Vision2020therighttosight'视觉2020享有看见的权利”

《Vision2020therighttosight'视觉2020享有看见的权利”》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Vision2020therighttosight'视觉2020享有看见的权利”（20页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、“Vision 2 0 2 0 : The right to sight”Dr.Rajesh Babu BMS, FMRF, MSc (CEH) ICEH,LSHTM UKConsultantUveitis Vision 2 0 2 0 : the right to sight. “Vision 2 0 2 0 : The right to sight”Ministries of Health International NGOsIAPB,UKSightsavers international,UKCBM, GermanyORBIS,USAOEU,Canada Established 2 0

2、years ago, the MECTIZAN Donation Program is the single largest, longest standing public/private partnership of its kind and is widely regarded as one of the most successful public-private health collaborations in the world. Under the VISION 2 0 2 0 programme Carl Zeiss will be major supporter for th

3、e establishment of five training centres within the next five years. The funds will be used for training staff and equipping the centre. Seeing is Believing programme has contributed substantially to the global VISION 2 0 2 0 initiative, combining awareness-creating, volunteering as well as millions

4、 of dollars in fundraising support. Major corporate members “Vision 2 0 2 0 : The right to sight” The name is suggestive both of the goal, the prevention of avoidable vision loss and blindness by the year 2 0 2 0 and the notion of good vision, 2 0 /2 0 (6 /6 ) vision as the target. Five key areas fo

5、r action Cataract, Trachoma, Onchocerciasis, Childhood blindness, Refractive error and low vision. Three strategies Implementing specific programmes to control the major causes of blindness. Creating adequate eye-care facilities, particularly in underprivileged areas using appropriate technology. Cr

6、eating a foundation of well-trained eye-care workers. Creating a foundation of well-trained eye-care workers. Human Resource Development Infrastructure Development Disease Control Programmes Specific activities Intensified surgical intervention for Cataract, which at present accounts for half of all

7、 blindness Provision of spectacles, especially for school children. Prevention and treatment of nutritional deficiencies that lead to blindness in children. VISION 2 0 2 0 APPROACH Groups of communities with high levels of blindness will be identified. Eye-care infrastructure and manpower will be pr

8、ovided to these communities-within catchment populations of 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 to 1 million people. Affordable high quality eye care services would be provided using these resources. Implementing specific programmes to control the major causes of blindness. Disease Control Programmes CataractRefractive Er

9、rorDiabetic RetinopathyGlaucomaOnchocerciasisTrachomaChildhood Blindness SAFE strategy Ivermectin distribution, vector control, OCP Childhood BlindnessTo identify areas where childhood blindness from preventable disease is common and to encourage preventive measures, for example: (a) Measles immuniz

10、ation; (b) Vitamin A supplementation; (c) Nutrition education; (d) Avoidance of harmful traditional practices; (e) Monitoring of use of oxygen in newborns. To provide specialist training and services for the management of surgically remediable visual loss in children from: (a) Congenital cataract; (

11、b) Congenital glaucoma; (c) Corneal scar; (d) Retinopathy of prematurity. Childhood BlindnessTo develop low vision services for visually handicapped children. To promote school screening programmes for the diagnosis and management of common conditions, i.e.: (a) Refractive errors, particularly myopi

12、a; (b) trachoma (in endemic areas). To promote education about How to look after your eyes as part of the normal school curriculum for children. To make sure that all children in blind schools are examined by an ophthalmologist (using the WHO form where possible) and receive medical,surgical, optica

13、l or low vision service to maximise potential vision. Vitamin A deficiency. To work closely with nutrition, immunisation and PHC systems to achieve and sustain elimination of vitamin A deficiency.To establish surveillance systems to identify any new cases of blinding xerophthalmia and report the occ

14、urrence for action by child survival programmes. Refractive Error and Low Vision Create awareness and demand for refractive services through community-based services/primary eye care and school screening. Develop accessible refractive services for individuals identified with significant refractive e

15、rrors. Training in refraction and dispensing for paramedical eye workers if ophthalmologists and/or refractionists are not available in sufficient number. Ensure that optical services provide affordable spectacles for individuals with significant refractive errors. Develop and make available low vis

16、ion services and optical devices for all those in need, including children in blind-school or integrated education. Certain low vision devices can be manufactured locally, or purchased externally in bulk supplies to reduce costs. Include the provision of comprehensive low vision care as an integral

17、part of national programmes for the prevention of blindness, or rehabilitative services for the visually disabled. Creating adequate eye-care facilities, particularly in underprivileged areas using appropriate technology. Creating a foundation of well-trained eye-care workers. Infrastructure Develop

18、mentInfrastructure DevelopmentDevelopment of district-level eye care services, with primary eye care integrated into the PHC system for a population of between 0.5 and 2 million people.To provide practitioners, hospitals and clinics with information on good-quality and affordable appropriate technol

19、ogy.To provide appropriate donated equipment to countries which cannot afford its purchase. To assist users to evaluate, select and purchase appropriate equipment using methods which will help to prolong its useful life.To introduce new technologies such as computers and computer networks to improve

20、 management efficiency and information exchange.Conduct feasibility studies on new technologies to ensure cost-effectiveness. Creating a foundation of well-trained eye-care workers. Human Resource Development Create one ophthalmologist post and facility per 250 000 population through government and/

21、or privateSector with equal distribution for urban and rural populations.Where there are insufficient ophthalmologists, train OMAs and ophthalmic nurses for secondary eye care.All medical graduates to be trained in basic eye care.Train sufficient and appropriate staff for refraction of underserved p

22、opulations.Provide training in basic principles of management for medical/paramedical staff.Develop manpower for equipment maintenance/repair, low-cost spectacle production and eye drop preparation.Human Resource Development Achievements Thanks to VISION 2 0 2 0 advocacy, all 1 9 3 WHO member states

23、 are formally committed to investing in eye care Two World Health Assembly resolutions have urged WHO member states to develop and implement VISION 2 0 2 0 national plans, and WHO to provide technical assistance A WHO Action Plan for Prevention of Blindness and Visual Impairment has now been prepare

24、d and was unanimously adopted at the 2 0 0 9 World Health Assembly 1 3 5 countries have participated in a VISION 2 0 2 0 workshop 1 0 7 countries have formed national VISION 2 0 2 0 committees 9 1 countries have drafted national eye care plans To date, 1 5 million fewer people are blind compared wit

25、h projections made when the initiative was launched * The many successes of VISION 2 0 2 0 have been achieved through a unique, cross-sector collaboration, which enables public, private and philanthropic interests to work together, helping people to see, all over the world. Useful resources http:/ww

26、w.vision2 0 2 0 .org/main.cfm http:/www.iceh.org.uk http:/www.iapb.org/ http:/www.who.int/blindness/partnerships/vision2 0 2 0 /en/ www.v2 0 2 0 eresource.org www.seeingisbelieving.org.uk www.worldblindunion.org www.sightsavers.org www.cbm.org www.icoph.org MSc (Ocular Epidemiology & Community Eye Health) Batch of 2 0 0 8 -0 9ICEH, LSHTM UK