兴业银行博士后科研工作站研究人员招收上岸历年高频考点试卷答案详解

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1、兴业银行博士后科研工作站研究人员招收上岸历年高频考点试卷答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)第I卷一.单项选择题(共50题)1.关于投资乘数的说法,正确的是()。A.投资乘数是平均储蓄倾向的倒数B.投资乘数是边际储蓄倾向的倒数C.投资乘数是边际消费倾向的倒数D.投资乘数是平均消费倾向的倒数答案:B 本题解析:投资乘数=1(1-边际消费倾向)=1边际储蓄倾向。由此可知投资乘数是边际储蓄倾向的倒数。2.中央银行为实现特定的经济目标而采取的各种控制、调节货币供应量或信用量的方针、政策、措施的总称是 ( ) 。A.信贷政策B.货币政策工具C.货币政策D.货币政策目标答案:C 本题解析:暂无解析3.下面的一组

2、数字表现出一定的逻辑性,7,9,12,16,()你认为填入括号的应该是?()A.19B.20C.21D.22答案:C 本题解析:一共只有5项,且呈缓慢增加趋势,前后两项依次做差结果为2、3、4最后差应为5,所以缺项里为16+5=21。C选项正确,A、B、D选项错误。故本题应选C。4.金本位制下()是决定两国货币汇率的基础。A.货币含金量B.铸币平价C.中心汇率D.货币实际购买力答案:B 本题解析:铸币平价即铸币本身的价值的对比。5.作为可再生新能源,风能具有无污染、永不枯竭、综合社会效益高、研发成本相对低等特点。然而,风能行业建设投资回收周期长,客观上需要长期、稳定的优惠政策保障。美国风能增长

3、潜力很大,但因美政府对风能税收鼓励政策不稳定,使包括中国风能企业在内的国际投资者在美国风能市场的增长前景变得不确定。对这段文字理解不准确的是()。A.风能属于可再生新能源B.风能行业的优势大于其劣势C.美政府对风能企业的优惠政策不稳定D.在美国投资的中国风能企业市场前景不确定答案:B 本题解析:由文段第一句话可知,A选项表述正确。文段中并没有把风能行业自身的优势与劣势放在一起比较,无法得出比较的结论,故B选项表述错误。由文段最后一句“但因美政府对风能税收鼓励政策不稳定,使包括中国风能企业在内的国际投资者在美国风能市场的增长前景变得不确定”可知,C、D选项表述正确。本题选非,故本题正确答案选B。

4、6.城墙是古代城市的标志,也是研究城市发展的独特角度。对中国城墙的描述,自古以来就大量出现在正史、方志、文学作品或绘图绘画中,并且是都城学、规划学、军事学等多门学科的重要研究对象。这说明城墙并非一堵“墙”那么简单。可以说,每一座古城墙,都是一本厚重的大书,每一块城砖、每一座城门、每一段护城河,都是这本大书中的一行一页。面对如此厚重的中国城墙,我们当心存敬畏。这段文字意在说明()。A.应对古城墙的文化遗产价值予以重视B.古城墙的文化价值远高于其商业价值C.亟须对现存的古城墙开展保护和研究D.城墙为研究城市发展提供了独特视角答案:A 本题解析:文段首先说明了古城墙既是古代城市的标志,也是研究城市发

5、展的独特角度,然后指出“每一座古城墙,都是一本厚重的大书”,最后以一个“当”字表明了作者的观点,即我们应当对古城墙的独特文化价值“心存敬畏”、予以重视。A项与此表述一致。B项,文段并没有提到“商业价值”。C项,文段体现不出“对现存的古城墙开展保护和研究”。D项说法正确,但不是文段主旨。故本题答案为A。7.国务院反洗钱行政主管部门是( )。A.中国人民银行B.中国保险监督管理委员会C.中国银行业监督管理委员会D.中国证券监督管理委员会答案:A 本题解析:暂无解析8.第57题答案是_A.casesB.toolsC.methodsD.steps答案:C 本题解析:空格处句意为“避免该情况发生的两种方

6、法”。case表示“情况、案件”;tools表示“工具”;steps表示“脚步、步骤”,都不合适。9.关于细菌和病毒,下列说法正确的是( )。A.部分细菌是有益的,但是病毒都是有害的B.细菌能够导致感染,但病毒不会引起感染C.细菌可以独立存活,但病毒只能寄生生活D.疫苗可预防病毒导致的疾病,但对细菌导致的疾病无效答案:C 本题解析:本题属于生物医学题目。A项,病毒的有害性是相对的,在它的宿主内处于活动状态时会有害。对于一种病毒,如果它不能感染一种生物,那么它对这种生物就无害。故错误,排除;B项,细菌和病毒都会引起感染,故错误,排除;C项,细菌有细胞结构,可以独立存活;病毒是一类由核酸和蛋白质等

7、少数几种成分组成的“非细胞生物”,但是它的生存必须依赖于活细胞。故正确,当选;D项,也有可以预防细菌类疾病的疫苗,比如抗肺炎疫苗(肺炎双球菌)。故错误,排除。因此,选择C选项。10.-Can I get the house cheaper?-Sorry, its _ my power to sell it any cheaper.A.withoutB.exceptC.beyondD.out答案:C 本题解析:beyond ones power是固定搭配,表示超出某人的能力,故选C。11.金本位制度下的汇率制度属于( )。A.自发的固定汇率制B.认为的不可调整的固定汇率制C.自发的浮动汇率制D.

8、认为的可调整的固定汇率制答案:A 本题解析:金本位制度下的汇率制度属于自发的固定汇率制。12.行领导在网络安全会议上做出重要讲话,讲话稿打印出来后发现有两处模糊了,填入模糊处与句意一组词语是( )。(1)面对通过网络涌入的大量信息,学会( )有效信息、去除无用信息变得尤为重要。(2)演练提升了信息科风险技安全事件处置人员( )风险、处置风险的能力,增强了我行遇突发安全事件处置能力,演练取得预期效果。A.判定;鉴别B.分辨;识别C.判定;识别D.分辨;鉴别答案:B 本题解析:暂无解析13.对“虚拟图书馆”的理解,不符合文意的是()。A.非独立实体,是用户利用网络获取所需信息的一种环境B.有先进的

9、工作系统,而不具有传统图书馆的建筑特征C.虚拟,是针对传统的实体概念而言,并非虚设之意D.拥有专为用户个人设置的二维或三维人机界面答案:D 本题解析:文中说“它拥有二维或三维人机界面”,但并没有说这是“专为用户个人设置”的,所以答案就是D项。14.下列单位或组织不可以作为一个会计主体进行核算的有()。A.自然人股东B.企业的财务部门C.分公司D.政府机构答案:A 本题解析:A项自然人股东不是一个单位或组织,因此不是会计主体,故A选项是本题答案。会计主体是会计核算与监督的空间范围,凡是能够进行单独核算的单位与组织都可以作为会计主体,故BCD三项正确。所以答案选A。15.Why does Hayl

10、ey think she is ideal for the project?A.She is an amateur female athleteB.She has traveled extensively in EuropeC.She has written many articles and booksD.She is an able writer and a female athlete答案:D 本题解析:暂无解析16.A.如图所示B.如上图所示C.如图示D.如图答案:A 本题解析:第一组图形中的阴影向右移动1格,得到第二组对应位置的图形。17.2012年长江三角洲部分城市外贸情况下列说法

11、中,正确的是( )。A.2012年上海市进出口总额是南通市的l5倍多B.2012年进口额同比增速高于出口额的有4个城市C.2012年台州市外商直接投资实际到位金额同比增长最多D.2011年泰州市出口额低于湖州市答案:B 本题解析:A项,2012年上海市进出口总额是南通市的4367.58+263254367270=16.X倍,错误。B项根据加权平均数知识可知进出口总额同比增速介于出口额和进口额之间,进口额同比增速高于出口额,等价于出订额同比增速低于进出口总额,观察表格,上海、无锡、泰州、湖州四个市符合,正确,可直接选B。验证C、D项: C项,2012年台州市虽然同比增速最高,但是基数太小,明显不

12、是最大的,错误。18.IS-LM 模型是描述产品市场和货币之间相互联系的理论结构的重要工具,属于( )。A.一般经济分析B.产品经济分析C.微观经济分析D.宏观经济分析答案:D 本题解析:IS-LM 模型是描述产品市场和货币市场的一般均衡,将IS-LM 移至同一图上,二者交点便反应了产品市场和货币市场同时达到均衡时的利率水平和收入水平,属于宏观经济范畴。19.To: All Griffin Corporation EmployeesFrom: Sally Kleinman, Director, Employee RelationsRe: Employee Fitness CenterSent:

13、 Thursday, November 1, 9:46 AM.Dear Colleagues:As you know, Griffin Corporation recognizes the importance of having an excellent exercise facility on the premises. Over the past three years, we have worked hard to improve the employee fitness center: we have purchased new exercise equipment, renovat

14、ed the locker rooms, and begun offering Welcome Aboard! , a safety training course.Two months ago, you responded enthusiastically to a survey about this fitness facility. Based on our recommendations, changes are planning for the fitness center. They will take effort on December 1. First of all, as

15、requested, the fitness center will stay open three extra hours Monday through Thursday. Also, a new series of classes-most of them suggested by you-will begin. Finally,those of you who have been using the center will be pleased to hear that popular personal trainer Joseph Santiago will be promoted t

16、o manager of the fitness center.We encourage more employees to take advantage of all the fitness center has to offer.Membership will continue to be subsidized and will remain at $15 per month. In addition, and for a limited time only, we are now offering a special rate for new members, members who s

17、ign up before December 1 will only be charged $10 per month for the next six months. Please contact Joseph Santiago to sign up at this new reduced rate.Best Regards,Sally KleinmanGRIFFIN EMPLOYEE FITNESS CENTER:NEW SCHEDULE(as of December 1)Hours of Operation Group ClassesMonday6:00 AM.-9:00 P.M.Mon

18、dayWeight lifting12:00-1:00 P.M.Tuesday6:00 AM.-9:00 P.M. TuesdayAerobic workout 6:00-7:00 P.M.Wednesday 6:00 AM.-9:00 P.M.Wednesday Kickboxing 12:00-1:00 P.M.Thursday 6:00 AM.-9:00 P.M. ThursdayStep aerobics6:00-7:00 P.M.Friday 6:00 AM.-9:00 P.M.Friday Yoga7:00-$:30 AM.Saturday 6:00 AM.-9:00 P.M.Sa

19、turdayCross training9:00-1:30 AM.SundayCLOSED ALL DAY Sunday CLOSED ALL DAYReminders1. Please do not use equipment for more than 30 minutes if other members are waiting to use it.2. Members may bring one guest per visit. Guests under 18 must be accompanied by a member at all times.3. Registration is

20、 not required for classes, but class size is limited to 15 participants. Please arrive early to secure a place. Goals and bags should be left in the locker room so that all class participants have plenty of space.4. New members are required to complete aWelcome Aboard class before using anyequipment

21、.5. Members must carry their membership card at all times while in the center.William was pleased to see the executives respond So_to the proposal he hadbeen working onA.FrustratinglyB.enthusiasticallyC.simplyD.indifferently答案:B 本题解析:“William”很高兴看到行政官员们的反应,因此修饰“respond”的空格处需填入带有正面意义的副词。20.下面没有语病的一句是

22、()。农行真题A.“费改税”能否遏制住愈演愈烈的乱收费现象.这对农村工作是个考验B.亚健康状态,往往受到无规律的生活和学习、工作压力而引起C.一听说有盛夏的免费音乐节,许多的附近居民早早就赶来.等待观看D.就反腐败这样一个国际性的顽疾来说。“公开”是最有效的一剂良药答案:A 本题解析:B项句式杂糅,可将“受到”改为“由”;c项修饰语语序错误应为“免费的盛夏音乐节”、“附近的许多居民”;D项句式杂糅,应为“就而言”或“对来说”。21.每台访问互联网的电脑,都需要配备lP 地址,传统的IP 地址(IPv4)由32 个二进制位构成。IPv6是IPv4 的下一代版本,其地址由128 个二进制位构成。国

23、家发改委关于开展国家下一代互联网示范城市建设工作的通知要求,要加快IPv6 用户的普及率和网络接入覆盖率。针对国家发改委的这一要求,下列关于IPv6 优势的说法最准确的是( )。A.IPv6 比IPv4 更便于记忆B.IPv6 比IPv4 提供更多的lP 地址C.IPv6 比IPv4 价格更低廉,配置更方便D.IPv6 比IPv4 更容易普及推广答案:B 本题解析:IPv4 采用32 位二进制书写,32 位二进制可以表示2 的32 次方个电脑,IPv6 采用128 位二进制数书写,128 位二进制数可以表示2 的128 次方个电脑。故IPv6 可以提供更多的IP 地址。22.某家庭2000年总

24、收入为10万元人民币,到2012年时,该家庭的总收入增加至38万元人民币。根据恩格尔定律,与2001年相比,2012年该家庭用于食品的支出在家庭总收入中的比重()。A.保持不变B.将会下降C.将会增长D.无从判断答案:B 本题解析:恩格尔定律是指在一个家庭或国家中,食物支出在收入中所占的比例随着收入的增加而下降。因此答案选择B。23.According to the manager of ABB Corp., this new service _ very positively by customers who get the service details and cost informat

25、ion quicker.A.has receivedB.has been receivedC.have receivedD.has been receiving答案:B 本题解析:暂无解析24.情商主要与非理性因素有关,它影响着认识和实践活动的动力。它通过影响人的兴趣、意志、毅力,加强或弱化认识事物的驱动力。智商不高而情商较高的人,学习_虽然不如高智商者,但是,有时能比高智商者学得更好,成就更大。因为锲而不舍的精神使_。填入画横线部分最恰当的一项是( )。A.能力 笨鸟先飞B.效果 反戈一击C.效率 勤能补拙D.水平 反败为胜答案:C 本题解析:本题可从第二空进行突破。最后一句横线前有使动词“

26、使”,“反戈一击”“反败为胜”填入后均使得句子成分不完整,可首先排除B、D。“笨鸟先飞”强调努力的程度,“勤能补拙”强调勤奋由“锲而不舍的精神”可知“勤能补拙”比“笨鸟先飞”更符合语意要求。因此本题答案选C。25.中国妇女发展基金会将委托专业金融机构对中国女足发展基金进行管理和运作,其收益部分用于资助中国女子足球队改善生活和训练条件,开展交流与合作,培养选拔后备力量。下列表述,符合文意的是()。A.中国女足发展基金,将解决中国女足所面临的问题B.广泛开展交往合作,是培养和选拔女足后备力量的保证C.中国女足的活动,由受委托的专业金融机构管理和运作D.中国女足发展基金,已确定了管理机制和运作规则答

27、案:A 本题解析:本段话最后一句“开展交流与合作,培养选拔后备力量”是并列的两件事,而B项却认为前者是后者的保证;选项C中女足的活动受委托的专业金融机构管理和运作并未提及,题目中只是说对女足发展基金进行管理和运作;D项中说已确定,但是题意却是“将”,还未发生。故选A项。26.地膜覆盖具有保温、保湿、保土等作用,可有效提高农作物产量和农产品质量。我国目前使用的地膜多是超薄型地膜,易破,难回收,难以自然降解。下列地区相比较,地膜覆盖的保湿、保温、保土作用最显著的是( )。A.沿海地区B.西南地区C.东北地区D.西北地区答案:D 本题解析:因为地膜覆盖的作用主要是保温、保湿、保土,所以它在干燥、温度

28、较低且水土容易流失的地区使用效果最显著,综合考虑四个选项,西北地区最符合这一条件。故本题答案选D27.阅读理解The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control. A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; production limits have been laid down (though these have already been rai

29、sed) ; and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers. But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems, and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things back for long. As a Norwegian politician said last week: We wil

30、l soon be changed beyond all recognition. Ever since the war, the Government has been carrying out a programme of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle. During the past few years this programme has had a great deal of success: Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a univers

31、ity, a large hospital and a healthy industry. But the oil industry has already started to draw people from the south, and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins.The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north, however. With nearly 100 percent employment, eve

32、ryone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry. Some smaller industries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad.The real argument over oil is its threat to the

33、Norwegian way of life. Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population, but they are an important part of it, because the Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian. And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of th

34、e oil industry because of the damage that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea.16. The Norwegian Government would prefer the oil industry to _.A.provide more jobs for foreign workersB.slow down the rate of its developmentC.sell the oil it is producing abroadD.develop more quickly than at

35、 present答案:B 本题解析:通过文章开头The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control. A new law limits exploration to可以推出,挪威政府正竭尽全力把石油工业控制起来,制定新法律来限制勘探开采,限制产量等,B项符合题意。28.某化肥厂向附近一小河排放工业废水,受该厂污染的河水流人村民承包的农田,造成农作物大量减产。村民的下列做法中没有法律依据的是( )。A.直接向该厂提出排除危害并承担赔偿责任的要求B.就赔偿责任和赔偿金额,请求当地环境保护

36、行政主管部门处理C.向法院提起民事诉讼,要求厂家停止侵害、承担赔偿损失等责任D.向法院提起行政诉讼,要求环境保护行政主管部门承担行政赔偿责任答案:D 本题解析:根据环境保护法第41条规定,造成环境污染危害的,有责任排除危害,并对直接受到损害的单位或者个人赔偿损失,A项正确。赔偿责任和赔偿金额的纠纷,可以根据当事人的请求,由环境保护行政主管部门或者其他依照法律规定行使环境监督管理权的部门处理,B项正确。当事人对处理决定不服的,可以向人民法院起诉,C项正确。当事人也可以直接向人民法院起诉。故D项没有法律依据。29.下列对联最适合用于祝贺教师60周岁寿辰的是( )A.为学有宗花甲成庆,诲人无倦恩重及

37、门B.花甲有二犹在拼搏,贏得称颂留传万年C.碧桃献岁宜家受福,古稀逢春获寿延年D.执掌教坛垂六十载,栽培桃李满三千株答案:A 本题解析:“花甲有二”指的是62岁,排除B;“古稀”为70岁,排除C;“执掌教坛垂六十载”是指从事教师职业60年,与题干要求不符,排除D。故选A。30.尽管资本是价值创造过程中的重要手段,资本积累的确是经济增长不可缺少的物质条件, 但作为物化劳动或死劳动,它不可能自己创造自己。离开了人的劳动,它只能是一堆不能 增值的一般等价物而已。资本并非个人努力的产物,而是集体或社会劳动的结果。从生 理学的角度来看,每个人的劳动能力(无论是体力还是脑力)并不存在巨大差别,仅靠占有 和

38、积累自己的劳动是不可能暴富的。以下哪项,从上述题干中推出最为恰当?( ) A.资本是剩余价值的表现B.暴富只有靠占有别人的剩余价值才能实现C.资本都是社会全体成员的D.在一定条件下,资本也可以创造价值答案:B 本题解析:题干并未涉及剩余价值这一概念,A为无关项;资本是集体或社会劳动的结果,但不是全社会成员共同占有的,C项排除;题干已经说过“它不可能自己创造自己”,D项排除;题干中说“仅靠占有和积累自己的剩余劳动是不可能暴富的”,所以暴富只有靠占有别人的剩余价值才能实现,B项顺理成章。31.假设12 代表AB,18 代表MN,9202 代表PQRS,那么VW 是( )。A.12B.24C.23D

39、.22答案:D 本题解析:由题干条件不难推断得出,26 个英文字母ABCDEFGHUKLMNOPQRSTUVW,依次代表12131415161718192021222。故VW 是22,此题答案选D。32.0,1/6 ,3/8 ,1/2 ,1/2 ,( )A.5/13B.7/13C.5/12D.7/12答案:C 本题解析:将原数列通分后得:0/5 ,1/6 ,3/8 ,6/12 ,10/20 ,分子用后一项减去前一项得到1、2、3、4的等差数列,所以后一项为15;分母用后一项减去前一项得到1、2、4、8的等比数列,所以后一项为36。33.下列关于深圳的地理位置描述不正确的是( )。A.东临大亚湾

40、和大鹏湾B.南边深圳河与香港相联C.西濒珠江口和伶仃洋D.北部与东莞一市接壤答案:D 本题解析:深圳地处广东省南部,珠江口东岸,东临大亚湾和大鹏湾;西濒珠江口和 伶仃洋;南达深圳河与香港相联;北部与东莞、惠州两城市接壤。辽阔海域连接南海及太平洋。34.长期平均成本曲线呈U形特征的决定因素是()。A.长期生产技术的规模经济和规模不经济B.外在经济C.厂商对生产要素的利用程度D.劳动投入量的边际报酬先增加然后再递减答案:A 本题解析:长期平均成本呈现U形是由长期技术生产的规模经济和规模不经济决定的,而长期平均成本曲线的上下移动是由外在经济和外在不经济决定的。35.()saving money, y

41、ou will purchase a reliable product.A.WithB.SoC.BesidesD.Consequently答案:C 本题解析:句子表示的是用少的价钱买到了可靠的产品。逗号前后内容并列,故C项为最佳答案。besides除之外;此外;而且。consequently因此;结果;所以。36.柜员制营业网点的重要空白凭证由谁负责保管和发放?( )A.会计主管B.凭证管理员C.会计主管指定一名前台柜员D.会计主管指定一名后台柜员答案:B 本题解析:暂无解析37.根据历史上的真人真事进行文艺创作时,为了使人物表现得更为_,可以对人物进行符合本身和时代背景的“适当”创作,但是大

42、的历史事实、人物命运、主要矛盾、重要事件都必须符合历史,不能对历史人物的“人生层面”进行_和歪曲。A.完整 杜撰B.真实 虚构C.形象 改编D.丰满 臆造答案:D 本题解析:由句意可知,“适当”创作是指发挥想象的合理性,使人物形象更丰富、更具内涵, 故第一空填“丰满”比“完整”、“真实”更合适,排除A、B两项。再看第二空,与“歪曲”相呼应,这里应填一个带贬义色彩的词语,显然“臆造”比“改编”更契合句意。38.-I d like _ information about the management of your hotel, please.-Well, you could haveword w

43、ith the manager, which might be helpful.A.some ; aB.an ; someC.some; someD.an; a答案:A 本题解析:information在此为不可数名词,故可排除B、D两个选项;have a word with sb为固定短语。意思是“跟说句话”。39. 货币政策四大目标之间存在矛盾,任何一个国家要想同时实现是很困难的,但其中( ) 的目标是一致的。A.充分就业与经济增长B.经济增长与国际收支平衡C.物价稳定与经济增长D.物价稳定与充分就业答案:A 本题解析:暂无解析40.根据下列内容,回答206-210题。I began to

44、 grow up that winter night when my parents and l were returning from my aunts house,and my mother said that we might soon be leaving for AmericaWe were on the bus then,I was crying,and some people on the bus were turning around to look at meI remember that I could not bear the thought of never heari

45、ng again the radio program for school children to which I listened every morningI do not remember myself crying for this reason againIn fact,I think cried very little when I was saying goodbye to my friends and relativesWhen we were leaving I thought about all the places l was going to see-the stran

46、ge and magical places I had know only from books and pic-turesThe country l was leaving never to come back was hardly in my head thenThe four years that followed taught me the importance of optimism,but the idea did not come to me at onceFor the first two years in New York l was really lost-having t

47、o study in three scheels as a result of family movesI did not quite know what l was or what I should beMother remarried,and things became even more complex for meSome time passed before my stepfather and I got used to each other1 was often sadand saw no end t0“the hard times”My responsibilities in t

48、he family increased a lot since I knew English better than everyone else at home1 wrote letters,filled out forms,translated at interviews with immigration officers,took my grandparents to the doctor and translated there,and even discussed telephone bills with con- pany representativesFrom my experie

49、nces I have learned one important rule:all common troubles eventually go away!Something good is certain to happen in the end when you do not give up,and just wait alittle!I believe that my life will turn out all right,even though it not be that easyHow did the author get to know America? _A.From her

50、 relativesB.Form her motherC.Form books and picturesD.From radio programs答案:C 本题解析:根据原文的第二段中“the strange and magical plances I had know only from books andpictures”可知。41.A startup company in California is using machine learning and arificial itelligence to advise fire departments about how to plan f

51、or earthquakes and respond to them. The company hopes its algorithms can take a lot of the guesswork out of the planning process for disaster response by making accurate predictions about earthquake damage. Is one of a handful of companies rolling out atificial itelligence and machine learning syste

52、ms that could help predict and respond to foods, cyber-attacks and other large- scale disasters.Nicole Hu, the companys chief technology oflicer, says the key is to feed the computers three mam categories of data. The first is data about homes and other buildings, such as what materials theyre made

53、of, when they were built and how likely they are to collapse when the ground starts shaking. The next category is data about the natural environments. For example. What is the soil like What is the elevation like? What is the general humidity like? explains Hu. The third thing we look at is live ins

54、tant data. she says, such as the magnitude of the quake, the trafic in the area of the quake and the weather at the time of the quake. The computer uses the information to make predictions about what would happen if an earthquake occurred in a particular area. It then uses data from past earthquakes

55、 to see whether its predictions are any good, and revises its predictive models accordingly. In other words, it learns as it gocs, which is basically how machine learning works.Stanford University earthquake engineer Gregory Deierlein consulted for the company. He says one of the most remarkable thi

56、ngs about the companys software is its ability to incorporate data from an earthquake as its happening. and to adjust its predictions in real time. Those sort of things used to be research projects. says Deierlein After an event, we would collee data and a few years later we d produce new models. No

57、w the new models appear in a matter of minutes. He note the companys exact methods are opaque. Like many startup companies theyre not fully transparent in everything theyre doing. He says.“I mean, thats their proprietary knowledge that theyre proprietary knowledge that theyre bringing to it.Nonetheless, some first responders are already convinced the software will be useful. Fire chief Dan Ghiorso leads the Woodside Fire Protection District near San Francisco, which covers 32 square miles

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