中国股市和美国股市镜像关系的实证研究8.ppt课件

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1、Class 8.Work Team8.1 Teams vs.Groups how do we explain the current popularity of teams?outperforming individuals when the tasks require multiple skill,judgement,experience(better utilize employee talents);facilitating employee participation in D-M,motivational property.1感谢你的观看2019年8月71.DefinitionsWo

2、rk Group-interacting primarily to share information&to make decisions to help each member perform with his area of responsibility.-help each member do better;Dont share responsibility for each others resultsTeam-Group whose individual efforts result in a performance that is greater than the sum of t

3、hose individual inputs.-working interdependently&being jointly accountable for performance goals.2感谢你的观看2019年8月72.Clarity of the difference Work groups Work teams Share information-Goal-Collective performance Neutral(negative)-Synergy-Positive Individual -Accountability-Individual&mutual Random&vari

4、ed-Skills-ComplementaryTeam work,Team player-embody teamwork valve,-Intense sense of belonging,Interdependence,Joint responsibility3感谢你的观看2019年8月7Class 8.Work Team8.2 Types of Teams4感谢你的观看2019年8月71.Classification base on objectiveProblem-Solving Teams:Group of 5-12 employees from the same department

5、 who meet for a few hours each week to discuss ways of improving quality,efficiency,&the work setting(P-solving).Quality Circles(Total Q P)-Q control,C reduction,P planning,P design Self-management teams:Group of 10-15 people taking on responsibilities of their former supervisors(empower).Office of

6、the President-collectively assumes the role of the COO In managing internal operations Cross-Functional team:employees from about the same hierarchical level,but from different wok area coming together to accomplish a task(coordination)Transnational Team-joint-venture team5感谢你的观看2019年8月72.Druckers 3

7、 types failure&all-but-universal belief Task force-temporary cross-functional team.Committees-groups made up of members from across departmental linesBaseball Team-Surgical operation team,assembly line.The players play on the team with fixed positions they never leave.-working“in series”,taking turn

8、Football Team-the symphony orchestra.The players play as a team with fixed positions,working“in parallel”.Tennis Double Team-Jazz combo,Presidents Office.(5-7)The players have a primary position,adjusting to their teammates strengths,weakness and the changing demands of the“game”.-totally break with

9、 the past6感谢你的观看2019年8月78.3 Building high-performance teamSize of teams-keep them under a dozen.Given a larger working unit,breaking into subteamsAbilities of members-3 different types of skills:technical expertise,P-s&D-m skills,interpersonalAllocating roles&promoting diversity-9 roles(1)Having a c

10、ommitment to a common purpose Establishing specific goalsLeadership&structureSocial loafing&accountabilityAppropriate performance evaluation&reward systemDeveloping high mutual trust(2)7感谢你的观看2019年8月71.Team rolesCreator-Innovators:initiate creative ideas.Explorer-Promoters:champion initiated ideas A

11、ssessor-Developers:analyze decision optionsThruster-Organizers:provide structureConcluder-Producers:provide direction&follow Controller-Inspectors:check for detailsUpholder-Maintainers:fight external battlesReporter-Advisers:seek full informationLinker:coordinate&integrate8感谢你的观看2019年8月72.Developing

12、 high mutual trustCharacteristic of high-performance teams where members believe in the integrity,character,&ability of each other.Dimensions:Integrity-honesty&truthfulness;Competence-Technical&interpersonal knowledge,skills;Consistency-Reliability,predictability,&good judgement in handling situatio

13、ns;Loyalty-Willingness to protect&save face for a person;Openness-share ideas freelyHow to build trust:Demonstrate youre working for others interest as well as your own;Be a team player;Practice openness;Be fair;Speak your feelings;Show consistency in the basic values that guide your D-M;Maintain co

14、nfidence;Demonstrate competence 9感谢你的观看2019年8月78.4 Create team player Design job around teamChallenge:1.Inherent resistance-individual achievers;2.Individualistic national culture;3.An individual-valued organizational history Shaping team players:Selection-job candidate with team skills,otherwise tr

15、aining,transference to other unit,reject Training-workshop to help improve skills like P-S,communication,negotiation,conflict M,coaching Reward-encourage cooperative efforts rather than competitive ones;intrinsic rewards from team 10感谢你的观看2019年8月78.5 Contemporary Issues TQM:the use of team-the essen

16、ce of process improvement,employee involvement,natural vehicleWork force diversity on team Advantages:Multiple perspective;Greater openness to new ideas;Multiple interpretations;Increased creativity,flexibility,P-S skills.Disadvantages:Ambiguity;Complexity;Confusion;Miscommunication;Difficulty in re

17、aching a agreement,agreeing on specific actionsReinvigorating Mature Teams:1.stagnant,apathy,complacency,groupthinking;2.success due to easy task 3.mental preparation,refresher training,advanced training,constant learning 11感谢你的观看2019年8月7Class 9.Communication8.1 Definition&Function The transference&

18、understanding of meaning.No group can exist without it,4 major functions:Control:job-related grievance,group tease,harass Motivation:evaluation,specific goals,feedback on Emotional expression:feelings,social needs Information:facilitate D-M 12感谢你的观看2019年8月7Class 9.Communication 9.2 The Communication

19、 Process The steps between a source&a receiver that result in the transference&understanding of meaning13感谢你的观看2019年8月71.A Communication ModelThe source:message-what is communicatedEncoding:converting a message to symbolic form.Skill,attitude,knowledge,social-culture systemChannel:the medium through

20、 which a message travels-selected by the sourceDecoding:retranslating a senders messageThe receiverFeedback loop:the final link in the process;puts the message back into the system as a check against misunderstanding 14感谢你的观看2019年8月72.Distortion&ApprehensionSource of distortion:7 componentCommunicat

21、ion Apprehension:undue tension&anxiety about oral,written communication,or both -more serious than that of people dread speaking in front of a groupOral apprehensive-expect to find suitable job.Teacher-a dominant requirement 15感谢你的观看2019年8月7Class 9.Communication 9.2 Communication fundamentals 1.Dire

22、ction of Communication Downward-flow from one level of a group or organization to a lower leverupward-flow to a higher leverlateral-taking place among members of the same group,among individuals at the same level,among any horizontally equivalent personnel.16感谢你的观看2019年8月72.Communication network cha

23、nnels by which information flowsFormal network:task-related communications that follow the authority chain -common-small group Criteria Chain Wheel All-channel speed moderate fast fast accuracy high high moderate emergence of leader moderate high none member satisfaction moderate low highInformal ne

24、twork:the communication grapeline Studies:only 10%of people act as liaison Suggestion:1.announce timetable;2.explain inconsistency;3.emphasize the downside,upside;4.openly discuss worst case.17感谢你的观看2019年8月73.Nonverbal CommunicationMessages conveyed through body movement,the intonations or emphasis

25、we give to words,facial expressions,&the physical distance between the sender&receiverKinesics:the study of body motions -gestures,facial configurations,Body language linked with spoken language convey fuller meaning Actions speak louder than words18感谢你的观看2019年8月74.Choice of channel Model of media r

26、ichnessChannel richness:the amount of information that can be transmitted during a communication episode richest-leanestCapacity-handle multiple cues simultaneously;facilitate rapid feedback;be very personalmessage type:nonroutine,ambiguous-routine,clear information medium:face-to-face talk,phone ca

27、ll,E-mail,memos-letters,flyers-bulletins-general reports19感谢你的观看2019年8月75.Barriers to effective Communication Filtering:a senders manipulation of information so that it will be seen more favorably by the receiver-tell what he wants to hear(condense&synthesize);number of levelsselective perception:pr

28、ojecting their personal characteristics into communication as they encode or decode emotions:feelings at the time of receiptlanguage:mean different things to different people 20感谢你的观看2019年8月7Class 9.Communication9.3 In practice:Effective employee communication in leading companies undergoing dramati

29、c change21感谢你的观看2019年8月7Guidance based on 10 leading companiesCEOs commitmentmanagers match actions to wordscommitment to 2-way communicationemphasis on face-to-face communicationshared responsibility for employee communicationdealing with bad newsmessage is shaped for its intended audiencetreat com

30、munication as an ongoing process22感谢你的观看2019年8月7ongoing process5 common activitiesManagers convey the rationale underlying decisionstimeliness is vitalcommunicate continuallylink the big picture with the little picturedont dictate the way people should feel about the news23感谢你的观看2019年8月78.4 Current

31、issue in Communication barriers between women&men-men use talk to emphasize independence,status whereas women creating connection,intimacy;men are often more direct than woman“politically correct”Communication-cleansing words,sensitive to others feeling;less well understood,eliminating words;trade-off cross-culture communication-barrier by semantics,connotations,tone difference,different perceptionselectronic Communication24感谢你的观看2019年8月7