教学课件·高级商务英语听说(第二版)

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1、Unit 1Unit 1Globalization Trend全球化趋势全球化趋势LearningobjectivesIn this unit students will learn words and expressions related to globalization trend and WTO.Students will be able to argue either in favor of or against globalization or WTO.BackgroundreadingNotes:1.delegate 代表代表2.collapse 失败；垮下失败；垮下 (an a

2、ttempt)collapse fail suddenly or completely3.riot 暴乱；骚乱暴乱；骚乱 riot wild or violent disturbance by a crowd of people4.tear gas 催泪瓦斯催泪瓦斯5.Seattle 西雅图（美国华盛顿州的城市）西雅图（美国华盛顿州的城市）6.diplomat 外交官外交官 diplomat person in the diplomatic service,e.g.an ambassador7.jubilant 欢欣，欣喜的（尤指由于成功）欢欣，欣喜的（尤指由于成功）jubilant(abou

3、t/at/over sth)showing great happiness,esp.because of success，Diplomats were jubilant at successfully completing this session.8.inject sth.into （比喻）向某人引进，注入（新思想，活力，感（比喻）向某人引进，注入（新思想，活力，感情等）情等）inject sth(into sb/sth)introduce(new thoughts,feelings,etc)into sb/sth.Their agreement will inject optimism i

4、nto a gloomy global economy.9.unity 和谐和睦，团结一致和谐和睦，团结一致10.concession 妥协，让步妥协，让步 concession thing granted or yielded,esp.after discussion,an argument,etc.11.penalty duties 惩罚性关税惩罚性关税12.subsidy 补贴补贴 agriculture subsidy 农业补贴农业补贴13.scrutinize 仔细或彻底检查仔细或彻底检查 scrutinize look at or examine(sth)carefully or

5、thoroughly14.take into account 考虑考虑 take into account=take into consideration15.Kyoto accord 京都议定书京都议定书16.16.The Kyoto accord also called Kyoto Protocol aims to curb the air pollution blamed for global warming.The accord requires countries to cut emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gase

6、s.Kyoto Protocol was adopted in Kyoto,Japan,on 11 December 1997.17.take precedence 优先的权利；优先权优先的权利；优先权18.take precedence(over sb/sth)have the right to come before sb/sth in time,order,rank,etc.19.The needs of the community must take precedence over individual requirements.Answerstocomprehensionquesti

7、ons:1.Itaimedprimarilyatreducingtariffsongoodsandservicesaswellasopeningmarketsandsettingtraderulesforrichandpoorcountriesalike.2.TheimpliedmeaningofU.S.TradeRepresentativessayingisthatSeattlestradetalkisatotalfailure.ItfailedtoachievethebasicobjectiveofWTOreducingtradebarriers.3.Theyhopetheiragreem

8、entonstartinganewroundoftradetalkwillinjectoptimismintoagloomyglobaleconomyandsendamessageofunityanddeterminationtoaworldshakenbytheSept.11attacks.4.Besidestheagendafornewtalks,thenewroundwillfocusontheneedsofdevelopingcountriesandsomeenvironmentalissues.PartAFirstlistening:listenforthegistWhatisthe

9、mainideaofnewsitemone?ItreportedthesurveyresultconductedbythePewGlobalAttitudeSurvey.Accordingtothisworldwidepoll,moreeconomicintegrationisgoodfortheworld.Whatisthemainideaofnewsitemtwo?ChinaisoptimisticthataframeworkagreementonthenewroundofWTOnegotiationswouldcomeoutbytheendofJulyaccordingtosignals

10、fromdifferentconsultationsandmeetingsrelatedtoWTO.Secondlistening:listenforspecificinformationInthisparttheteacherhasgreatfreedomandflexibilitytoaskstudentsquestions,toclarifyanydifficultlanguagepoints,toaddinsupplementarymaterialsasbackgroundknowledgeorin-depthunderstandingofthelisteningmaterials.N

11、oticeexpressionsrelatedtoglobalizationandhowpeopleperceiveit.Globalization:economicintegration,anti-globalization,marketaccess,improvedinvestmentclimatePeoplesperception:Pros:globalizationindeedhelpsreducepovertyandinequality;significantdecreaseinthenumberoftheworldsextremepoorsince1980;viewsofgloba

12、lizationaredistinctlymorepositiveinlow-incomecountriesthaninrichones;developingcountrypeopleblamedtheirlocalgovernments,notglobalization,fortheircountrysills.Cons:globalizationhasbeenreceivedwithgreatdistrust;anti-globalizationactivistsarguethatglobaleconomicintegrationfavorsthealreadywealthywhilehu

13、rtingthepoorfromdevelopingnations;NoticehowmanydifferentkindsofmeetingsrelatedtoWTO.InternationalGeneralMeetingofthePacificBasinEconomicCouncil:太平洋盆地经济理事会年会,该组织每年5月举行一次国际大会。OECDministerialmeeting:经济与合作发展组织部长级会议WTOmini-ministerial：世界贸易组织微型部长级会议APECtradeministersmeeting：亚太经合组织贸易部长会议WTOG20ministerialme

14、eting：世界贸易组织20国集团部长会议（DDA）DohaDevelopmentAgenda：多哈贸易谈判进程Askstudentstofillintheblankswithmissinginformationinnewsitemone.Compareanswers.AskstudentstodoTrue(T)orFalse(F)questionsfornewsitemtwo.Compareanswers.Explainwhyitistrueorfalse.Thirdlistening:sentencesimitation1.Askstudentstousethefollowingactiv

15、evocabulariestoformsentencesaswhattheyhaveheardfromlistening(Dictatethenremember).2.indeed-globalizationindeedhelpsreducepovertyandinequality.3.favors-Globaleconomicintegrationfavorsthealreadywealthywhilehurtingthepoorfromdevelopingnations.4.morepositivethan-viewsofglobalizationaredistinctlymoreposi

16、tiveinlow-paredto-inSub-SaharanAfrica75%ofhouseholdsthoughtthatmultinationalcorporationshadapositiveinfluenceontheircountry,comparedtoonly54%inrichcountries.6.Ofthe-Ofthe38,000peoplein44nationssurveyed,thoseinthedevelopingworldgenerallyblamedtheirlocalgovernments,notglobalization,fortheircountrysill

17、s.7.nogroundfor-Thereis,however,nogroundforcomplacency.8.takeattitude-HehopedallWTOmemberswouldtakeaflexibleandpragmaticattitudeintalks.9.consultationson-ItseemsthetradeministershavehadseriousconsultationsontheDDA(DohaDevelopmentAgenda)issues.10.namedafter-TheDohaDevelopmentAgendareferstotheWTOtalks

18、namedaftertheQataricapitalofDoha.11.makecompromisesandconcessions-Sowehavetobeflexibleandpragmatic,andgivenecessaryconsiderationtotheconcernsofotherparties,includingmakingcompromisesandconcessionswhenthesituationsowarrants.PartBFirstlistening:listenforthegistWhatisthemainideaofthisinterviewonglobali

19、zation?TheIMFofficialexplainedwhatglobalizationembodiesandthereasonswhysomanypeopleareworriedandevenprotestagainstglobalizationprocess.Healsoillustratesinwhatwayspoorcountrieshavenotfullybenefitedfromglobalization.Finallyheofferssomeadvicesonhowdevelopingcountriescanquicklycatchupintheprocessofgloba

20、lization.Secondlistening:listenforspecificinformationIn this part the teacher has great freedom and flexibility to ask students questions,to clarify any difficult language points,to add in supplementary materials as background knowledge or in-depth understanding of the listening materials.Askstudent

21、stowriteoutkeywordsinordertoanswereachofthefollowinginterviewquestions.1.Whatis“globalization”afterall?Howdopeoplefeelaboutit?-historicalprocess;theresultofhumaninnovationandtechnologicalprogress;increasingintegration;movementofpeople(labor)andknowledge(technology);-beneficial;inevitableandirreversi

22、ble;hostility;fear;increasesinequality;threatensemploymentandlivingstandards;preventssocialprogress.2.Whyarepeoplesoworriedaboutglobalization?-ontheonehand,globalmarkets;greateropportunity;tapintomoreandlargermarkets;haveaccesstomorecapitalflows,technology,cheaperimports,andlargerexportmarkets;onthe

23、otherhand;markets;ensure;benefitsofincreasedefficiency;sharedby.3.Inwhatwaypoorcountrieshavenotfullybenefitedfromglobalization?-unparalleledeconomicgrowth,globalpercapitaGDP;increasefive-fold;evenlydispersed;gapshavegrown;incomeinequality;trade;capitalmovements;movementofpeople;spreadofknowledge.4.H

24、owcandevelopingcountriescatchupmorequicklyintheprocessofglobalization?Whatcantheydo?-createconditions;conduciveto;long-run;percapitaincomegrowth;macroeconomicstability;outwardorientedpolicies;structuralreform;stronginstitutionsandaneffectivegovernment;education,training,andresearchanddevelopment;ext

25、ernaldebtmanagement.Askstudentstofillintheblanksinthetableinordertomakeasummaryoftheinterview.Compareanswers.Askstudentstoanswerthefollowingquestions.Compareanswers.Thirdlistening:sentenceimitationAskstudentstousethefollowingactivevocabulariestoformsentencesaswhattheyhaveheardfromlistening(Dictateth

26、enremember).viewitas-Someviewitasaprocessthatisbeneficialakeytofutureworldeconomicdevelopment.regardit-Othersregarditwithhostility,evenfear.referto-Itreferstotheincreasingintegrationofeconomiesaroundtheworld,particularlythroughtradeandfinancialflows.tapinto-Globalmarketsoffergreateropportunityforpeo

27、pletotapintomoreandlargermarketsaroundtheworld.5.besharedby-Marketsdonotnecessarilyensurethatthebenefitsofincreasedefficiencyaresharedbyallcountries.6.neithernor-theycanneitherenjoythemarketefficiencynorbenefitfromthemarketopportunities.7.unparalleled-The20thcenturysawunparalleledeconomicgrowth.8.ac

28、companiedby-Aperiodofrapidtradeexpansionaccompaniedbytrade,andsomewhatlater,financialliberalization.9.seeincrease-TherichestquarteroftheworldspopulationsawitspercapitaGDPincreasenearlysix-fold.10.experienceincrease-Thepoorestquarterexperiencedlessthanathree-foldincrease.11.asawhole-Developingcountri

29、esasawholehaveincreasedtheirshareofworldtrade,whileAfricaasawholehasfaredpoorly.12.associatewith-Manypeopleassociateglobalizationwithsharplyincreasedprivatecapitalflowstodevelopingcountries.13.theproportionof-Theproportionoflaborforcesroundtheworldthatwasforeignbornincreasedbyaboutone-half.14.margin

30、alize-Thismakesthemevenmoremarginalized.15.notonlybutalso-Fordirectforeigninvestmentbringsnotonlyanexpansionofthephysicalcapitalstock,butalsotechnicalinnovation.16.hinder-Manyfactorscanhelporhinderglobalizationprocess.17.whatmatters-Whatmattersisthewholepackageofpolicies,financialandtechnicalassista

31、nce,anddebtreliefifnecessary.PartCFirstlistening:listenforthegistWhatisthemainideaofthisnewscoverage?LeadersoftheworldslargestrichanddevelopingcountriesmetonThursdayinLondon.TheG20agreedtoanadditionaltrilliondollarsfortheIMFandotherlenderstostrengthentheworldeconomyandtrade.DevelopingeconomieslikeCh

32、ina,IndiaandBrazilwantgreaterinfluenceoverinternationalfinancialpolicyandgroupsliketheIMF.ThegovernoroftheChinesecentralbankalsocalledforanewcurrencydisconnectedfromindividualnationssuchasSDRS.AUNgroupofexpertsalsourgedanewglobalreservesystem.Secondlistening:listenforspecificinformation1.Inthispartt

33、heteacherhasgreatfreedomandflexibilitytoaskstudentsquestions,toclarifyanydifficultlanguagepoints,toaddinsupplementarymaterialsasbackgroundknowledgeorin-depthunderstandingofthelisteningmaterials.Noticehowtheseexpressionsarerelatedtotheworldeconomy.HedgefundsAhedgefundisaprivateinvestmentfundthatparti

34、cipatesinarangeofassetsandavarietyofinvestmentstrategiesintendedtoprotectthefundsinvestorsfromdownturnsinthemarketwhilemaximizingreturnsonmarketupswings.Legally,hedgefundsaremostoftensetupasprivateinvestmentpartnershipsthatareopentoalimitednumberofinvestorsandrequireaverylargeinitialminimuminvestmen

35、t.Investmentsinhedgefundsareilliquidastheyoftenrequireinvestorskeeptheirmoneyinthefundforatleastoneyear.ExecutivepayExecutivepayisfinancialcompensationreceivedbyanofficerofafirm,oftenasamixtureofsalary,bonuses,sharesofand/orcalloptionsonthecompanystock,etc.Overthepastthreedecades,executivepayhasrise

36、ndramaticallybeyondtherisinglevelsofanaverageworkerswage.Executivepayisanimportantpartofcorporategovernance,andisoftendeterminedbyacompanysboardofdirectors.TaxsheltersTaxsheltersareanymethodofreducingtaxableincomeresultinginareductionofthepaymentstotaxcollectingentities,includingstateandfederalgover

37、nments.Themethodologycanvarydependingonlocalandinternationaltaxlaws.Askstudentstofillintheblankswiththecorrectwords.Checkanswers.Askstudentstoanswerthequestionsinexercisetwo.Checkanswers.Thirdlistening:sentenceimitation1.Askstudentstousethefollowingactivevocabulariestoformsentencesaswhattheyhavehear

38、dfromlistening(Dictatethenremember).economicrecoveryPresidentObamasaystheG20summitwillbea“turningpoint”inseekingglobaleconomicrecovery.keepclosewatchoverTheleaderspromisedtokeepcloserwatchoverbanks,hedgefunds,creditratingagenciesandexecutivepay.supervisorygroupAndtheyagreetoformasupervisorygrouptowa

39、rnofproblemsintheworldfinancialsystem.representMembersrepresentaboutninetypercentofworldeconomicactivityandeightypercentoftrade.disconnectfromZhouXiaochuancalledforanewcurrencydisconnectedfromindividualnationssuchasusingwhatarecalledSpecialDrawingRightsreservesystemLasweekaUnitedNationsgroupofexpert

40、salsourgedanewglobalreservesystemanexpandedversionofSpecialDrawingRights.Hot Issues Hot Issues in International Trade in International Trade 国际贸易的热点问题国际贸易的热点问题国际贸易的热点问题国际贸易的热点问题Unit 2LearningobjectivesIn this unit students will learn words and expressions related to international trade.Students will

41、 be able to talk about the hot issues related to international trade such as trade relations,trade deficit,trade barriers,and trade disputes etc.BackgroundreadingNotes:1.outsourcing:workdoneforacompanybypeopleotherthanthecompanysfull-timeemployees外包2.prevalence:theconditionofbeingprevalent,beingwide

42、spread普遍；盛行；流行。Hewassurprisedbytheprevalenceofoptimismaboutthefuture.3.Mercantilism:economicsystemofthemajortradingnationsduringthe16th,17th,and18thcentury,basedonthepremisethatnationalwealthandpowerwerebestservedbyincreasingexportsandcollectingpreciousmetalsinreturn.重商主义4.paramount:greaterthanallot

43、hersinimportanceorinfluence最高的；至上的；首要的。Theinterestsoftheconsumershouldbeparamount.5.GATT:GeneralAgreementonTariffsandTradeprovidedtheframeworkformostimportantinternationaltariffnegotiationsfrom1947until1994关贸总协定6.WorldTradeOrganization:establishedin1995,theinternationalorganizationwhichresultedfromt

44、heUruguayRoundofGATTnegotiations.Itisintendedtopromoteworldtradebetweenmembernations,administerglobaltradeagreementsandresolvedisputeswhentheyarise.世界贸易组织，其前身为关贸总协定7.autarchy：economicindependenceorself-sufficiency;acountrythatpracticesthissystem自给自足；实行自给自足政策的国家8.proponent:apersonwhosupportsorarguesi

45、nfavorofsomething;advocate支持者；辩护者；鼓吹者9.lobby:agroupofpeoplewhounitefororagainstaplannedactioninanattempttopersuadethoseinpowertochangetheirminds.游说团体10.theGreatDepression:Worldwideeconomiccollapsefollowingthestockmarketcrashin1929,inwhichunemploymentremainedhighforanextendedperiodandmanybusinessesfa

46、iled.大萧条11.MERCOSUR:(MercadoComndelSur)theCommonMarketoftheSouth;amultilateralagreementontrade,includingagriculturaltrade,betweenArgentina,Brazil,ParaguayandUruguay.Theagreementwassignedin1991andcameintoeffecton1January1995.Itsmaingoalistocreateacustomsunionbetweenthefourcountriesby2006.南方共同市场12.NAF

47、TA:NorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreement.A1994agreementreachedbytheUnitedStates,Canada,andMexicothatinstitutedascheduleforthephasingoutoftariffsandeliminatedavarietyoffeesandotherhindrancestoencouragefreetradebetweenthethreeNorthAmericancountries.北美自由贸易协定13.FreeTradeAreaoftheAmericas(FTAA):TheFreeTradeAre

48、aoftheAmericas(FTAA)istheexpansionoftheNorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreement(NAFTA),aimingtoeliminatetheremainingbarrierstothefreeflowofmoney,goodsandservicesacrossbordersintheWesternhemisphere(excludingCuba),tocreateonehugeintegratedopenmarket.美洲自由贸易区Answertothecomprehensionquestions:1.Whatisinternationa

49、ltrade?-Internationaltradeistheexchangeofgoodsandservicesacrossinternationalborders.2.Howwasinternationaltradetraditionallyregulatedandhowisitnowregulated?-Traditionallyinternationaltradewasregulatedthroughbilateraltreatiesbetweentwonations.TheregulationofinternationaltradeisdonethroughtheWorldTrade

50、Organizationatthegloballevel,andthroughseveralotherregionalarrangementssuchasMERCOSURinSouthAmerica,NAFTAbetweentheUnitedStates,CanadaandMexico,andtheEuropeanUnionbetweentwenty-fiveindependentstates.3.Whatisagriculturalinterestsattitudetowardfreetrade?-Traditionallyagriculturalinterestsareusuallyinf

51、lavoroffreetrade.Thishaschangedsomewhatinrecentyears,however.Infact,agriculturallobbies,particularlyintheUnitedStates,EuropeandJapan,arechieflyresponsibleforparticularrulesinthemajorinternationaltradetreatieswhichallowformoreprotectionistmeasuresinagriculturethanformostothergoodsandservices.4.Whenis

52、thereoftenstrongdomesticpressuretoincreasetariffs?-Duringrecessionsthereisoftenstrongdomesticpressuretoincreasetariffstoprotectdomesticindustries.PartAFirstlistening:listenforthegist1.Whatisthemainideaofnewsitemone?Chinahasbeensubjecttoincreasingforeignanti-dumping,anti-subsidy,protectionmeasuresand

53、specialsafeguardinvestigationssinceitsentryintotheWorldTradeOrganization.Theamountofmoneyinvolvedinsuchcaseshavebeenontherise.Chinahassufferedthemostinanti-dumpinginvestigationintheworldfornineconsecutiveyears.2.What is the main idea of news item two?AsecondroundofnegotiationsbetweenChinaandtheUnite

54、dStatesaimedatresolvingadisputeovertextiletradebrokedownThursdaydespitetheirbestefforts.Thedateandlocationofthenextroundwillbeconsultedoverthenextfewdays.Secondlistening:listenforspecificinformationIn this part the teacher has great freedom and flexibility to ask students questions,to clarify any di

55、fficult language points,to add in supplementary materials as background knowledge or in-depth understanding of the listening materials.Notice how these expressions are related to international trade disputes.freetrade,dumping,subsidy,tradeimbalance,tradedeficit,fairtrade,protectionmeasures,specialsa

56、feguard,tradebarrier,importtariff,importquota,anti-dumpinginvestigations,anti-subsidymeasures,anti-dumpingduties,countervailingduty,traderetaliation,tradesanctions,compensation,WTO,roundsofnegotiations,consultations,tradedisputesettlementAskstudentstodoTrue(T)orFalse(F)questionsfornewsitemone.Compar

57、eanswers.Explainwhyitistrueorfalse.Askstudentstofillintheblankswiththecorrectwords.Compareanswers.Thirdlistening:sentencesimitationAsk students to use the following active vocabularies to form sentences as what they have heard from listening(Dictate then remember).1.tobesubjectto-Chinahasbeensubject

58、toincreasingforeignanti-dumping,anti-subsidy,protectionmeasuresandspecialsafeguardinvestigationssinceitsentryintotheWorldTradeOrganization.2.consecutive-Chinahassufferedthemostinanti-dumpinginvestigationintheworldfornineconsecutiveyears.3.tolaunch-Startingfrom1979totheendofSeptember2004,34countriesa

59、ndregionslaunchedaltogether665disputesofanti-dumping,anti-subsidyprotectionmeasuresandspecialsafeguardinvestigationsagainstChineseproducts4.tosufferaloss-BecauseofthisChinasufferedatremendouseconomiclossvaluedatUS$19.1billionintermsofforeigntrade.5.toresolveadispute-Asecondroundofnegotiationsbetween

60、ChinaandtheUnitedStatesaimedatresolvingadisputeovertextiletradebrokedownThursday.6.toconsultwith-WewillbeconsultingwiththeChineseoverthenextfewdaysonthedateandlocationofthenextround.7.tosurge-U.S.manufacturerssayChineseclothingimports,whichhavesurgedafteraworldwidequotasystemexpiredonJan.1,arecostin

61、gthemprofitsandjobs.8.tobesensitive-ThedisputeisespeciallysensitiveamidrisingAmericanfrustrationatthecountryssoaringtradedeficitwithChina,whichreachedarecord$162billionlastyear.PartBFirstlistening:listenforthegistWhatisthemainideaofthislistening?Inthisinterview,GovernorofthePeoplesBankofChinaZhouXia

62、ochuantalkedabouttheexchangerateoftheChinesecurrencyRenminbi(RMB)andChinastradebalance.HepointsoutthatChinacurrentlypursuesaunified,managedfloatingexchangerateregimebasedonmarketsupplyanddemandofforeignexchange.TheChinesegovernmentdoesnotpursuetradesurplus,butratheraimsataroughoverallbalanceinthecur

63、rentaccount.WhenaskedwhetheritispossibletoaddressSino-UStradeimbalancebymeansofexchangerate,Zhouansweredthatacountrysexchangeratedependsonthecountrysoveralltradebalanceratherthanonbilateraltradebalance.Bilateraltradebalancemaybeaffectedbystructural,policyandotherfactors.TheUStradedeficitmaybeattribu

64、tabletostructuralimbalancesandfiscaldeficitsintheUnitedStatesratherthantheRMBexchangerate.Secondlistening:listenforspecificinformationInthisparttheteacherhasgreatfreedomandflexibilitytoaskstudentsquestions,toclarifyanydifficultlanguagepoints,toaddinsupplementarymaterialsasbackgroundknowledgeorin-dep

65、thunderstandingofthelisteningmaterials.Noticehowtheseexpressionsarerelatedtoforeignexchangerateandtradebalance.fixedexchangerate,floatingexchangerate,managedfloatingexchangerateregime,currencyappreciation,devaluation,thefloatingband,foreignexchangecontrol,currentaccountbalance,tradesurplus,tradedefi

66、cit,foreignreservesgrowth,capitalinflow,balanceofpayments,bilateraltradebalance,multilateral-tradebalance,structuralimbalancesandfiscaldeficitsAsk students to fill in the table with correct information to make a summary of the interview.Compare answers.Ask students to answer the following questions.Compare answers.Thirdlistening:sentenceimitation1.Askstudentstousethefollowingactivevocabulariestoformsentencesaswhattheyhaveheardfromlistening(Dictatethenremember).2.tocomeintoexistence-Chinascurrent