高考英语一轮随堂限时备考练习2 阅读理解5 新人教版

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1、阅读理解突破(五)把握作者态度及写作意图题1常见把握作者态度及写作意图题的设题方式(1)How does the author feel about his childhood?(2)Why does the author write this passage?(3)What is the purpose of the text?(4)The writers attitude toward.is_.(5)The author implied (suggested) that_.(6)With which of the following does the author agree?(7)How

2、 does the author seem to feel about.?2解题策略作者态度及写作意图推断类试题主要考查考生根据文章内容推测作者的写作意图和情感倾向的能力。考生要想推断作者的写作意图,就应当关注主题句,全面理解文章的内容及中心思想,同时注意把握文章的体裁。作者的情感倾向往往隐含在文章的字里行间,或流露于修饰性的词语之中,因此,考生在推断过程中,应特别注意文中作者的措辞和描写环境气氛的语言以及表达作者情感、态度或观点的词语。做题时,考生可以结合相关背景知识进行推理。1Cyberspace,data superhighway,multimedia,for those who hav

3、e seen the future,and the linking of computers,televisions and telephones will change our lives for ever.Yet for all the talks of a forthcoming technological utopia,little attention has been given to the implications of these developments for the poor.As for all the new high technology,the West conc

4、erns itself with the “how”,while the question of “for whom” is put aside once again.Economists are only now realizing the full extent to which the communication revolution has affected the world economy.Information technology allows the extension of trade across geographical and industrial boundarie

5、s,and transnational corporations take full advantage of it.Terms of trade and exchange,interest rates and money movements are more important than the production of goods.The electronic economy made by information technology allows the haves to increase their control on global marketswith a destructi

6、ve impact on the havenots.For them the result is unstable.Developing countries which rely on the production of a small range of goods for export are made to feel like small parts in the international economic machine.As “futures” are traded on computer screens,developing countries simply have less a

7、nd less control of their destinies.So what are the options of regaining control？One alternative for developing countries is to buy in the latest computers and telecommunications.Yet this leads to longterm dependency and perhaps permanent constraints on developing countries economies.Communication te

8、chnology is generally exported from the US,Europe or Japan；the patents,skills and ability remain in the hands of a few industrialized countries.It is also expensive,therefore imported products and services must be bought on credit usually provided by the very countries whose companies stand to gain.

9、1 From the passage we know that the development of high technology is in the interests of_.Athe rich countries Bscientific developmentCthe local elitesDthe world economy答案A解析考查推理判断。文章第一段最后一句指出,西方国家关心的是自己“如何”利用这些新技术,而这些新技术“为谁”的问题再一次被抛到了一边；第二段最后一句则说,电子经济让拥有这项技术的国家加强了对全球市场的控制,而对没有这一技术的国家产生了破坏性的影响。因此可以推

10、断出这些技术代表的是西方发达国家的利益。2It can be inferred from the passage that_.Ainternational trade should be expandedBthe interests of the poor countries have not been given enough considerationCthe exports of the poor countries should be increasedDcommunication technology in developing countries should be moderni

11、zed答案B解析考查推理判断。文章第一段第二句指出“.little attention has been given to.the poor”,即很少有人注意这些发展对穷人的意义。而由后文的论述可以看出这里的“穷人”指的就是发展中国家,因此这句话的意思实际上就是这些发展并没有顾及发展中国家的利益。3Why does the author say that the electronic economy may have a destructive impact on developing countries?ABecause it enables the developed countries

12、to control the international market.BBecause it destroys the economic balance of the poor countries.CBecause it violates the national boundaries of the poor countries.DBecause it inhibits the industrial growth of developing countries.答案A解析考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句“.allows the haves to increase their control

13、on global markets.”以及后文的论述可以看出,这里的“the haves”指的就是西方发达国家,因此答案为A项。4The development of modern communication technology in developing countries may_.Ahinder their industrial productionBcause them to lose control of their tradeCforce them to reduce their share of exportsDcost them their economic independ

14、ence答案D解析考查细节理解。文章第四段最后一句说“Yet this leads to longterm dependency.economies (然而这会导致长期的依赖,也许会对发展中国家的经济产生永久性的制约)”,也就是说会使发展中国家失去经济独立。5The authors attitude towards the communication revolution is_.Apositive BcriticalCindifferent Dtolerant答案B解析考查作者态度。本题较为简单,通过文中措辞,如第一段“little attention has.for the poor”；第

15、二段“Economists are only now realizing.”；第三段“For them the result is unstable.”等不难看出作者对这种代表着发达国家利益、不顾及发展中国家利益的通讯革命是持批评态度的,故选B；误选C项和D项是由于不理解词义所造成的。2(2009北京,B)Dear Friend,The recent success of childrens books has made the general public aware that theres a huge market out there.And theres a growing need

16、for new writers trained to create the $3 billion worth of childrens books bought each year. plus stories and articles needed by over 650 publishers of magazines for children and teenagers.Who are these needed writers？Theyre ordinary folks like you and me.But am I good enough?I was once where you mig

17、ht be now.My thoughts of writing had been pushed down by selfdoubt,and I didnt know where to turn for help.Then,I accepted a free offer from the Institute to test my writing aptitude(潜能),and it turned out to be the inspiration I needed.The promise that paid offThe Institute made the same promise to

18、me that they would make to you,if you show basic writing ability：You will complete at least one manuscript(手稿) suitable to hand in to a publisher by the time you finish our course.I really didnt expect any publication before I finished the course,but that happened.I sold three stories.And I soon dis

19、covered that was not unusual at the Institute.Since graduation,I have authored 34 nationally published childrens books and over 300 stories and articles.Free test and brochureWe offer a free aptitude test and will send you a copy of our brochure describing our recognized homestudy courses on the bas

20、is of oneonone training.Realize your writing dream today.Theres nothing sadder than a dream delayed until it fades forever.Sincerely,KristiKristi Holl,InstructorInstitute of Childrens Literature1From the first three paragraphs,we learn that _.Achildrens books are usually bestsellersBpublishers are m

21、aking $3 billion each yearCmagazines for teenagers have drawn public attentionDthere is a growing need for writers of childrens books答案D解析推理判断题。前三段主要讲述了少儿图书的畅销和儿童文学院急需儿童作家。2When finishing the course,you are promised to _.Abe a successful publisherBbecome a confident editorCfinish one work for public

22、ationDget one story or article published答案C解析细节理解题。由倒数第四段“You will complete at least one manuscript suitable to hand in to a publisher by the time you finish our course.”可知C项正确。3Kristi Holl mentions her experience mainly to _.Aprove she is a good instructorBpromote the writing programCgive her advic

23、e on course preparationDshow she sold more stories than articles答案B解析推理判断题。Kristi Holl以她自己的经历鼓励别人踊跃尝试,来解决急需投稿者的问题。3Coal mine accidents are frequently headline makers in China,offering a plentiful supply of long lists of the dead.Before this,five major coal mine accidents since January have already c

24、laimed lives of 287 coal miners.Once an accident happens,the safety measures are scrutinized,officials and owners responsible are punished or warned or fined.But the accidents keep happening time and again.The background of these endless disasters is a country thirsty for energy to satisfy the appet

25、ite of its economic engine.With the rich reserve (储藏量) of coal and relatively limited petroleum (石油) reserve,the former makes up 67.12 percent of energy consumption.By contrast,petroleum and natural gas take about 60 percent of the energy consumption in other countries.Such a situation is unlikely t

26、o change within a foreseeable future because the country still counts heavily on coal for more and more energy.If no measures with great effects are taken to improve the safety in the mines,the accidents will remain a longterm headache for China.Digging coal underground is,by its nature,a dangerous

27、job.No equipment can guarantee 100 percent safety for the miners working underground because numerous uncertainties exist.Most of Chinas coal mines are far from being mechanized.The average output of coal for each Chinese coal miner every day is 1 ton,while the number in the US coal mines,where the

28、production is highly mechanized,is 40 tons.Mechanized production in coal mines can cut down the number of miners who have to work on the dangerous coal face.It can also enhance the capability of the mines to detect potential danger.In this way the casualty of mine accidents will be decreased.Admitte

29、dly,the mechanized production demands financial support.But what is the price of a life,or a dozen,a scorea hundred？Compare these awful figures with the misery they bring,heavy investment is worthy.1The writers attitude towards dealing with coal mine accidents is_.Acritical BsarcasticCoptimistic Dpe

30、ssimistic答案A解析作者态度题。第二段中提到,事故发生后,官员和矿主只是被惩罚、警告或罚款,而事故依然不断发生,由此可见作者对处理煤矿事故的做法持“批评”态度。后三项分别表示“讽刺的,乐观的,悲观的”。2The underlined word “scrutinized” most probably means_.Amade BexaminedCcriticized Ddiscussed答案B解析词义猜测题。事故发生后,自然要对安全措施进行“检查”。3According to the writer,the best way to stop coal mine accidents is t

31、o_.Aperfect safety measuresBuse more natural gasCcut down the number of minersDimprove mechanized production答案D解析作者意图题。文章的第五段提到美国的机械化采煤效率是中国的40倍,再结合倒数第三段中的内容可知作者认为最好的方法是改善机械生产。4The writer implies in the article that_.Aby improving mechanized production,we can stop coal mine accidentsBits improper to depend too much on coal for energy consumptionCofficials and coal mine owners didnt take safety measures seriouslyDlosing lives costs much more than improving mechanized production答案D解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的内容可知作者认为人的生命的价值远远高于用于改善机械生产的费用。