phago-吞噬phagocyte n.吞噬细胞-phagia, -phagy 食 dysphagia n.咽下困难 -phasia某种语言的变态dysphasia n.语言障碍症 -phil,-philic 喜的 eosinophilia n.嗜伊红血球过多 phleb-,phlebo-静脉 phlebotomy n.放血 phob-,-phobia 恐惧 acrophobia n.恐高

17、症 pile-,pili-,pilo- 堆，累积 pilonidal adj 藏毛的 -plasty 形成 kineplasty n. 运动成形切断术 pleur-,pleuro-在旁 pleurisy n.胸膜炎 -pnea 呼吸 dyspnea n.呼吸困难 pneum-,pneuma-,pneumo-,pneumon-,pneumato-肺 pneumonia n.肺炎 pod-,podo-足 podiatry n.足部医疗-poiesis 形成hematopoiesis n.造血作用polio- 小儿麻痹poliomyelitisn.小儿麻痹症poly-表示多的，多个的polyarth

18、ritis n.多发性关节炎 post- 在 后 postocular 眼后的 pre- 在 前 precancerous adj 癌症前期的 presby- 老 presbyophrenia n. 年老精神病态 pro- 赞成，领先 prodromal adj 前驱的 proct-,procto-直肠 proctologist n.直肠病学家pseud-,pseudo- 假，伪 pseudoarthrosis 假关节 psych-,psycho-精神 psychotherapy n.心理疗法 -ptosis 下垂 enteroptosis n.肠下垂 pulmo-,pulmono- 肺 pu

19、lmonic adj 肺的 py-,pyo- 与脓有关的 pyogenic adj,化脓的 pyel-,pyelo- 肾盂 pyelonephrosis 肾盂肾病 rachi-,rachio- 脊柱 rachiocentesis 椎管穿刺 ren -肾 renal adj.肾脏的 retro-向后，追溯 retroperitoneal adj.腹膜后的 rheo-流 rheology n.流变学 rhin-,rhino-鼻 rhinitis n.鼻炎-rrhage,-rrhagia过量出血 menorrhagia n.月经过多-rrhaphy 缝合enterorrhaphy 肠缝合术-rrhe

20、a 分泌 gonorrhea n.淋病 salping-,salpingo-输卵管 salpingitisn.输卵管炎scler-,sclero-硬化 scleroderma n.硬皮病 scolio-弯曲scoliosis n.脊柱侧凸 -scope范围，眼界 bronchoscope n.气管镜 semi- 半 semicanalis 半管 sep-,septic 腐烂物 sepsis n.败血症 -sis 过程 dermatosis n.皮肤病 somat-,somato- 躯体 somatalgia 躯体痛 splanchn-,splanchno- 内脏 splanchnoptosis

21、 n.内脏下垂 sta- 静止 static n/adj 静电 sten-,steno-,-sthenia,-sthenic 强壮 sthenophotic 强光的视力 sub- 在下方 subcutaneous adj 皮下的 super- 在之上 supernatant n/adj 上层的 supra- 在上 suprarenal n/adj 肾上腺 sym-,syn-类似 synapse n.突触 syring-,syringo- 管 syringomyelia n.脊髓空洞症 tacho-,tachy-力口速tachycardia n.心动过速tars-,tarso- 跗骨tarsop

22、tosis 扁平足-taxia,-taxis 排列thermotaxis n. 向热性tens- 拿住 extension n. 延长 therm-,thermo-,-thermy 热 thermocautery n.热烙术 tox-,toxic-,toxico- 毒 toxicosis 中毒 trache-气管 tracheitis n.气管炎 trans- 横过，贯穿transpiration n.蒸发tri- 三 triad n. 三和音 trich-,tricho- 毛trichocardia n.绒毛心-trophic,-trophy 营养 hypertrophy n.肥大 -tro

23、pic 旋转 adrenotropicadj.促肾上腺的uni- 一，单 unilateral adj.单边的 -uria 尿hematuria n. 血尿vas-,vaso- 管 vasodilation n. 血管舒张 viscer-,viscero-内脏 visceroptosis n.内脏下垂 xero- 干燥 xeroderman.皮肤干燥病a- not, without, less ab- from, away from, off abs- from, away from, off ad- in crease, adhere nee, moti on toward, very-ad

24、 toward, in the direction of, -ward alge- pain algesi- pain algio- pain algo- pain ambi- aro und, on (both) sides, on all sides, both amyl- starch, polysaccharide nature or origin amylo- starch, polysaccharide nature or origin an- not, without, -less ana- up, toward, apartan te- before an ti- aga in

25、 st, oppos ing; curative; an an tibody apo- separated from, derived from arteri- artery arterio- artery arthr- a joint, an articulati on arthro- a joint, an articulation-ase an en zyme-ate a salt or ester of an “ic” acidaut- self, same auto- self, same bacteri- bacteria bacterio- bacteria bi- twice,

26、 double bio- life blasto- budd ing by cells or tissuebron ch- bron chus bron chi- bron chus bron cho- bron chus carcin- cancer carcino- cancer cardi- the heart; esophageal opening of stomach cardio- the heart; esophageal opening of stomach cata- down cephal- the head cephalo- the head chem- chemistr

27、y chemo- chemistry chlor- green; chlorine chloro- green; chlorine chol- bile chondrio- cartilage; granular; grittychrom- color chromat- color chromo- color-cidal killi ng, destro ying-cide killi ng, destro ying cis- on this side, on the n ear side co- with, together, in association, very, complete c

28、ol- with, together, in association, very, complete com- with, together, in association, very, complete con- with, together, in associati on, very, complete cor- with, together, in association, very, complete carni- cranium cranio- cranium cry- cold cryo- cold cycl- a circle, a cycle; the ciliary bod

29、y cyst- the bladder; the cystic duct; a cyst cysti- the bladder; the cystic duct; a cyst cysto- the bladder; the cystic duct; a cyst cyt- cell -cyte cell cyto- cell dactyl- the fin gers, the toes dactylo- the fin gers, the toes de- away from, cessati on derm- skin derma- skin dermat- skin dermato- s

30、kin dermo- skin dextr- right, toward or on the right side dextro- right, toward or on the right sidedi- separation, taking apart, reversal, not, undif- separation, taking apart, reversal, not, undir- separation, taking apart, reversal, not, undis- separation, taking apart, reversal, not, un- duode n

31、o- the duode num-dynia pain dynamo- force, energy dys- bad, difficult ect- outer, on the outside ecto- outer, on the outside en cephal- the bra in en cephalo- the bra in end- with in, inner en do- with in, inner enter- the intestines entero- the intestines epi- upon, f ollow ing, subseque nt to ergo

32、- workerythr- red, red nesserythro- red, red nessesthesio- sensation, perceptioneu- good, wellex- out of, from, away fromexo-exterior, exter nal, outwardextra- without, outside offerri-the prese nee in a compo und of a ferric ionferro-metallic iron, the divale nt ion (Fe 2+fibr- fiberfibro-fiber-for

33、min the form or shape ofgalact- milk galacto- milkgen produc ing, com ing to be; precursor of gloss- the tongue glosso- the tongue gluco- glucose glyco- sugars gnath- the jaw gnatho- the jaw-gram a record ing granul- granular, granule granulo- granular, granule-graph a record ing in strume nt gyn- w

34、oman gyne- woman gyneco- woman gyno- woman hem- bloodhema- blood hemat- blood hemato- blood hemi- one-half hemo- blood hepat- the liver hepatico- the liver hepato- the liver hidr- sweat hidro- sweat hist- tissue histio- tissue histo- tissue hydr- water; hydrogen hydro- water; hydrogen hyper- excessi

35、ve, above normal hypo- ben eath; dim inu ti on, deficie ncy; the lowest hyster- uterus; hysteria; ;late, followi ng-ia a condition-iasis a con diti on, a state-ic perta ining to-ics orga ni zed kno wledge, practice, treatme ntileo-the ileum （回肠）in fra-belowin terbetwee n, amongin tra-withinirid- the

36、 irisirido-the irisischi-the ischium （坐骨）ischio- the ischium-ism condition, disease; a practice, doctrine-ismus spasm; contractioniso- equal, like; isomer of”； sameness-ite the nature of, resembling-ites -y, -like-itides plural of -itisitis inflammation （炎症） karyo- nu cleus kerat- the comea （角膜） ker

37、ato- the comea kin- moveme nt kine- moveme nt kin esi- moti on kin esio- moti on kin eso- moti on kino- moveme nt lact- milk lacti- milelacto- milk laryng- the lar ynx （喉） laryn go- the lar ynx latero- lateral, to one side, a sidelepsis a seizurelepsy seizure lepto- light （轻），slender （细）,thin （薄）,fr

38、ail （弱） leuk- white leuko- white linguo- tongue lip- fat, lipid lipo- fat, lipid lith- a stone, calculus, calcificati on litho- a stone, calculus, calcificati onlog speech, words log- speech, wordslogin study of; collect ing logo- speech, wordslogy study of; collecting lymph- lymph lympho- lymph lys

39、- lysis, dissoluti on lyso- lysis, dissoluti on macr- large; long macro- large; long mast- breast masto- breast meg- large, oversize; one millio n mega- large, oversize; one milli on megal- large megalo- largemegaly largemela n- black mela no- blackmening- menin ges （脑脊膜）menin go- menin gesmes- midd

40、le, mean, in termediacy; mese ntery （肠系膜）meso-middle, mean, in termediacy; mese nterymeta-after, beh ind; joint acti on, shar ingmicr- small ness; on e-milli on th; microscopicmicro-small ness; on e-milli on th; microscopicmon- singlemonosi nglemorph-form, shape, structuremorpho- form, shape, struct

41、uremyx- mucus （粘液）myxo- mucus necr- death, necrosisnecro- death, necrosisn ephr-the kid ney nephro- the kidney n eur- a n erve, the n ervous system n euri- a n erve, the n ervous system n euro- a n erve, the n ervous system oculo- eye, ocular odont- tooth odonto- tooth odyn- pain odyno- painoid rese

42、mbla nee to olig- few, little oligo- few, littleoma tumor, neoplasm-omata plural of omaoncho- onco on co- tumor, bulk, volumeone a ketone （-CO-酮）group ony ch- fin ger nail （扌旨甲），toe nail （趾甲） ony cho- fin ger nail, toe nail oo- egg, ovary （卵巢） oophor- ovary oophoro- ovary ophthalm- the eye ophthalmo

43、- the eye orchi- testis （睾丸） orchido- testis orchio- testisoses plural of osisosis process, con diti on, state ossi- boneosseo- bony ost- bone oste- bone osteo- bone ovar卜 ovary ovario- ovary ovi- egg ovo- egg oxa- the presenee or addition of oxygen atom(s) oxo- additi on of oxyge n oxy- sharp; acid

44、; acute; shrill; quick; oxyge n paehy- thick pan- all, en tire pant- all, en tire pan to- all, en tire para- abn ormal; in volveme nt of two like partspath- disease patho- disease-pathy disease ped- child; foot pedi- child; foot pedo- child; foot-penia deficiency per- through, thoroughly, intensely

45、peri- aro und, about-pexy fixation, usually surgical phaco- len s-shaped; relati on to a lens （晶状体，透镜）-phage eati ng, devour ing-phagia eating, devouring phago- eati ng, devour ing-phagy eating, devouring pharmaco- drugs, medicinepharyng- the pharynx （咽） pharyngo- the pharynxphleb- veinphlebo- veinp

46、hon- sound,speechphono- sound,speechphor- carrying, bearing; a carrier, a bearer; phoria （隐斜视）phoro- carrying, bearing; a carrier, a bearer; phoriaphos- light （光）phot- lightphoto- lightphren- diaphragm （横膈膜）;the mind; phrenic （膈膜的，精神的）phre ni-diaphragm; the mind; phre nic-phrenia of mindphre ni co-

47、diaphragm; the mind; phre nic phre no- diaphragm; the mind; phre nicphysi- physical; n atural; the scie nee of physicsphysio-physical; n atural; the scie nee of physicsphyso-tendency to swell or in flate; air, gasphyt- pla ntsphyto-pla nts-plasiaformatio nplasma- plasma （血浆）plasmat- plasmaplasmato-

48、plasmaplasmo-plasma-plegiaparalysis （麻痹，瘫痪）pleur- rib （肋骨）,side, pleura （胸膜，肋膜）pleura-rib, side, pleurapleuro-rib, side, pleurapluri- several, more-pnea breath, respirati onpn eo- breath, respirati on pn eum- air, gas; the lun gs; breath ing pneuma- air, gas; the lungs; breathing pneumat- air, gas;

49、the lungs; breathing pneumato- air, gas; the lungs; breathing pod- foot, foot-shaped-pod foot, foot-shaped podo- foot, foot-shaped-poiesis producti on post- after, beh ind, posterior pre- an terior, before pro- before, forward; precursor of proct- the anus （肛门）,the rectum （直肠） procto- the anus, the

50、rectum psych- the mind psyche- the mind psycho- the mind pyel- （renal） pelvis （骨盆）：肾盂pyelo- （re nal） pelvispyo- suppuration （化脓），an accumulation of pus, pus （脓）pyreto- feverpyro-fire, heat, feverrachi-the spinerachio- the spineradio- radiati on （辐射）,chiefly x-ray; radius （桡骨）re- aga in, backwardrect

51、- the rectumrecto-the rectumretro-backward, beh indrhin- the noserhino- the nose-rrhagia discharge-rrhaphy surgical suturi ng （缝合）-rrheaa flow ing, a fluxsalp ing-a tube:输卵管，咽鼓管salp in go- a tubesarco-muscular substa nee, flesh-likeschisto-split, cleftschiz-split, cleft, divisio nschizo-split, cleft

52、, divisio nscler-hardness （induration）（硬化），sclerosis, the sclera （巩膜）sclero-hard ness （in durati on）, sclerosis, the sclera-scopean in strume nt for viewi ng-scopythe use of an in strume nt for view ingsemi- one-half; partlysial- saliva （涎）,the salivary glands （唾液腺，涎腺）sialo- saliva, the salivary gla

53、nds sigmoid- sigmoid, the sigmoid colon sigmoido- sigmoid, the sigmoid colon sito- food, grainsomat- the body, bodilysomatico- the body, bodilysomato-the body, bodilyspasmo-spasmsperma-seme n （精液）,spermatozoa （精子）spermato- semen, spermatozoaspermo-seme n, spermatozoaspla nchn- the viscera （内脏）splanc

54、hni- the viscerasplanchno- the viscerasplen- the spleenspleno- the spleenstaphyl-a grape, a bunch of grapes; staphylococci （葡 萄球菌）staphylo-a grape, a bunch of grapes; staphylococci-stat an age nt to preve nt cha nging or moving ste no- n arrow ness, con stricti on stheno- strength, force, power stom

55、- mouth stoma- mouth stomat- mouth stomato- mouth sub- ben eath, less tha n n ormal, i nf erior super- in excess, above, superior, i n the upper part sy- together syl- together sym- together syn- together sys- together thel- the nipples （乳头） thelo- the nipplestherm- heat thermo- heat thorac- the che

56、st, the thorax thoracico- the chest, the thorax thoraco- the chest, the thorax thromb- blood clot thrombo- blood clot thyr- the thyroid gla nd toco- childbirth-tome a cutt ing in strume nt; a segme nt, secti on-tomy a cutting operation tono- tone, tension, pressure top- place, topical topo- place, t

57、opical tox- a toxin, a poison toxi- a tox in, a pois on toxico- a tox in, a pois on toxo- a tox in, a pois ontrache-the trachea （气管）tracheo- the tracheatran s-across, through, bey ondtrich- the hair, a hairlike structuretrichi-the hair, a hairlike structure-trichiathe hair, a hairlike structuretrich

58、o-the hair, a hairlike structure-trophic food, nutrition tropho- food, nutrition-trophyfood, nu triti on-tropictur ning toward, affi nityuri- uric acid uric- uric acidurico-uric acidvas- a duct, a blood vessel vasculo- a blood vessel vaso- a duct, a blood vessel vesic- a vesica （膀胱）,a vesicle vesico- a vesica, a vesicle xanth- yellow, yellowish xantho- yellow, yellowish zo- an an imal, an imal life zoo- an an imal, an imal life zym- fermentation （发酵），enzymes （酶） zymo- fermentation, enzyme