大学英语教学资料-book1-u

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1、 Compound DictationYou will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from S1 to S8 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from S9 to S11 you are required to fill in the missing information. For th

2、ese blanks you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Now listen to the passage. Back课 文 小 结 写 作导 入 背 景 知 识 视 频 讨 论 For more随 笔 N H C E American health officials are advising people with HIV to take their medicine every day and not to stop

3、. They warn that breaks in treatment could sharply increase theS1 _ of AIDS or death.S2 _ at the National Institutes of Health say their warning is S3 _ on findings from a large study. It S4 _ the effects of controlled suspensions in drug treatment. The study S5 _ more than five thousand people. Med

4、icines can S6 _ HIV, the S7 _ that develops into AIDS. Compound Dictationrisk Expertsbasedexamined Back课 文 小 结 写 作导 入 背 景 知 识 视 频 讨 论随 笔 involved suppress N H C E virus Researchers at the National Institutes of Health began the study in January of 2002. They called it SMARTS8 _ for Management of Ant

5、i-Retroviral Therapy. S9 _. The scientists reached more than ninety percent of the target before they halted new enrollments last month. They did so earlier than planned. The researchers tested all the people for the level of CD-four cells in their blood. These cells are a measure of the strength of

6、 the bodys defense system.Compound DictationStrategies They wanted to study six thousand people around the world Back课 文 小 结 写 作导 入 背 景 知 识 视 频 讨 论随 笔 N H C E S10 _. One group stayed on continuous anti-retroviral therapy. They took their medicines every day. The others took them periodically. They t

7、ook the drugs only when their CD-four count fell below two hundred fifty cells per cubic millimeter of blood. S11 _ _. The study found that these patients were two times as likely to develop AIDS or to die as the group on continuous treatment.Compound Dictation The researchers divided the patients i

8、nto two groups The patients would go off the drugs again once their cell count climbed above three hundred fifty Back课 文 小 结 写 作导 入 背 景 知 识 视 频 讨 论随 笔 N H C E 课 文 分 析 New Words 学 得immune a. 免 疫 的deficiency n. C, U 缺 乏 ,不 足syndrome n. C 综 合 病 症diagnose vt. 诊 断infect vt. 传 染 ;影 响HIV n. U 艾 滋 病 病 毒rura

9、l a. 乡 村 的constitute vt. 组 成 ;设 立 ;制 定n.virus n. C 病 毒AIDS 艾 滋 病 New Words C闹 钟 ;U 惊 慌 alarming a. 令 人 惊 恐 的federal a. 联 邦 的 ,联 邦 制 的 implement vt. 实 施 ,执 行organization n. C 组 织 ,机 构 ;U安 排 emerge vi. 浮 现 ,出 现network n. C 人 际 关 系 网 ;网 络 combat n./vt. U 斗 争resource n. C (usu. pl.) 资 源creative 创 造 性 的

10、， 有 创 造 力 的segment n. C部 分 ;碎 片a. New Words U 发 表C 约 会 ,约 定 ,预 约C 发 型 师U 有 文 化 ,识 字U 文 学 ;文 献解 决 ;解 答 educational a.client n.publication n.appointment n. stylist n.literacy n.literature n.solve vt.educate vt. 教 育 ;训 练 creatively ad. 创 造 性 地 ， 有 创 造 力 地 New Words 创 办buster n. U克 星risk n./vt. C, U 危 险

11、 性 ;使 遭 受pressure n. C, U 压 力define vt. 下 定 义 , 描 述 redefine vt. 重 新 说 明marital a. 婚 姻 的plague n./vt. C 瘟 疫 ;使 苦 恼establishment n. C 机 构 ;单 位 New Words 不 管 怎 样crisis n. C, U 危 机 ;紧 急 关 头cure represent n./vt. C 治 疗 (愈 );措 施 ;改 善vt. 表 示 ,代 表 ;应 视 为epidemic n. C 流 行 病 ,传 染 病threaten vt. 威 胁 ,威 胁 到 ,恐 吓

12、racial a. 种 族 的distract vt. 使 分 心 ;转 移 注 意 力efficiency n. U 功 率 ;功 效solution n. C 解 决 办 法 ;解 答 New Words 低 效 率be infected with 被 感 染in place of 代 替suffer from 受 苦 ;患hand out 散 发 ,分 发set up 设 立 ;创 建at risk 有 风 险 ,有 危 险regardless of 不 顾 ,不 管guard against 防 止 发 生 undeclared a. 未 正 式 宣 布 的 New Words for

13、m 组成Girls constitute 20 percent of the student population in the university. 女生占这所大学学生总数的百分之二十。Twelve people constitute a research group. 12个人组成一个研究小组。 下一页 implement vt.实施，执行The groups idea will be implemented immediately.这个小组的建议将很快得到实施。The government promised to implement a new program to control p

14、ollution. 政府承诺要执行新的计划以控制污染。 in place ofinstead of 代替William talked at the meeting in place of the manager who was sick. 威廉代替身体不适的经理在会上作了发言。 Back代 替 针 对 鉴 于 in place of (sb./sth.)取 代 枯 燥 校 园 生 活 的是 正 兴 起 的 丰 富 多 彩的 文 化 活 动 。短 语 应 用in place of/dull campus life/emerge/rich and colorful/ cultural activi

15、tiesIn place of dull campus life, rich and colorful cultural activities are emerging. 短语逆译 意 群 提 示N H C E combatvt. fight or struggle against 斗争The doctor spent his life combating disease. 这位医生一生都在与疾病作斗争。n. fight or battle 斗争The combat between good and evil will continue forever. 善与恶的斗争将永远持续下去。 下一页

16、literacy n.文化；识字They were required to take part in the literacy movement. 他们被要求参加识字运动。 It is reported that the literacy rate is very low in the rural areas. 据报道农村地区的教育普及率很低。low-literacyn.低文化水平 literature n. 1. written works which are of artistic value文学 British literature 英国文学 literature courses 文学课

17、程 2. printed material giving information资料 Have you any literature about the car? 你有关于汽车的资料吗？ He handed out the literature about AIDS to the students. 他把有关艾滋病的资料发给 illustrate vt.show the meaning of (sth.) by giving related pictures or examples 说明1.His story illustrates her skill in dealing with the

18、problem. 他所讲的故事说明了她处理这个问题的技巧2.He illustrated his idea with many examples and pictures.他用许多实例和图片说明自己的观点。 buster n.克星 The policeman was known as a drug buster. 这位警察被称作毒贩克星。The medicine is a cold buster. 这种药可以治疗感冒。 risktake a risktake the risk of pose a risk to/forat riskrisk to do sth. 冒险冒着的危险对构成危险有危险

19、冒危险做 rock climbing/be believed to/ones life/take the risk of/there be/still/many people/show special love for冒 的 危 险降 低 的 危 险对 构 成 危 险置 危 险 境 地 to take the risk ofto reduce the risk ofto pose a risk to/for.to put at risk攀 岩 被 认 为 是 在 拿 生命 冒 险 ， 但 仍 有 许 多人 对 此 情 有 独 钟 。 BackRock climbing is believed

20、to be taking the risk of ones life, but there are still many people who show special love for it. 知识链接活 学 活 用 意 群 提 示句 型 应 用 词 组 互 译 随 笔 课 文导 入 预 习 写 作N H C E redefine vt. consider sth. in a new way重新考虑, 重新定位 The teacher was asked to redefine the use of the new teaching methods. 这位教师被要求重新考虑新教学方法的运用。

21、 The role of women in social life is being redefined. 妇女在社会生活中的作用正在得到重新定位。 plague vt. annoy by repeated action缠绕，烦扰 They plagued the teacher with many questions. 他们用许多问题来烦老师。n.瘟疫,鼠疫; 灾难,祸患 The question of his future has plagued him recently. 最近她一直在为自己的前途问题苦恼。 His home area suffered from a plague of

22、dry weather last year. 去年他的家乡遭受了旱灾。 emphasize (英emphasise) vt. lay stress on强调 I must emphasize the fact that they are only children. 我必须强调他们还只是孩子。 He emphasized that everyone was at risk for the disease. 他强调说每个人都有感染这种疾病的危险。 regardless a.无论如何I must make the decision regardless. 不管怎么样，我必须做出决定。regardl

23、ess of 不顾,不管She married the young man regardless of her parents objection.她不顾父母的反对，嫁给了这个年轻人。 Back不 顾 不 计 regardless ofthe old/complain/the young/act/tend to/regardless of/ afterwards/what will happenThe old are always complaining that the young tend to act regardless of what will happen afterwards.老

24、 年 人 总 在 抱 怨 年 轻人 做 事 往 往 不 计 后 果 。短 语 应 用 短语逆译 意 群 提 示N H C E threaten v. express or be a warning that one is going to hurt, punish , etc.扬言；威胁 Traffic noise threatens our peaceful way of life车辆噪音威胁着我们宁静的生活。 She threatens to kill the man. 她扬言要杀死这个男人。 Back身 边 备 着 备 有 to keep. around一 定 要 随 身 带 着 手 机

25、 ，不 然 我 们 无 法 和 你 保持 联 系 。 短语逆译短 语 应 用be sure/keep around/ones mobile phone/otherwise/find no way/keep in touch with sb.Be sure to keep your mobile phone around, otherwise we find no way to keep in touch with you.意 群 提 示N H C E distract . from 使分心 Please turn off the TV because the noise will distra

26、ct the children from their homework. 请把电视机关掉,因为噪音会使孩子们分心,不能专心做作业。 Back使 某 人 不 能 专 心 于 to distract sb. from她 对 自 己 专 业 的 兴 趣极 大 ， 几 乎 没 有 什 么能 使 她 分 心 。in ones area of study/take such a great interest/ distract sb. from sth.She takes such a great interest in her area of study that almost nothing can

27、distract her from it.短 语 应 用 短语逆译 意 群 提 示N H C E efficiency n. the quality of being able to do a task successfully, without wasting time or energy 效率 1.There are many ways of increasing agricultural efficiency. 提高农业效率的方法有许多。 2.The use of these machines has increased our efficiency many times. 使用这些机器

28、使我们的效率提高了许多倍。 inefficiency n. the quality of being unable to do a task successfully效率低下，无效 The inefficiency of the program has led to the loss of millions of tons of food. 这一计划实施无效，造成了数百万吨粮食的损失。 He received serious critical comments on his inefficiency in the work. 他由于工作效率低而受到严厉批评。 sign up(cause to)

29、 sign an agreement to take part in sth. 报名参加; 签约参加工作(或组织)I hope more people sign up at the match. 我希望有更多的人报名参加这次比赛。 Difficult Sentences1. Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) was diagnosed in the United States in the late 1970s.(L1-2,Para.1) Meaning: AIDS was discovered by doctors in the last

30、few years of the 1970s.2. Despite such alarming numbers, the federal and state governments have been slow in implementing programs to stop the spread of AIDS.(L8-9.Para.3) Meaning: Although the number is surprisingly large, the federal and state governments havent taken actions to carry out the prog

31、ram to stop the spread of AIDS. 3. Like many local organization, this organization suffers from a lack of money, forcing it to use its resources creatively. (L12-14,Para.4) Meaning: . this organization lacks money, and so it has to make use of its people, material and ideas in a creative way.4. To r

32、each more people in the community, some AIDS educational programs operate out of a beauty shop.(L15-16,Para.4) reach: v. communicate with (sb.) esp. by telephone operate:v. be in action 起作用；发生影响 e.g. The system operates in five countries. 有五个国家实施这种体制 5. She also keeps books and other publications ar

33、ound so customers can read them while waiting for their appointments.(L.21-23,Para.5) Meaning: She puts some books and magazines in the shop, so customers can read them when they wait for haircut.6. Many communities have a low literacy rate, making impossible passing out AIDS literature and expectin

34、g people to read it.(L31-33,Para.8) Meaning: Most of the people in many communities are not able to read and write, and make it impossible to hand out the material about AIDS and expect them to reads them. 7. Redefine to include women from different backgrounds and marriage status.(L47-48, Para. 11)

35、 Meaning:Consider again the problem of “who is at risk for AIDS” in a new way, as women from different backgrounds and marriage status should be included in the people who are at risk for AIDS.8. Such misinformation plagues the medical establishment.(L49,Para.11) Meaning: The medical organization is

36、 bothered by such a wrong ideas as the one that women are not at risk for AIDS. Part IITask one: Discuss the questions on P.104.Task two: Summarize the main idea. (students involved)Task three: Analyze the organization of the text.Task four: Read the text and ask any questions on text.(Interpretatio

37、n/Difficult sentences)Task five: Learn to writeAssignments: Questions on the text:1.What war does this passage describe?2.What do people do in the war? 下 一 页 Key to the Questions:The war described in this passage refers to peoples fighting against the disease: AIDS. Despite the governments inactivit

38、y, many local organizations have been established to combat this fatal disease. They make efforts to educate people to guard against the virus by carrying out their educational programs creatively. They use easy-to-understand language or hand-drawn pictures to explain the risk of catching AIDS or emphasize that everyone is at risk and has a right to protect himself. Back