大学考博英语真题（语法结构部分）

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1、Part one :structure & written expressionDirection: In each question decide which of the four choices given wil most suitable complete the sentences if iinserted at the place marked .Put the letter of your choice in the ANSWER SHEET.(25%)1.Thomas Wolfe portrayed so that you came to know their yearnin

2、gs ,their impulses ,and their warts-this was effective .Amotivation Bpoint of view Ccharacterizeation Dbackground2.The appeal to the senses known as is especially common in poetry.Aimaginative Bimaginable Cingenious Dimagery3.If you,ve got a complaint ,the best things is to see the person concerned

3、and with him.Atell it Bhave it out Csay it Dhave it known4.There have been several attempts to introduce gayer colours and styles in men,s clothing ,but none of them .Ahas caught on Bhas caught him out Chas caught up Dtake roots5.The retired engineer plunked down 50,000 in cash for a mid-size Merced

4、es as a present for his wife-a purchase _ with money made in the stock market the week before.Apaid off Bpaid through Cpaid out Dpaid for 6.He has courage all right , but in matters requiring judgment ,he has often been found sadly _ .Alack it Babsent Cin need of it Dwanting7.Danis Hayes raised the

5、essential paradox and asked how people could have fought so hard ageinst environmental degradation _ themselves now on the verge of losing the war .Aonly found Bfinding only Conly to find Dhave only found8.The once separate issue of environment and development are now _ linked .Aintangible Bindispen

6、sable Cinextricably Dincredibly9.The need to see that justice is done _ every decision made in the courts .Aimplants into Bimposes on Cimpinges upon Dimprecates upon10.Two thirds of the US basketball players are black ,and the number would be greater _ the continuing practice of picking white bench

7、warmers for the sake of balance .Awas it not because of Bhad it not been for Cwere it not for Cwould it not have been for 11.No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything _ going on in the world .Ait is Bthere is Cas is Dwhat is 12.If there is the need to compete in a crowd ,t

8、o battle _ the edge the surest strategy is to develop the unexpected.Aon Bfor Cagainst Dwith13.Just as there are occupations that require college or even higher degrees,_ occupations for which technical training is necessary.Aso too there are Bso also there are Cso there are too Dso too are there 14

9、.It is a myth that the law permits the Food and Drug A dministration to ignore requirements for _ drugs while brand name drugs still must meet these rigid tests .Aspecific Bgeneric Cintricate Dacrid15.The very biggest and most murderous wars during the industrial age were intra industrial - wars tha

10、t _ Second Wave nations like Germany and Britain against one another.Apitted Bdrove Ckept Dembarked16.The private life of having each individual make his or her own choice of beliefs and interest _ without the overarching pubic world of the state ,which sustains a structure _ of law appropriate to a

11、 self determining association .Ais not possible Bwould not be possible Cwill not be possible Dcannot be possible17.from Christianity and the barbarian kingdoms of the west emerged the medieval version of politics _ in turn evolved the politics of our modern world.Aof which Bfrom which Con which Dby

12、which 18.The Portuguese give a great deal of credit to one man for having promoted sea travel ,that man _ Prince Henry the navigator ,who lived in the 15th century.Awas Bwas called Ccalling Dbeing19.Grant was one of a body of men who were self reliant _ ,who cared hardly anything for the past but ha

13、d a sharp eye for the future .Aon themselves Bon not making a fault Cto a fault Dto remain ahead 20.Huntington and many of its competitors are working to make remedial instruction a commodity as _ and accessible as frozen yogurt .Aubiquitous Brational Cnecessary Dcredible21.The scheme for rebuilding

14、 the city center _ ,owing to the refusal of the refusal of a Council to sanction the expenditure of the money it would have required.Afell down Bfell off Cfell out Dfell flat22.If they think they are going to win over us by obstinately _ and refusing to make the slightest concession, they are mistak

15、en.Aholding out Bbolding to Cholding over Dholding up 23.The possibility that the explosion was caused by sabotage cannot be _ .Abroken out Bcancelled out Cruled out Dwiped out 24.The ex president had been _ in the country to refresh his mind before he passed away.Agive to walking Bgiven a walkCgive

16、n for a walk Dgiving a walk25.He did not relish appealing amongst his friends and _ of their criticism or censure .Arunning short Brunning out Crunning the gauntlet Drunning ahead北京大学2000年考博英语真题（完形填空部分）Part Three: Cloze Test Fill in each numbered blank in the following passage with ONE suitable the

17、passage. Put your answers in ANSWER SHEET. (10%)One way of improving ones writing is get into the habit of keeping a record of your observations, of storing (46) _ in a notebook or journal. You should make notes on your experiences and on your (47) _ of everyday life so that they are preserved. It i

18、s sad (48) _ to be able to retrieve a lost idea that seemed brilliant when it flashed across your (49) _, or a forgotten fact that you need to make a point in an argument or to illustrate a conclusion.The journal habit has still (50) _ vaiue. Just (51) _ you need to record observations-the material

19、for writing-you need to practice putting thoughts on paper. Learning to write is more like learning to ski (52) _ it is like studying calculus or anthropology. Practice helps you discover ways to improve. Writing down ideas for your own use forces you to examine them. Putting thoughts on paper for s

20、omeone else to read (53) _ you to evaluate not (54) _ the content-what you say-but also the expression- (55) _ you say it .Many writers have benefited from from this habit.Part Four : Proofreading Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 20 mistakes, o

21、ne in each underlined sentence or part of a sentence. You may have to change a word, add a word or just delete a word. If you change a word, cross it out with a slash () and write the correct word. If you add a word, write the missing word between the words (in bracket) immediately before and after

22、it. If you delete a word, cross it out with a slash ().Put your answers in the ANSWER SHEET. (20%)Examples:Eg.1 (56) The meeting begun 2 hours ago.Correction in the ANSWER SHEET: (56) begun beganEg.2 (57) Scarcely they settled themselves in their seats in the theatre when the curtain went up.Correct

23、ion in the ANSWER SHEET: (57) (Scarcely) had (they)Eg.3 (58) Never will I not do it again.Correction in the ANSWER SHEET: (58) not (56) “Humanism” has used to mean too many things things to be a very satisfactory term. (57) Nevertheless. And in the lack of a better word. (58) I shall use it here to

24、explain for the complex of attitudes which this discussion has undertaken to defend.(59) In this sense a humanist is anyone who rejects the attempt to describe or account of man wholly on the basis of physics, chemistry, and animal behavior. (60) He is anyone who believes that will, reason, and purp

25、ose are real and significant; that value and justice are aspects of a reality called good and evil and rests upon some foundation other than custom; (61) that consciousness is so far from a mere epiphenomenona that it is the most tremendous of actualities; (62) that the unmeasured may be significant

26、; to sum it all up. (63) that those human realities which sometimes seem to exist only in human mind are the perceptions of the mind.(64) He is ,in other words, anyone who says that there are more things in heaven and earth than those dreamed of in the positivist philosolhy.(65) Originally, to be su

27、re, the term humanist meant simply anyone who thought the study of ancient literature his chief concern. Obviously it means, as I use it, very much more. (66) But there remains nevertheless a certain connection between the aboriginal meaning and that I an attempting to give it. (67) because those wh

28、om I describe as humanists usually recognize that literature and the arts have been pretty consistently “on its side” and (68) because it is often to literature that they turn to renew their faith in the whole class of truths which the modern world has so consistently tended to dismiss as the mere f

29、igments of a wishful thinking imagination.(69) Insofar as this modern world gives less and less attention to its literary past, insofar as it dismisses that past as something outgrow and (70) to be discarded as much as the imperfect technology contemporary with it has been discarded. (71) just to th

30、at extent it facilitate the surrender of humanism to technology. (72) The literature is to be found, directly expressed or. (73) more often, indirectly implied, the most effective correction to the views now most prevalent among the thinking and unthinking.(74) The great imaginative writers present

31、a picture of human nature and of human life which carries conviction and thus giving the lie to all attempt to reduce man to a mechanism. Novels and poems, and dramas are so persistently concerned with the values which relativism rejects that one might even define literature as the attempt to pass v

32、alue judgments upon representations of human life. (75) More often than not those of its imaginative persons who fail to achieve power and wealth are more successful than those who do not-by standards which the imaginative writer persuades us to accept as valid.北京大学2000年考博英语真题（判断正误部分）Part Four : Pro

33、ofreading Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 20 mistakes, one in each underlined sentence or part of a sentence. You may have to change a word, add a word or just delete a word. If you change a word, cross it out with a slash () and write the cor

34、rect word. If you add a word, write the missing word between the words (in bracket) immediately before and after it. If you delete a word, cross it out with a slash ().Put your answers in the ANSWER SHEET. (20%)Examples:Eg.1 (56) The meeting begun 2 hours ago.Correction in the ANSWER SHEET: (56) beg

35、un beganEg.2 (57) Scarcely they settled themselves in their seats in the theatre when the curtain went up.Correction in the ANSWER SHEET: (57) (Scarcely) had (they)Eg.3 (58) Never will I not do it again.Correction in the ANSWER SHEET: (58) not (56) “Humanism” has used to mean too many things things

36、to be a very satisfactory term. (57) Nevertheless. And in the lack of a better word. (58) I shall use it here to explain for the complex of attitudes which this discussion has undertaken to defend.(59) In this sense a humanist is anyone who rejects the attempt to describe or account of man wholly on

37、 the basis of physics, chemistry, and animal behavior. (60) He is anyone who believes that will, reason, and purpose are real and significant; that value and justice are aspects of a reality called good and evil and rests upon some foundation other than custom; (61) that consciousness is so far from

38、 a mere epiphenomenona that it is the most tremendous of actualities; (62) that the unmeasured may be significant; to sum it all up. (63) that those human realities which sometimes seem to exist only in human mind are the perceptions of the mind.(64) He is ,in other words, anyone who says that there

39、 are more things in heaven and earth than those dreamed of in the positivist philosolhy.(65) Originally, to be sure, the term humanist meant simply anyone who thought the study of ancient literature his chief concern. Obviously it means, as I use it, very much more. (66) But there remains neverthele

40、ss a certain connection between the aboriginal meaning and that I an attempting to give it. (67) because those whom I describe as humanists usually recognize that literature and the arts have been pretty consistently “on its side” and (68) because it is often to literature that they turn to renew th

41、eir faith in the whole class of truths which the modern world has so consistently tended to dismiss as the mere figments of a wishful thinking imagination.(69) Insofar as this modern world gives less and less attention to its literary past, insofar as it dismisses that past as something outgrow and

42、(70) to be discarded as much as the imperfect technology contemporary with it has been discarded. (71) just to that extent it facilitate the surrender of humanism to technology. (72) The literature is to be found, directly expressed or. (73) more often, indirectly implied, the most effective correct

43、ion to the views now most prevalent among the thinking and unthinking.(74) The great imaginative writers present a picture of human nature and of human life which carries conviction and thus giving the lie to all attempt to reduce man to a mechanism. Novels and poems, and dramas are so persistently

44、concerned with the values which relativism rejects that one might even define literature as the attempt to pass value judgments upon representations of human life. (75) More often than not those of its imaginative persons who fail to achieve power and wealth are more successful than those who do not

45、-by standards which the imaginative writer persuades us to accept as valid.北京大学2000年考博英语真题（阅读理解部分）Part Two : Reading Comprehension. Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question four answers are given. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each quest

46、ion .Put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET.(15%)Passage OneIt was a normal day in the life of the American Red Cross in Greater New York .First, part of a building on West 140th Street ,in Harlem, fell down .Beds tumbled through the air ,people slid out of their apartments and onto the ground ,three p

47、eople died ,and the Red Cross was there ,helping shocked residents find temporary shelter ,and food and clothing .Then it was back downtown for that evenings big fund raiser ,the Eleventh Annual Red Cross Award Dinner Dance ,at the Pierre .“Thats why I have bed hair tonight ,” said Christopher Peake

48、 ,a Red Cross spokesman who had spent much of the day at the Harlen scene, in the drizzling rain .He was now in a tuxedo ,and actually his hair didnt lood so bed ,from eight crystal chandeliers .Definitely not having a bad hair night was Elizabeth Dole ,the wife of Senator Robert Dole and the presid

49、ent of the American Red Cross. Tresident Dole has chestnut colored Republican hair ,which was softly coifed ,and she was wearing a fitted burgundy velvet evening suit(“Someone made it for me ! I love velvet !”she exclaimed ,in her enthusiastic ,Northern Carolina hostess voice )and sparkling drop ear

50、rings .Of course ,she hadnt been standing in the rain in Harlem; she had just flown up on the three - o clock shuttle from Washington .Dole is extremely pretty ,with round green eyes and a full mouth and a direst personality . She tilts her head attentively when she listens .She was the recipient of

51、 the evenings award ; previous award winners have included Alice Tully, Princess Yasmin Aga Khan ,and ,most recently, Brooke Astor . Not esactly Asequence at the end of which you would expece to find Elizabeth Dole ,but award givers are famous for having political instincts as well as philanthropic

52、ones .Surrounded by the deep blue swags and golden draperies of the ballroom were more than thiry five dinner tables set with grupings of candles and floral centerpieces and Royal Doulton china .American Express was there . So were Bristol Myers Squibb; Coopers lybrand; the New York Times Company; U

53、nion Bank of Switzerland; Chemical Bank ; New York Life; and Price Waterhouse. The actress Arlene Dahl ,with rather red hair and her bearded husband, presided over one table .Otherwise, it was a typical ,faceless, captain of industry fund raiser(no models ! no stars!),of which there seems to be at l

54、east one every night in New York City. It was not a society night ,but still the evening raised four hundred and thirty thousand dollars.26.from what we read we can infer that “it was a normal day in the life of the American Red Cross in Greater New York ”means its staff _.Adeal with the fall of hou

55、ses in the city every day Bare busy helping people who suffer from disasters every day Cwork during the day and to have banquet in the evening every day Dgo to Harlen ,the poorest district of New York ,every day and help people there27.The fund raiser mentioned in the passage refers to _.ARobert Dol

56、e BElizabeth Dole Cthe Eleventh Annual Red Cross Award Dinner DanceDall the business companies attending the dinner dance 28.Christopher Peakes hair didnt look so bad because _ .Ahe was wearing a handsome tuxedo Bhe was wearing tulips on his suit Che was seen among flowers Dhe was sitting near flowe

57、rs and in very soft light 29.Elizabeth Dole was _ .Athe president of the American Red Cross and acted at the Dinnre as a North Carolina hostessBa republican and wife of the president of the American Red cross Cthe president of the American Red Cross and its main representative at the Annual Dinner D

58、anceDborn in North Carolina ,became an air hostess and later married senator Robert Dole 30.The presence of an actress at the Dinner made the fund raising _ .Aless impersonal Ba typical fund raising eventCless personal Dmore business like Passage TwoFor laymen ethnology is the most interesting of th

59、e biological sciences for the very reason that it concerns animals in their normal activities and therefore, if we wish, we can assess the possible dangers and advantages in our own behavioral roots. Ethnology also is interesting methodologically because it combines in new ways very scrupulous field

60、 observations with experimentation in laboratories.The field workers have had some handicaps in winning respect for themselves. For a long time they were considered as little better than amateur animal watchers certainly not scientists, since their facts were not gained by experimental procedures: t

61、hey could not conform to the hard and fast rule that a problem set up and solved by one scientist must be tested by other scientists, under identical conditions and reaching identical results. Of course many situations in the lives of animals simply cannot be rehearsed and controlled in this way. Th

62、e fall flocking of wild free birds cant be , or the boming of animals over long distances, or even details of spontaneous family relationships. Sine these never can be reproduced in a laboratory, they then not worth knowing about?The ethnologists who choose field work have got themselves out of this impasse by greatly refining the techniques of observing. At the start of a project all the animals to be studied are live-trapped, marked individually, and released. Motion pictures, often in