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1、1 1 1 1 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/031 1 1 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/032 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03Cisco AutoQoS Technical Presentation Ramya Venkatr

2、amanTechnical Marketing Engineer QoSInternet Technologies Group3 3 3 3 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03AgendaIntroductionCisco AutoQoS FrameworkAutomation with Cisco AutoQoSAutoQoS Deployment Case StudySummaryIntroduction4 4 4 4 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.Al

3、l rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03Introduction IETF DiffServ Architecture(RFC-2475)5 5 5 5 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03A New Paradigm for Automating the Delivery of Network Quality of ServiceKey Takeaways:Simpler QoS deployments Re

4、duces operator errorsCheaper QoS deployments Up to 2/3rds reduction in costFaster QoS deployments Up to 2/3rds reduction in deployment time Cisco AutoQoS initial focus:QoS for Voice over IPIP Telephony is here!IP Telephony requires QoSQoS deployment can be challengingCisco AutoQoS makes VoIP deploym

5、ents simpler,cheaper,and fasterCisco AutoQoS retains 100%customer control over configuration6 6 6 6 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03Cisco QoS Introduction:A Complete Diffserv ToolkitLink Efficiency Mechanisms(Compression,Fragmentation)Congestion Avoidanc

6、e Mechanisms(WRED,WRED-ECN)Congestion Management Techniques(WFQ,CBWFQ,LLQ)Classification&Marking(DSCP,IP Precedence,nBAR,etc.)FETraffic Conditioners(Policing,Shaping)Queuing&Scheduling(WRR,PQ)Buffer Management&WREDClassification(CoS,DSCP,ACLs,VLAN,Port-based)Policing&Marking(Aggregate&Micro Flow Pol

7、icing)GEATMPPPHDLCFRAME RELAY7 7 7 7 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03AgendaIntroductionCisco AutoQoS FrameworkAutomation with Cisco AutoQoSAutoQoS Deployment Case StudySummaryCisco AutoQoS Framework8 8 8 8 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQ

8、oS Technical Presentation,1/03DiffServ FunctionCisco IOS QoS FeatureBehaviorClassificationNBARDSCP,PortClassification of VoIP based on packet attributes or port trustMarkingClass-Based MarkingSet L3/L2 attributes to bucketize packets into a classCongestion Management%based LLQ,WRRProvide EF treatmen

9、t to voice&BE treatment to dataShapingClass-based Shaping or FRTSShape to CIR to prevent burst&smooth Traffic to Configured RateLink Efficiency MechanismHeader CompressionReduce the VoIP bandwidth requirementLink Efficiency MechanismLink Fragmentation&InterleavingReduce jitter experienced by voice p

10、acketsAutomation and simplification of the existing user interface to expedite deployment of QoS features for VoIPFine-tuning of AutoQoS generated parameters by user,if desiredCisco AutoQoS-VoIP FrameworkDiffServ Functions Automated9 9 9 9 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical

11、 Presentation,1/03Cisco AutoQoS Framework Network Based Application RecognitionBenefitsIdentifies Layer 4 to Layer 7 applications and protocols Stateful&deep packet inspectionProtocol Discovery analyzes application traffic patterns in real time and identifies traffic is running on the networkPlatfor

12、m SupportCisco 1700,2600,3600,7100,7200,FlexWan Series RoutersSwitches:MSFC support on Sup 1a&Sup 2 introduced in Release 12.1(13)ECitrix25%Netshow 15%Fasttrack10%FTP30%HTTP20%Link UtilizationWhat Applications are running through my network?10101010 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS

13、 Technical Presentation,1/03Cisco AutoQoS Framework nBAR RTP Payload Type ClassificationCODECPayload TypeG.711(Audio)0(mu-law)8(a-law)G.721(Audio)2G.722(Audio)9G.723(Audio)4G.728(Audio)15G.729(Audio)18H.261(Video)31MPEG-1(A/V)MPEG-2(A/V)14(Audio),32(Video),33(A-V)Dynamic96-12711111111 2002,Cisco Sys

14、tems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03Cisco AutoQoS Framework Percentage Based PoliciesProblemsFixed CIR imposes scalability issuesService policies differ by interface,with a wide range of interface bandwidthsSolutionConfigure policies as a percentage of available bandwidth

15、AdvantageIncreased Scalability&ManageabilitySame Policy Map can be applied on multiple interfaces and on interfaces with varying bandwidthBuild Once,Apply Many PoliciesBuild Once,Apply Many Policies12121212 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/0310mbps Ethernet

16、10mbps EthernetVoice1500 Data BytesVoiceVoice1500 Data BytesVoiceVoice1500 Data BytesVoice56kb WAN214ms Serialization DelayVoice Packet60 bytesEvery 20 msVoice Packet60 bytesEvery 214 msVoice Packet60 bytesEvery 214 msBenefit:reduce the jitter in voice callsImplemented via Multilink PPP(MLP)over FR,

17、ATM,and leased lines Fragments are interleaved with the real-time packets,reducing the Serialization delay experienced by Voice packetsCisco AutoQoS Framework MLPPP Link Fragmentation&InterleavingProblem:large packets“freeze out”voice13131313 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Techni

18、cal Presentation,1/03Cisco AutoQoS Framework RTP Header CompressionPROBLEM:Header=2 X PayloadCODECPPP6 Bytes of HeaderATM53 Bytes Cells witha 48 Byte PayloadFrame-Relay4 Bytes of HeaderG.711 at 50 pps82.4 kbps106 Kbps81.6 kbpsG.711 at 33 pps75.5 kbps84 Kbps75 kbpsG.729A at 50 pps26.4 kbps42.4 Kbps25

19、.6 kbpsG.729A at 33 pps20 kbps28 Kbps19.5 kbpsBENEFIT:Reduction in Voice Bandwidth RequirementCODECPPP6 Bytes of HeaderATM53 Bytes Cells witha 48 Byte PayloadFrame-Relay4 Bytes of HeaderG.711 at 50 pps68 kbpsN/A67 kbpsG.711 at 33 pps66 kbpsN/A65.5 kbpsG.729A at 50 pps12 kbpsN/A11.2 kbpsG.729A at 33

20、pps10.5 kbpsN/A10 kbps14141414 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03AgendaIntroductionCisco AutoQoS FrameworkAutomation with Cisco AutoQoSAutoQoS Deployment Case StudySummaryAutomation with Cisco AutoQoS15151515 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.Auto

21、QoS Technical Presentation,1/03Automation with Cisco AutoQoS VoIP Intelligence in the LANServer FarmServer FarmCoreLayer 3 Switched BackboneLayer 3 SwitchLayer 2 SwitchBuildingBuildingBuildingAccessDistributionEnable Trust boundary(phone,access,uplink/downlink)Enable Priority Queuing where requiredM

22、odify Queue Admission criteria where requiredConfigure CoS to DSCP and IP Prec to DSCP maps where required16161616 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03Automation with Cisco AutoQoS VoIP Intelligence in the WANBuild MQC based policies for VoIPIntelligent Clas

23、sification(Trust/Untrust)High Speed&Low Speed QoS PoliciesAutomatically enable QoS features specific to underlying transport protocol(FR,ATM,PPP,FR-to-ATM)Enable Traffic Shaping where requiredEnable LFI(FRF.12,MLP)where requiredEnable CRTPMonitoring&SNMP Alerts125 Remote SitesWAN17171717 2002,Cisco

24、Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03Cisco AutoQoS Benefits Router PlatformsUser can meet the voice QoS requirements without extensive knowledge about:Underlying technologies(i.e.:PPP,FR,ATM)Service policiesLink efficiency mechanismsAutoQoS lends itself to tuning of all

25、 generated parameters&configurationsCisco 2600,2600-XM,3600,3700,and 7200 Series Routers18181818 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03Supported on serial(PPP&HDLC),ATM PVCs,FR DLCIs and FR/ATM linksOnly on point-to-point sub-interfaces for FR and low speed AT

26、M PVCsPolicies are specific to underlying transport layer protocolAutomatically identifies H.323,MGCP,H.225(Unicast),SIP and Skinny Signaling ProtocolsCommand Line InterfaceAutomation with Cisco AutoQoS Router Platformsauto qos voip trust Untrusted Mode by defaultauto qos voip fr-atm Enabled on FR D

27、LCI for FR/ATM Interworking 19191919 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03Automation with Cisco AutoQoS Router Platforms(Cont)20202020 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03class-map VoIP-Bearer match protocol rtp audio

28、class-map VoIP-Control match access-group 101!policy-map QoS-Policy class VoIP-Bearer priority percent 30 set ip dscp efclass VoIP-Control bandwidth percent 5 set ip dscp af31class class-default fair-queue!Access-list 101 permit tcp any any eq 1720 H.323Access-list 101 permit tcp any any range 11000

29、 11999 H.323Access-list 101 permit udp any any eq 2427 MGCPAccess-list 101 permit udp any any eq 2428 MGCPAccess-list 101 permit tcp any any range 2000 2002 SkinnyConfiguring QoS for VoIP on Low Speed Frame Relay WAN LinkClassify the traffic of interest for QoS PolicyDefine QoS Policy TreatmentWitho

30、ut AutoQoSDefine ACLs to classifyVoIP SignalingAutomation with Cisco AutoQoS Router Platforms(Cont)FrameRelay21212121 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03interface Serial4/0 encapsulation frame-relayframe-relay traffic-shaping!interface Serial4/0.1 point-to-

31、point bandwidth 256ip address 10.1.71.1 255.255.255.0 frame-relay interface-dlci 100 class VoIPFrame-relay ip rtp header-compression!map-class frame-relay VoIP frame-relay cir 256000 frame-relay bc 2560 frame-relay be 0 frame-relay mincir 256000 service-policy output QoS-Policy frame-relay fragment

32、320Enabling FRTS,FRF.12&CRTPEnable Frame Relay Traffic ShapingApply FR class-map to DLCIFrame Relay Traffic ShapingApply QoS PolicyEnable FRF.12Enable RTP Header CompressionWithout AutoQoSAutomation with Cisco AutoQoS Router Platforms(Cont)FrameRelay22222222 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserve

33、d.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03interface Serial4/0 encapsulation frame-relayframe-relay traffic-shaping!interface Serial4/0.1 point-to-pointbandwidth 256ip address 10.1.71.1 255.255.255.0frame-relay interface-dlci 100 class AutoQoS-VoIP-FR-Serial4/0-100 auto qos voipframe-relay ip rtp header-c

34、ompression!map-class frame-relay AutoQoS-VoIP-FR-Serial4/0-100 frame-relay cir 256000 frame-relay bc 2560 frame-relay be 0 frame-relay mincir 256000 service-policy output AutoQoS-Policy-UnTrust frame-relay fragment 320You enable AutoQoSFRTS enabled by AutoQoSFRTS&FRF.12 settings generated by AutoQoS

35、CRTP configuration generated by AutoQoSYou specify BW,IP Addr&FR DLCIWith AutoQoSAutomation with Cisco AutoQoS Router Platforms(Cont)FrameRelay23232323 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03Provisioning done by AutoQoSClassification done by AutoQoSclass-map ma

36、tch-any AutoQoS-VoIP-RTP-Untrust match protocol rtp audio match access-group name AutoQoS-VOIP-RTCPclass-map AutoQoS-VoIP-Control-Untrust match access-group name AutoQoS-VOIP-Controlclass-map match-any AutoQoS-VOIP-Remark match ip dscp ef match ip dscp af31!policy-map AutoQoS-Policy-Untrustclass-map

37、 AutoQoS-VoIP-RTP-Untrust priority percent 70 set dscp efclass AutoQoS-VoIP-Control-Untrust bandwidth percent 5 set dscp af31class AutoQoS-VoIP-Remark set dscp defaultclass class-default fair-queueAutomation with Cisco AutoQoS Router Platforms(Cont)FrameRelayWith AutoQoS24242424 2002,Cisco Systems,I

38、nc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03RMON event configured generated by AutoQoSMonitoring Drops in LLQThresholds are activated in RMON alarm table to monitor drops in Voice ClassDefault drop threshold is 1bps rmon event 33333 log trap AutoQoS description“AutoQoSSNMP traps for Vo

39、ice Drops”owner AutoQoS rmon alarm 33350 cbQoSCMDDropBitRate.2881.2991 30Absolute rising-threshold 1 33333 falling-threshold 0 Owner AutoQoSWith AutoQoSAutomation with Cisco AutoQoS Router Platforms(Cont)FrameRelay25252525 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/0

40、3User can meet the voice QoS requirements without extensive knowledge about:Trust boundaryCoS to DSCP mappingsWeighted Round Robin(WRR)&Priority Queue(PQ)Scheduling parametersGenerated parameters and configurations are user tunableCisco AutoQoS Benefits Switch PlatformsCisco Catalyst 6500,4500,3550,

41、and 2950EI Switches 26262626 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03Single command at the interface level configures interface and global QoSSupport for Cisco IP Phone&Cisco Soft PhoneSupport for Cisco Soft Phone currently exists only on the Cat6500Trust Bounda

42、ry is disabled when IP Phone is moved/relocatedBuffer Allocation&Egress Queuing dependent on interface type(GE/FE)Supported on Static,dynamic-access,voice VLAN access,and trunk ports CDP must be enabled for AutoQoS to function properlyCisco Catalyst 2950 EI supports WRR,Strict Priority Scheduling,an

43、d Strict Priority QueuingAutomation with Cisco AutoQoS Switch Platforms27272727 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03Cisco Catalyst 6500 SwitchGlobal:set qos autoqosInterface:set port qos autoqos voip ciscosoftphone|ciscoipphoneTrust Boundary:Set port qos aut

44、oqos trust cos|dscpCisco Catalyst 3550 and 2950EI Switchesauto qos voip trust QoS Labels in ingress packets are trustedauto qos voip Cisco-phone Extends trust boundary if IP Phone detectedCisco Catalyst 4500 SwitchSimilar to Cat 3550/2950 Automation with Cisco AutoQoS Switch Platforms(Cont)Command L

45、ine Interface28282828 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03set qos enableset port qos mod/port cos 0set port qos mod/port cos-ext 0set port qos mod/port trust-ext untrustedset port qos mod/port trust-device ciscoipphoneset qos acl ip ACL_IP-PHONES trust-cos a

46、nycommit qos acl ACL_IP-PHONESset qos acl map ACL_IP-PHONES mode/port set port qos mod/port trust trust-cosset qos ipprec-dscp-map 0 10 18 26 34 46 48 56set qos cos-dscp-map 0 10 18 26 34 46 48 56set qos map 2q2t tx queue 2 2 cos 5,6,7.Automation with Cisco AutoQoS Switch Platforms(Cont)Without Auto

47、QoSConfiguring QoS for VoIP on Trusted&Untrusted Ports in the LAN6500650065006500650029292929 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03Automation with Cisco AutoQoS Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series SwitchWith AutoQoSset port macro 4/1 ciscoipphone 10 110 Port 4/1 has b

48、een fully configured for ciscoipphone.Data vlan set to 10,auxiliary vlan set to 110,port based autoqos configured.Global autoqos configured on all ports.set qos autoqosAll ingress and egress QoS scheduling parameters configured on all ports.CoS to DSCP,DSCP to COS and IP Precedence to DSCP maps conf

49、igured.Global QoS configuredset port qos autoqos 4/1 voip ciscoipphonePort 4/1 has been fully configured for voip.Global autoqos configured on all portsUser enables AutoQoSGenerated by AutoQoSGenerated by AutoQoS6500650065006500650030303030 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technica

50、l Presentation,1/03mls qos map cos-dscp 0 10 18 26 34 46 48 56mls qos!interface FastEthernet0/1Description to IP Phone mls qos trust CoS wrr-queue cos-map 4 5 priority-queue out switchport voice vlan 111 switchport access vlan 11 switchport priority extend cos 0Map CoS Values in incoming packets to

51、DSCP valuesIngress Classification set to trust CoS value received in the packetAssign packets with CoS 5 to Queue 4(Expedite Queue)Enable Egress Expedite QueueEnable Trust Boundary on the phoneConfiguring QoS for VoIP on Trusted Ports in the LANAutomation with Cisco AutoQoS Cisco Catalyst 3550 Serie

52、s SwitchWithout AutoQoS6500650035003500350035003500350031313131 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03 Interface GigabitEthernet0/1mls qos trust device cisco-phonemls qos trust cosauto qos voip cisco-phonewrr-queue bandwidth 20 1 80 0wrr-queue queue-limit 80 1

53、 20 1wrr-queue cos-map 1 0 1 2 4wrr-queue cos-map 3 3 6 7wrr-queue cos-map 4 5priority-queue outGenerated by AutoQoSGenerated by AutoQoSYou enable AutoQoSInterface FastEthernet0/1mls qos trust device cisco-phonemls qos trust cosauto qos voip cisco-phonewrr-queue bandwidth 20 1 80 0wrr-queue min-rese

54、rve 1 5wrr-queue min-reserve 2 6wrr-queue min-reserve 3 7wrr-queue min-reserve 4 8wrr-queue cos-map 1 0 1 2 4wrr-queue cos-map 3 3 6 7 wrr-queue cos-map 4 5priority-queue outYou enable AutoQoSAutomation with Cisco AutoQoS Cisco Catalyst 3550 Series SwitchWith AutoQoS650065003500350035003500350035003

55、2323232 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03mls qosmls qos map cos-dscp 0 10 18 26 34 46 48 56wrr-queue cos-map 1 0 1 2 4wrr-queue cos-map 3 3 6 7wrr-queue cos-map 4 5wrr-queue bandwidth 20 1 80 0!Interface GigabitEthernet0/1Description Uplink to Trusted Sou

56、rcemls qos trust dscp!interface FastEthernet0/1Description to IP Phone mls qos trust CoS switchport voice vlan 111 switchport access vlan 11 switchport priority extend cos 0Map CoS Values in incoming packets to DSCP valuesIngress Classification set to trust CoS value received in the packetAssign pac

57、kets with CoS 5 to Queue 4(Expedite Queue)Enable Trust Boundary on the phoneConfiguring QoS for VoIP on Trusted&Untrusted Ports in the LANAutomation with Cisco AutoQoS Cisco Catalyst 2950EI Series SwitchWithout AutoQoS6500650035003500350035003500350033333333 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserve

58、d.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03mls qos map cos-dscp 0 8 16 26 32 46 48 56wrr-queue bandwidth 20 1 80 0no wrr-queue cos-mapwrr-queue cos-map 1 0 1 2 4wrr-queue cos-map 3 3 6 7wrr-queue cos-map 4 5!interface GigabitEthernet0/2 auto qos voip trust mls qos trust cos!Interface FastEthernet0/1 auto

59、qos voip cisco-phone mls qos trust device cisco-phone Generated by AutoQoSauto qos voip trustYou enable AutoQoSauto qos voip cisco-phoneAutomation with Cisco AutoQoS Cisco Catalyst 2950EI Series SwitchWith AutoQoS6500650035003500350035003500350034343434 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.Aut

60、oQoS Technical Presentation,1/03AgendaIntroductionCisco AutoQoS FrameworkAutomation with Cisco AutoQoSAutoQoS Deployment Case StudySummaryAutoQoS Deployment Case Study35353535 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03QoS Deployment for VoIPGoal:Deploy consistent,

61、end-to-end QoS for VoIPWANWANClassification&Trust Classification&Trust BoundaryBoundaryMarking/RemarkingMarking/RemarkingEgress Queue SchedulingEgress Queue SchedulingBuffer ManagementBuffer ManagementIntelligent Classification Intelligent Classification Bandwidth ProvisioningBandwidth ProvisioningA

62、dmission ControlAdmission ControlShapingShapingLink Fragmentation&InterleavingLink Fragmentation&InterleavingHeader CompressionHeader CompressionLayer 3 PolicingLayer 3 PolicingEgress SchedulingEgress Scheduling(Multiple Queues with WRR)(Multiple Queues with WRR)Priority Queuing for VOIPPriority Que

63、uing for VOIPBuffer ManagementBuffer ManagementAccess LayerAccess LayerDistribution LayerDistribution LayerWAN36363636 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03ApplicationApplicationClassificationClassificationPolicyPolicyGenerationGenerationConfigurationConfigur

64、ationMonitoringMonitoring&ReportingReportingConsistencyConsistency Identify Traffic of InterestIdentify Traffic of Interest Trust&UntrustTrust&Untrust Link Efficiency Link Efficiency Mechanisms Mechanisms CoS to DSCP to CoS to DSCP to Queue mappingQueue mapping WRR&WRED WRR&WRED parametersparameters

65、 Transport specific Transport specific featuresfeatures Monitor the Monitor the performance of performance of Voice trafficVoice traffic Consistent end-to-end Consistent end-to-end QoS across LAN&WANQoS across LAN&WAN Platform ConsistencyPlatform Consistency ClassesClasses Bandwidth requirementsBand

66、width requirements High Speed Vs Low Speed QoSHigh Speed Vs Low Speed QoS Buffer ManagementBuffer ManagementQoS Deployment for VoIP Without AutoQoSKeyElementsof QoS Deployment37373737 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03QoS Deployment for VoIP Manual Approach without AutoQoS38383838 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.AutoQoS Technical Presentation,1/03QoS Deployment for VoIP Manual Approach without AutoQoS39393939 2002,Cisco Systems,Inc.All right