2023年考研英语真题及解析

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1、2023 年考研完形填空真题及答案 Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.” But 1 some claims to the contrary， laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness Laughter does 2 short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood

2、 vessels， 3_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to 4 ， a good laugh is unlikely to have 5 benefits the way， say， walking or jogging does. 6 ， instead of straining muscles to build them， as exercise does， laughter apparently accomplishes the

3、 7 ， studies dating back to the 1930‘s indicate that laughter 8 muscles， decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down. Such bodily reaction might conceivably help _9 the effects of psychological stress. Anyway， the act of laughing probably does produce other types of

4、 10 feedback ， that improve an individua‘l s emotional state. 11 one classical theory of emotion， our feelings are partially rooted 12 physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry 13 they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin

5、to flow. Although sadness also 14 tears， evidence suggests that emotions can flow 15 muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988，social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of w ürzburg in Germany asked volunteers to 16 a pen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artifici

6、al smile – or with their lips ， which would produce a 〔n〕 17 expression. Those forced to exercise their enthusiastically to funny catoons than did those whose months were contracted in a frown ， 19 that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around 20 ，

7、the physical act of laughter could improve mood. 1.[A]among [B]except [C]despite [D]like 2.[A]reflect [B]demand [C]indicate [D]produce 3.[A]stabilizing [B]boosting [C]impairing [D]determining 4.[A]transmit [B]sustain [C]evaluate [D]observe 5.[A]measurable [B]manageable [C]affordable [D]renewable 6

8、.[A]In turn [B]In fact [C]In addition [D]In brief 7.[A]opposite [B]impossible [C]average [D]expected 8.[A]hardens [B]weakens [C]tightens [D]relaxes 9.[A]aggravate [B]generate [C]moderate [D]enhance 10.[A]physical [B]mental [C]subconscious [D]internal 11.[A]Except for [B]According to [C]Due to [D]As

9、for 12.[A]with [B]on [C]in [D]at 13.[A]unless [B]until [C]if [D]because 14.[A]exhausts [B]follows [C]precedes [D]suppresses 15.[A]into [B]from [C]towards [D]beyond 16.[A]fetch [B]bite [C]pick [D]hold 17.[A]disappointed [B]excited [C]joyful [D]indifferent 18.[A]adapted [B]catered [C]turned [D]reac

10、ted 19.[A]suggesting [B]requiring [C]mentioning [D]supposing 20.[A]Eventually [B]Consequently [C]Similarly [D]Conversely 1 答案： C D B B A B A D C A B C D C B D A C A C 阅读(古典音乐)解析 The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the

11、 classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2023. For the most part ， the response has been favorable ， to say the least. “Hooray！ At last！” wrote Anthony Tommasini， a sober-sided classical-music critic. One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surpr

12、ise，however，is that Gilbert is comparatively little known. Even Tommasin，i who had advocated Gilber‘t s appointment in the Times， calls him “an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.” As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hi

13、therto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez ， that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise. For my part， I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a good one. To be sure， he performs an impressive variety of interesting composi

14、tions， but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall， or anywhere else， to hear interesting orchestral music. All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf， or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music from iTunes. Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substi

15、tute for live performance are missing the point. For the time， attention， and money of the art-loving public， classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses ， dance troupes， theater companies， and museums， but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians o

16、f the 20th century. There recordings are cheap ， available everywhere， and very often much higher in artistic quality than today‘s live performances； moreover， they can be “consumed” at a time and place of the listener’s choosing. The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about

17、 a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert. One possible response is for classical performers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record. Gilbert‘s own interest in new music has been widely noted： Alex Ross， a classical-music critic， has described him

18、 as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into “a markedly different， more vibrant organization.” But what will be the nature of that difference？ Merely expanding the orchestra’s repertoire will not be enough. If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed， they must first change the rel

19、ationship between America‘s oldest orchestra and the new audience it hops to attract. 译文： 纽约爱乐乐团打算聘请 Alan Gilbert 作为下一任的音乐总监，这从 2023 年任命被宣布之日起就在古典音乐界引起了热议。别的不说，大局部人的反响是乐观的。“好啊，最终好了！” Anthony Tommasini 写道，他可是一个以严峻著称的古典音乐评论家。 但是，这个任命之所以一起人们惊异的缘由却是 Gilbert 相对而言并不是很知名。甚至在时代杂志上发文支持 Gilbert 任命的 Tomma

20、sini 都称其为：低调的音乐家，在他身上找不到那种飞扬跋扈的指挥家的气质。纽约爱乐乐团迄今为止都是由像 Gustav Mahler〔古斯塔夫？马勒〕和 Pierre Boulez 布列兹那样的音乐家领导的。这样去描述这个乐团的下一位指挥， 至少对于时代的读者而言，这是一种苍白的表扬。 就我看来，我不知道 Gilbert 是否是一个宏大的指挥家或者是一个好的指挥。但是我能确定的是，他能表现出很多好玩的乐章，但是我却应当不会去Avery Fisher Hall 或者其他地方去听一场好玩的交响乐演出。我要做的事情就是去我的CD 架上，或者翻开的我的电脑从 ITUNES 上下载更多的唱片

21、。 那些忠实的音乐会观众会讲唱片并不能代替现场的演出，但是他们无视了一些事情。当 下为了获得艺术爱好者的钱，时间，关注度，古典音乐的演奏家们〔其实就是指交响乐团， 同意复述〕不仅要和剧院，舞蹈队，演出公司和博物馆竞争，而且还需要和那些记录了 20 世纪的宏大的古典音乐演奏者表演的唱片竞争。唱片很廉价，那里都能买到，并且比现在很 多现场音乐会的艺术质量要高。进一步的讲，听众能选择听唱片的时间和地点。这些处处可 以获得的唱片给传统的演出机构带来了危机。 对于古典音乐演奏者而言，他们可能的一个回应就是排练出唱片上没有的曲目。Gilbert 对音乐兴趣已经被广泛的关注了：Alex Ross，一名古

22、典音乐的批判家，就这样描述道：他能够把爱乐乐团变成一个完全不同，更加有活力的组织。但是那种不同的性质也是什么呢？ 可能仅仅增加乐团演出的曲目是不够的，假设 Gilbert 和他的乐团要进步的话，他们就必需首先转变美国最古老的乐团〔就是纽约爱乐乐团〕同他们想吸引的观众间的关系。 文章分析： 这篇文章来自 Commentary 2023 年 9 月刊的一篇文章 Selling Classical Music by TERRY TEACHOUT.这个杂志可以说知名度并不高，这可以看出命题人的出题指向性，反反命题的倾向很严峻。以前的经济学人，今年只有在 B 节入选。这篇文章的体裁是谈论文。第一二段

23、都是一个引入。三段提出了作者的观点。四段和五段是对于三段观点进一步的递进和开放。而 在第一个其次段中是不同的人对于任指挥的看法。所以阅读考研文章没有什么简洁的就是 关注观点！分清论点和论据！ 试题分析 21. We learn from Para.1 that Gilbert‘s appointment has [A]incurred criticism [B]raised suspicion [C]received acclaim [D]aroused curiosity 解析：这个题目相对简洁，文章在首段首句有这么一句话： The decision of the New Yor

24、k Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2023. 纽约爱乐乐团打算聘请 Alan Gilbert 作为下一任的音乐总监，这从 2023 年任命被宣布之日起就在古典音乐界引起了热议。从这句话可以看出，人们对Gilbert‘s appointment 是众说纷纭，布满了一探到底的气氛，所以这道题目的答案为D

25、. 22. Tommasini regards Gilbert as an artist who is [A] influential [B]modest [C]respectable [D]talented 解析：这个题目关键就是要学会对论点和论据的敏感：Tommasini 是个具体的人提他是有目的的。问他的看法，你可以直接看这样一句：“an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.”但是这样的句子中的：unpretentious 和 formidable 属于难词，真正知

26、道其词义的同学不多，无法直接得出答案 而这个句子在段落中和第一句是一个递进的关系，他是进一步说明第一句的：One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise， however， is that Gilbert is comparatively little known. 这个句子难度不大。这个人相对来讲名气不大。A，C，D 都无从谈起了。只有 modest 和这个名气大不大能相关。 23. The author believes that the devoted concertgoers [A] ignore

27、 the expenses of live performances [B]reject most kinds of recorded performances [C]exaggerate the variety of live performances [D]overestimate the value of live performances 解析：作者的观点：The author believes，这个是在关注定位词 devoted concertgoers 后的另外一个关键点；作者认为 concertgoers miss the point；但具体是什么，需要看选项了。A ，

28、无视了现场演奏的费用，B，拒绝大多数的唱片演奏。这两个是没有依据的属于未提及选项。C 有确定的干扰性：the variety of live performances，二段中是有variety 这个单词的， 并且在段落中消灭了好多并列的成分，这样对于很多没有读懂原文的同学其实是会产生视觉 干扰的。但是 the value of live performances 这个宾语和动词是没有原文依据的。最终一个选项之所以正确是由于：作者在始终说唱片的好，而前面又说 concertgoers 认为现场演奏不会被唱片代替。这样就是论点上的正话反说了。通过排解法我们直接可以把答案定位到最终一 个：高估了现场

29、表演的价值。 24. According to the text， which of the following is true of recordings？ [A]They are often inferior to live concerts in quality [B] They are easily accessible to the general public [C]They help improve the quality of music [D]They have only covered masterpieces 解析：这是一道典型的细节题，通过题干中的关键词：

30、recordings 定位到倒数其次段： These recordings are cheap， available everywhere， and very often much higher in artistic quality than today‘s live performances； moreover， they can be “consumed” at a time and place of the listener’s choosing. The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about

31、 a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.一连串的描述就是 B.干扰项是C ： They help improve the quality of music.听 Kevin 的分析主谓宾，回文章中定位你会觉察， 文章中说的是唱片中的表演的质量要比现在的好，但是并没有说：help improve the quality of music. [A]They are often inferior to live concerts in quality. 和原文表述相反。[D]They have only cov

32、ered masterpieces.原文没有提及。而且 only 的表意太确定了。 25. Regarding Gilbert‘s role in revitalizing the Philharmonic， the author feels [A]doubtful [B]enthusiastic [C]confident [D]puzzled 解析：问作者的态度，主体是作者，对象是 Gilbert‘s role in revitalizing the Philharmonic 从具体表述动身查找相应的态度表达词：But what will be the nature of tha

33、t difference？ Merely expanding the orchestra’s repertoire will not be enough.一个 but ，一个？，一个 not 就把这种不确定性给出来了。于是这就是选A doubtful. 大小作文真题解析 51. Directions： Write a letter to a friend of yours to 1） recommend one of your favorite movies and 2） give reasons for your recommendation. You should wr

34、ite about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use“Li Ming“instead. Do not write the address.〔10points〕 小作文范文 Dear friends， I”m writing to you to recommend my favorite movie ”Avatar”. It is a very hot movie this year. For starters， it”s a great story

35、and has a fantastic plot. This film captivated me from beginning to end. The fast-paced ， exciting story line kept me on the edge of my seat all the way through. What”s more， the specialeffects are breathtaking. The directing is absolutely neat. And last but not least，it”s an educational movie. It

36、teaches us about dedication，discipline，loyalty and love. I am sure you will enjoy the movie. Yours sincerely， Li Ming 2023 年考研英语大作文题目和范文： 52、Direction Write an essay of 160-200words based on the following drawing .In your essay ，you should 1〕describe the drawing briefly 2〕explain its intende

37、d measing and 3〕give your comments You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.〔20points〕 旅途之“余” What an impressive picture it is！ Two young men sitting on the boat are throwing rubbish into the lake， with all kinds of garbage floating on the surface. What is conveyed in the picture is both realist

38、ic and thought-provoking. Clearly， we can deduce from the picture that with the rapid development of economy ， tourism as a form of enterprise brings China a lot of benefits， but the environment is being polluted tremendously. In public places people have no awareness that they are doing somethin

39、g damaging the environment， the only environment we have. They cause inconvenience and discomfort to other tourists， and also degrade China”s image as a nation. What can we do then ？ First， I think that government should issue severe regulations ， punishing any behavior that damages the environme

40、nt. Second， the environment protection awareness of the public should be enforced. People should know how closely the clean environment is related to their personal lives. Let”s hope we will have a cleaner and more beautiful world in the near future. 分析： 今年考研英语作文的难度略有降低。小作文是历年来常考的形式之一——书信体，要求写一封推举信。比较生疏的推举信是推举一个人，本次作文要求推举一部电影。开头可以直接写明是哪部电影，接下来说明这部电影好在哪里，有什么意义等内容。最终可以说一下相 信对方确定会宠爱等内容。 大作文涉及的内容也是近年来的热点话题——环保问题。图片描述的内容是游人在湖面上乱扔垃圾，导致垃圾在湖面处处漂移、鱼类死亡的现象，反映了人们环保意识与公德意识 的缺失，不仅破坏了环境，也损害了人们的形象。写作的时候可以用比较常用的三段式，开头描述图片内容，然后说明危害，分析缘由，最终提出解决方案，表达愿望等。