情态动词的用法及练习

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1、情态动词的用法及专项练习第1类：十大情态动词can / could / may / might / must / ought to / shall / should / will / would第2类：半情态词及充当情态动词的词had better / be able to / have to / used to / need / dare第1 & 2类:词形词的含义例句can“能力”I can speak En glish.“允许”Can 丨 go to the toilet.“可能性”(0%)It cant be Susa n. She is in Paris.“请求”Can you he

2、lp me?could“过去的能力”She could speak En glish Whe n she was 5 years old.“过去的允许”Could I borrow your dicti on ary?“可能性”(30%)It could get much colder in Janu ary.“请求”，比can更客气Could you please say that aga in more slowly.“建议”We could try to fix it ourselves.“将来的一种可能性”I think we could go to war aga in.be abl

3、e能力”=can,但比can的时态She will be able to teach En glish.（般将来时）to更具多样性。can无法表达的She was able to talk whe n she was 2 years old.（般过去时）时态，用be able to表达。I would love to be able to play the pia no.（动词不定式）may“请求、允许”(比较礼貌)May I come in?“将来的可能性” (50%)It may rain tomorrow.may在更多的时态中经常用be allowed to来代替might“较小的可能性

4、”（M30%）I might move to Can ada some day.must“必须”（责任、义务）Every one must pay taxes.“可能性”（推测）（100%）She did nt arrive. She must be sick.“禁止”（否定式）You must nt play with fire. Its dan gerous.have to“必须、不得不”（客观上不得不做）I have to be back at 10 oclock.多种时态里面代替must,She had to see doctor.（般过去时）因must只有一般现在，但Youll ha

5、ve to work hard if you want to.（般将来时）have to可以有多种时态。Shes had to return to Korea at short notice.（现在完成时）不必（dont have to）You dont have to work this evening. I can do the tasks for you.n eedneed作为实义动词时,needYou n eed to appeal to a higher court.（实义动词）to = have toDo they n eed to know?（实义动词）need作为情态动词时，用

6、在He n eed nt know about it.否定句和疑问句中。Need I say more?should“应该、建议”You should go to the doctor.“合理的可能性”He should be fine.“不确定的预测”Profits should in crease n ext year.ought to应该、建议=should,但 ought to没有否定形式You ought to drive more carefully.shall“法定义务上的必须The defe ndant shall pay a fine of $200.“提议、建议Shall

7、we beg in? Shall I help you with your luggage?英国英语，一般将来时助动 词=willI shall go shopp ing tomorrow.will “自愿性的行为” “承诺” “预测”I will make dinner.I will call you at 4 pm.The summer will be very hot.would will的过去式 “请求允许” “礼貌性邀请” “预测”He said he would come.Would you mind if I brought a colleague with me?Would y

8、ou like to join me for lun ch?I would be surprised if he is not electedused to仅仅用于一般过去时 “过去常做某事” (used to do) 否定句：did nt use to do,通常 用 neve代替 did nt疑问句：Did .use to do “过曾经做过某事” 区别be used to 习惯于， be used to + doingI used to drink coffee every morning but now I drink tea.I did nt use to smoke.I n eve

9、r used to smoke.Did you use to smoke?She used to live in London but now she lives in New York.I am used to smoking.(我习惯于抽烟)，比较下面一个句子。I used to smoke.(我曾经抽烟)had better “建议”最好做(不做) 否定式 had better not “警吿”Youd better sleep more.Youd better not do that aga in.I had better study or I will fail the test。d

10、are作为普通动词，dare to (do) sth,敢做某事”,与其它实义 动词用法一致，用于否定句和 疑问句中的情况较多一些。不 定式可以省略to.I dont dare (to) think how much its going to cost.I n ever dared (to) tell her what had really happe nedDo you dare (to) tell him the n ews? 作为普通动词，“dare sb to do,打赌不敢做某事” 作为情态动词,dare后加 not,直接否定，dare提至句首 提问，与can的用法类似。I dare

11、you to climb that hill.（我谅你不敢爬那座山）She dared him to climb onto the roof.（她打赌他不敢爬屋顶）I dare say that the computer would provide an an swer to that.I darent think how much its going to cost.（直接力口 not 否定）Dare you tell him the news?（疑问句，dare 提到句首）固定用法：How dare you, she.?你敢，How dare you?（你敢？）她敢？How dare yo

12、u talk to me like that!（你竟敢那样跟我说话!）dont you dare.!你敢！Dont you dare try to stop me!（你敢阻止我？）dare I say it大意是说句不中My life has become predictable and, dare I say it, just a little听的话”dull.I dare say = I daresay,我敢我的生活变得可预测，说句不中听的话，就是有点枯燥。说(daresay只用于一般现I dare say they will be expected to go dow n to在时第一人

13、称)Buck in ghamshire.第3类1. could have p.p. 指过去某事有可能发生, 但并未真的发生。 They could have won the race, but they did nt try hard eno ugh. He could have studied harder, but he was too lazy and thats why he failed the exam. 指过去有能力做某事, 但并未真的做过。 I could have stayed up late, but I decided to go to bed early. Julie

14、could have bought the book, but she borrowed it from the library in stead. 对过去的发生事情做出一种猜测，但实际上并不知道真假。仅仅是做一种观点上的表达。 He could have got stuck in traffic. He could have forgotten that we were meeting today. He could have overslept.2. may / might have p.p.(用法与 could have p.p.第点相同) 对过去的发生事情做出一种猜测，但实际上并不知道

15、真假。仅仅是做一种观点上的表达。 He might have got stuck in traffic. He might have forgotten that we were meeting today. He might have overslept.3. couldnt have p.p.渴望、期望做某事, 但由于外部原因不可能做成, 即便是很想做。是一种虚拟语气。 I couldnt have arrived any earlier. There was a terrible traffic jam (= it was impossible for me to have arrive

16、d any earlier). He couldnt have passed the exam, even if he had studied harder. Its a really, really difficult exam.4. should / ought to have p.p.有一个好主意，该做而没有做。为此感到遗憾或惋惜。 You should / ought to have warned me earlier. I should have studied harder! (= I didnt study very hard and so I failed the exam.

17、Im sorry about this now.) I should have gone to bed early (= I didnt go to bed early and now Im tired).5. shouldnt have p.p.某事不该做、但是做了。对此进行批评。 I shouldnt have eaten so much cake! (= I did eat a lot of cake and now I dont feel good.)6. would have p.p.用于虚拟条件句 If I had had enough money, I would have bo

18、ught a car.(but I didnt have enough money, so I didnt buy a car).很渴望做某事，但由于外部原因，根本做不成。类似虚拟条件句，但不用if引导。 I would have visited_you, but I forgot your address. I would have gone to the party, but I was really busy.(= I wanted to go to the party, but I didnt because I was busy. If I hadnt been so busy, I

19、 would have gone to the party.) I would have called you, but I didnt know your number.(= I wanted to call you but I didnt know your number, so I didnt call you.) A: Nobody volunteered to help us with the fairB: I would have helped you. I didnt know you needed help.(= If I had known that you needed h

20、elp, I would have helped you.)7. must have p.p.根据事件得出一种逻辑性的结论 Peter has arrived late. He must have bee n in a traffic jam.根据Peter迟到了，在逻辑上推测Peter碰到了堵车。8. neednt have p.p.不必做某事 You neednt have bought it.情态动词练习1选择正确的词填空( 重难点)：1. I didnt feel very well yesterday. I eat anything. (couldnt)cannot / couldn

21、t / couldnt2. You look at me when I am talking to you. (should)could / should / would3. I was using my pencil a minute ago. It be here somewhere. (must)can / could / must / would4. You really be late again. (must not)must not / dont have to be5. If you dont start working harder, you repeat the cours

22、e next year. (will have to)have to / must / will have to6. His parents spoil him. Hes always to do whatever he wants. (been able)been able / been able to7. Phone her now. She home by now. (must be)has to be / must be / would be8. You forget your sun cream. Its going to be very hot! (mustnt)dont have

23、 to / mustnt / neednt9. I be able to help you, but Im not sure yet. (might)might / would10. Entrance to the museum was free. We pay to get in. (didnt need to)neednt / didnt need to11. Already as a child Mozart play the piano beautifully. (could)could / should / would12. Which sign are you more likel

24、y to see at an airport: Bags not be left unattended . (must)can / must / must13. I really try to get fit.(must)May / must / would14. take a photograph of you? (May I)Am I allowed to / May I15. Students borrow up to 6 books at any time. (are allowed to)are allowed to / could16. Whose is this bag? -I

25、dont know, but it belong to Yuta. (may)could / may / should / would17. I go to the bathroom, please? (May)May / Must / Would18. His excuse be true, but I dont believe. (may)can / may19. Its very important to speak more than one language. (be able to)can / be able to20. I dont like get up early on a

26、Sunday. (having to)being able to / being allowed to / having to21. you speak French? - Only a few words, but my Russian is pretty good. Can)Can / Could22. you help me move this table? (Both answers are possible. (Choose the more polite request.)(Could)Can / Could23. I talk already before I was two y

27、ears old. (could)could / should / would24. I .help you, but I dont want to. (could) *can / could / would25you open the window, please. (can)can / may26. I move the table. It was too heavy. (couldnt)couldnt / mustnt / shouldnt / wouldnt27. You put your feet on the cafeteria tables. (must)must not / d

28、o not have to28. If you continue to practise so hard, you beat me before too long! (will be able to)can / could / will be able to29you swim? (Both are possible. Which is better?)(Can)Are you able to / Can30. You eat so much chocolate. Its not good for you. (shouldnt)dont have to / dont have to / sho

29、uldnt31. Im afraid Iplay tennis tomorrow. Ive got a dentist appointment. (cant)cant / couldnt / would not be able to32. You can come to the meeting if you want but you (dont have to)have to / dont have to / mustnt33. What do you want to do? - Well, we have a picnic, but it looks like rain. could)*ca

30、n / could / should / would34. Im so hungry I eat a horse! (could)can / could / should / would35. The test starts at 10.30. You be late. (mustnt)dont have to / mustnt36. Why did nt you tell me? I.you! (could have helped)*could help / could have helped / was able to help / would help37. How did you do

31、 in the test? - Ok. It worse! (could have been)*could be / could have been / might be / would have been38. He broken the classroom window. He wasnt even in school today. (couldnt have)*couldnt have / mustnt / shouldnt have39. You tired. Youve only just got out of bed! (cant be)*dont have to be / can

32、t be / mustnt be40. She be very pleased with herself. She got the best grades. (must)has to / must / cannot情态动词练习2用 could have / should have / would have 填空1. I (buy) bread but I didnt know we needed it. (past possibility). could have bought)2. We (invite) so many people to our party! Im worried tha

33、t we wont have enoughroom for everyone. (past negative advice / regret) (shouldnt have invited)3. I (start) saving money years ago! (past advice / regret) should have started)4. We (join) you at the restaurant, but we couldnt get a babysitter. (past willingness)(would have joined)5. The weather (be)

34、 any worse! (past negative possibility) couldnt have been)6. I (arrive) on time, even if Id left earlier. There were dreadful traffic jams all theway. (past negative possibility) (couldnt have arrived)7. They (win) the football match, but John hurt his ankle. (past possibility) could have won)8. Lin

35、da (finish) the work, but she felt ill and had to go home. (past willingness)(would have finished)9. Lucy (leave) earlier. She missed her flight. (past advice / regret) should haveleft)10. We (finish) the game, even if wed wanted to. It was raining very hard and wehad to stop. (past negative possibi

36、lity) (couldnt have finished)11. I (eat) so much chocolate! I feel sick! (past negative advice / regret)shouldnthave eaten)12. Luke (pass) the exam if hed studied a bit more. (past possibility) could havepassed)13. John (call) Amy, but he didnt have her number. (past willingness) would havecalled)14

37、. You (be) rude to him. Hes going to be really angry now. (past negative advice/ regret) (shouldnt have been)15. She (come) to the restaurant if shed left work earlier. (past possibility) couldhave come)16. You (take) this job. I can see youre not enjoying it. (past negative advice /regret) (shouldn

38、t have taken)17. The race was really difficult. She (win) because shes not fit enough. (pastnegative possibility) (couldnt have won)18. Our neighbours (cut) down the tree in their garden. It was a really beautiful tree.(past negative advice / regret) (shouldnt have cut)19. The children (do) their ho

39、mework last night. Then they wouldnt be panickingon the way to school. (past advice / regret) (should have done)20. Im really cold! I (bring) my coat. (past advice / regret) should have brought)21. I (come) to see you! I didnt know you were ill. (past willingness)would havecome)22. Andrew (go) to Ca

40、mbridge University, but he decided to travel instead. (pastpossibility) (could have gone)23. They (be) kinder to me. They were absolutely lovely. (past negative possibility)(couldnt have been)24. You (buy) some milk at the shops. We dont have any milk. (past advice /regret) (should have bought)25. T

41、hey (come) to have breakfast with us, but they went to bed too late the nightbefore. (past willingness) (would have come) 情态动词练习3选择1. My son be home by now. Where can he be? DA. Have to B. would C. should D. could2. I think your thumb is broken. You go to the emergency room. CA. might B. could C. ou

42、ght to D. can3. If you are interested in losing weight, you try this new diet AA. could B. mustnt C. dont have to D. had to4. Johns fallen down the stairs! I call an ambulance! AA. WillB. mightC. mayD. ought to5. You come too early. We wont leave until 9 oclock. CA. has to B. must C. neednt D. cant6

43、. Children be accompanied by an adult at the zoo. BA. ought to B. must C. would D. mustnt7. You talk during tests. Its forbidden! BA. dont have to B. mustnt C. couldnt D. ought to8. I can feel the heat. We be near the fire. A. can B. would C. must D. have to9. They hear him because he was whispering

44、. DA. wouldntB. mustnt C. shouldntD. couldnt10. Youve never heard of Britney Spears? You be serious! CA. mustB. had toC. cantD. shouldnt11. you like to have dinner with me tonight? DA. couldB. mayC. shouldD. would12. You let him hear about the party tomorrow. Its a surprise! AA. mustntB. wouldntC. c

45、ouldntD. can13. I speak to the Chief Officer, please? BA. Must B. May C. Would D. Need14. He has arrived late. He missed the bus. A. must have B. should have C. could have D. must 情态动词练习4用 Will / Shall , Would/ Should or Can/Could 填空。1. She told me that she was unwell so she not go to office. (would

46、)2. The visitors not carry eatables with them in the hotel. (can)3. As he is in dire need of money, we help him immediately. should)4. . you please lend me your book for a week? (could)5. His son is not so brilliant in his studies but he pass the examination. will)6. I be thankful to you if you help

47、 me at this time of need. (shall)7. Drive fast lest you miss the flight. (should)8. you like to accompany us to the market tomorrow? (would)9. The lady has grown so old that she not walk without a stick. (can)10. Had he worked hard, he have passed the examination. (would)情态动词练习5选择填空。1. Everybody to

48、get some rest. (needs)need / needs2. Need we seats on the train? (reserve)reserve / to reserve3. Do I need any longer? (to wait)wait / to wait4. Need we to her about this? (talk)talk / to talk5. You to pay for that drink. (dont need)dont need / need not6. Do we a doctor? (need to consult)need to con

49、sult / need consult7. This is the only question you need . (answer / to answer)answer / to answer8. You will need an appointment before you can see the minister. to book)book / to book9. She is a woman who to say what she thinks. (dares)dare / dares10. She didnt dare the door. (open / to open)open / to open11. Do you dare across the river? (swim / to swim)swim / to swim12. He dare not alone in that house. live)to live / live