小升初英语语法总结及练习

《小升初英语语法总结及练习》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《小升初英语语法总结及练习（53页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、小升初英语语法总结及练习小升初语法名词2名词练习题3能力测试卷 （名词）4小升初语法代词5代词练习题7能力测试卷 （代词）8小升初语法数词和冠词9冠词和数词专项练习11能力测试卷（冠词和数词）12小升初语法形容词和副词13形容词副词专项练习（形容词和副词）14小升初语法介词16介词专项练习（介词）18小升初语法动词20动词练习题21能力测试题（动词）22小升初语法一般将来时23一般将来时练习题24能力测试题（一般将来时）25小升初语法一般过去时26一般过去时练习题27能力测试（一般过去时）28小升初语法一般现在时态29一、一般现在时的定义29二、一般现在时的结构29一般现在时态专项练习31能力

2、测试卷 （一般现在时）32小升初语法现在进行时态33能力测试卷（现在进行时态）37小升初语法句型之肯定句和否定句38疑问句专项练习41小升初语法句型之祈使句42小升初语法句型there be与havehas 句型44句型专项练习题45小学阶段不规则动词全表51动词四种形式变化规则汇总表52小升初语法名词一、 名词复数规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3.以“辅音字母+y

3、”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es， 如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 以“元音字母+y”结尾，直接加s，如：boy - boys ，day - days4. 以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives5. 以o结尾的单词：a, 有生命的+es b, 无生命+s 如：potato-potatoes ； hero-heroes；mango-mangoes photo-photos ; radio - radios ; video - videos6. 不规则名词复数：man-menwoman-womenpolic

4、eman-policemenmouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feettooth-teethfish-fish people-peopleChinese-ChineseJapanese-Japanesedeer - deersheep-sheeppolicewoman-policewomen 二、名词所有格的构成法 1. 主要是在词尾加 s 构成。如: This is Toms desk . 这是汤姆的书桌。 That is Mikes book. 那是迈克的书。 2. 如果原名词已经有复数词尾s ,则仅加一个 . 如:the teachers reading room

5、 教师阅览室the pupils pencil-boxes 学生们的文具盒3. 如果原词是复数形式，但不是以s 结尾， 变为所有格形式需在后面加上 s 。如： the childrens palace 少年宫 mens room 男厕所*名词所有格口诀：名词所有格，s前面加一撇，复数s放在尾，后加一撇就完结，两人共有算一个，后面只加一个撇。名词练习题一、 写出下列名词的复数形式puter _ 2.apple _ 3.city _4.house _ 5.sheep _ 6.watch _7.tomato _ 8.child _ 9.tooth _10.foot _ 11.wife _ 12.po

6、tato _13.play _ 14.day _ 15.glass _16.radio _ 17.zoo _ 18. life _19. story _ 20.leaf _ 21. baby _22.dress _ 23.butterfly _ 24. deer _25.class _ 26.brush _ 27.key _28. English _29.mouse _ 30. man _二、汉译英1Tom的足球 _ 2. 老师们的自行车_3学生们的课桌 _ 4.哥哥的文具盒_5姑姑的卡片 _ 6.猴子们的香蕉_7蚂蚁们的早餐 _ 8.妈妈的包_9姐姐的连衣裙_ 10女孩们的苹果_三、把下列句

7、子翻译成英文1这些是Peter的篮球吗？ _2这个是老师的钢笔吗？ _3有一些书在Sam的课桌上。_4有一些孩子们在教室里。_四、改错 （圈出错处,在横线上改正过来）1.There are some butterflys on the table. _2.This is Alice dress. _3.I like tomato very much. _五、将下列句子变成复数形式。1This dog is brown._2. There is a book and a pen on the table._3.That woman is a teacher._能力测试卷 （名词）一、 将下列名词

8、变成复数形式。1. plane tree lesson month apple shirt 2. box bus brush watch class fox 3. knife life leaf Wife thief 4. day boy monkey baby country story 5. photo radio piano tomato hero 6. child tooth man Sheep English Chinese 二、判断正误，并改正错句，正确的打“ ”1The house is my brother. _2. He has visited many country. _

9、3. They are Englishs. _4. This is Tom red bike. _三、选择填空1There are two _ in the room. A. Chineses B. Englishman2.The old man will have _ out. A. two tooths B. two teeth3. _ are sold in this bookstore. A. Childrens books B. Children books4. Some friends of _ will come here. A. Johns B. John 5. Can you

10、 give me _?A. some papers B. a piece of paper6.There are _ on the floor.A. some box B. some boxes四、将下列句子变成复数形式。1This sheep is white _2. There is a desk and a chair in the room._3.That man is a doctor. _小升初语法代词一、人称代词人称代词即表示“你、我、他、你们、我们、他们”等的词， 它的人称、数和格的变化见下表： 数人称主格宾格单数第一人称Ime第二人称youyou第三人称hesheithimh

11、erit复数第一人称Weus第二人称youyou第三人称theythem主格与宾格：人称代词有主格和宾格两种形式。主格主要用来做句子的主语；宾格主要用作宾语。人称代词主格用在句首作主语。She is sitting in a bus.她正坐在公共汽车上。人称代词宾格在动词后作宾语。I saw her yesterday.我昨天看到她了。二、物主代词物主代词是表示所有关系的代词，分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 人称类别 第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数形容词性myouryouryourhis,her,itstheir名词性mineouryoursyourshis,hers

12、,itstheirs名词性物主代词 = 形容词性物主代词 + 名词 例，Whose coat is this? 这是谁的上衣?Its hers. 是她的。 hers= her coat*关于物主代词的口诀：物主代词很重要，译成汉语都有“.的”，后面必须加上物，否则就要犯错误，my your his her its our their 不放过。形容词性是基础，除了我的“mine”外，其他词尾“s”性形物代能力差，出门常把名词加；名物代能力强，常来独去又独往。三、反身代词反身代词也叫“自身代词”，表示“*自己”。数 人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself, he

13、rself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselvesI can do it by myself. 我自己能做这件事。*反身代词的构成规律记忆口诀：反身代词有规律，第三人称宾格加，其余开头用物主，复数-ves替-f四、指示代词This (这个)- these (这些) 指近处的事物That (那个)- these (那些) 指远处的事物例，This is a book. 这是本书。 These are some books. 这些是书。 That is a car. 那是辆小汽车。 Those are some cars. 那些是小汽车。代词练习题一、 根据题意，用所给词的适

14、当形式填空。1. Mary is a friend of _. ( I )2. This is _ ( she ) ruler. _ ( I ) is in the bag. 3. Her brother is too young to look after _ ( he )4. This is _ ( I ) book. This book is _ ( I ).5. These pens are _ ( we ).二、填写下列表格。人称代词我我们你，你们他她它他们主 格宾 格形容词物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词三、改写下列句子Eg, This is my book. - The book

15、is mine.1. That is her ruler. _2. These are their footballs. _3. This is my backpack . _4. Those are your boxes. _四、把下列句子改写成复数。1. This is a butterfly. _2. That is a bus. _3. It is a mouse. _五、改错。1.This is mine lamp. _2.These are ours books. _3. That are their teacher. _4.The house is my brother. _5.

16、 He has visited many country. _6. They are Chineses. _7. This is Tom red bike. _能力测试卷 （代词）一、 帮下面的好朋友团圆 （连线） I 她its 我们her 他（她，它）们we 我they 你的their 他（她，它）们your 她的she 它的二、填空1Shes a teacher . This is _ bag.2. Hes a driver. This is _ taxi.3. I am a boy . _ name is Peter.4. -Whats _ name? - My name is Tony

17、.5. Its my puppy. _ name is Mimi.三、选择( ) 1.Your book is not so old as _. A. him B. he C. his D. she( ) 2. _ book is it ? Its _. A. Whoseher B. Whose hers C. Whohers D. Whom her( ) 3. He is a friend of _.A. our B. us C. my D. mine四、改错1. I, you and he are all teachers. _2. This is mine teddy bear. _3.

18、 These are ours bags._4. These is their teachers.小升初语法数词和冠词一、数词表示数目和顺序的词叫数词。数词又分基数词和序数词，基数词表示数量，序数词表示顺序。1 最基本的基数词如下表所示：1101119201001 one11 eleven20 twenty2 two12 twelve30 thirty3 three13 thirteen40 forty4 four14 fourteen50 fifty5 five15 fifteen60 sixty6 six16 sixteen70 seventy7 seven17 seventeen80 e

19、ighty8 eight18 eighteen90 ninety9 nine19 nineteen100 one hundred10 ten *基数词的写法 ：2199的两位数，十位与个位之间用连字符“-”。例：21 twenty - one 32 thirty - two 99 ninety nine百位数：个位数基数词形式加“hundred”，表示几百，在几十几与百位间加上and。例：101 a hundred and one. 320 three hundred and twenty 648 six hundred and forty-eight2序数词的构成1）一般来说，是由相应的基数

20、词加词尾th构成。例， four+ th- fourth six + th - sixth seven + th - seventh ten + th - tenth2）下面这些基数词在变为序数词时，有特殊的变化。例， one - first two - second three - third five- fifth eight - eighth nine - ninth twelve - twelfth3）十位整数序数词的构成方法是将基数词的词y 变成i，然后在加eth.例， twenty - twentieth thirty - thirtieth forty - fortieth ni

21、nety - ninetieth1） 两位或两位以上的基数词变为序数词时，仅将个位数变成序数词。例，twenty one - twenty- first thirty-five -thirty-fiftha hundred and fifty-three - a hundred and fifty- third *基数词变序数词的口诀：基变序，有规律；词尾加上th（fourth, sixth）一、二、三，单独记；结尾字母t, d, d；（first，second，third）八去t,九去e,（eighth，ninth）；ve要用f替；（fifth，twelfth）整十基数变序数，ty将y变成i

22、 ; th 前面有个e；要是遇到几十几，前用基来后用序。二、冠词 冠词分不定冠词和定冠词两种。 a或an是不定冠词，the是定冠词。a用在辅音音素之前，如 a desk, a tree ; an 用在元音因素之前，如 an apple, an hour, an English book.1. 不定冠词（a,an）指人或事物的某一种类，表示“一个”，但不强调数量。She is a teacher. Thats an orange. 2. 定冠词 the，是特指某（些）人、某（些）物，或指说话人与听话人彼此知道的人或物，或者是在上文提到过的人和事。This is a bus. The bus is

23、 big.3. 不用冠词的情况：1） 专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词前一般不用冠词。如， Chinese, English, Jim等。2） 名词前已经有this, that, my, your等词时，就不再用冠词了。如，that mouse (那只老鼠) 3) 一些固定词组前不用定冠词。如， at home 在家 go to school 去上学*定冠词the的用法记忆口诀：特指、重提和唯一，岛屿、海峡和海湾；海洋、党派、最高级，沙漠、河流与群山；方位、顺序和乐器，年代、团体与机关；船名、建筑和组织，会议、条约与报刊；姓氏复数、国全名，记住定冠the加在前。*零冠词用法口诀：月份、星期、节假洲

24、，呼语、头衔职务前；三餐、球类、惯用语，学科、棋类名词前。冠词和数词专项练习一、在空白处填上适当的冠词，不需要的填“/”。1) at _home 2) go to_ bed 3) go to _school 4) catch _ bad cold 5) have _ good time 6) _red apple 7)_ English book 8) _ spoon 9)_ orange 10) _melon 11) _ eraser二、选择填空1.There is _ “m” in the word “primary”A. an B.a C.the D./2.This is _ orang

25、e bike .A.a B.an C.the D/3.It always takes us half _ hour to have _ long walk after supper .A.a,a B,a ,the C.an , a D.an , the 4.English is _ useful language in _ world .A.an , the B.a , the C.the , / D./ , the 5.We are going to _ cinema this evening .A.the B./ C/a D.an 6.Hes standing on _ other sid

26、e of _ river .A.a , a B.the , the C.the , a D.a , the 7._ potato is a vegetable , not _ fruit .A.The , an B.The , a C.A, the D.An, / 8.He was _ first to come .A.The B.a C.the D./9.Do you see _ book on _ table ?A.the , a B.a, an C.an , an D.a , the 10.Wheres _ desk ? Its in _ middle of the room .A./

27、, / B./ , a C.a , / D.the , the 11.He is _ friend of mine .A.an B./ C.the D.a 12.There is _ university near the farm .A.a B.an C.the D./13.He died in _ autumn of 1989 .A./ B.the C.a D.an 14.I have _ book . I t s _ interesting one . I like reading _ books very much .A.a, an ,/ B.a , / , the C.an , an

28、 , the D./ , an , / 15.Today is _ Childrens Day .A.a B.an C.the D/ 四、用代词填空:1._ , _ and _ are all good friends .A.We , you , they B.You , they , we C.We , they , you D.They , you , we 2._ classroom is big , but _ is much bigger than _ .A.We , they , us B.Our , their , our C.Our , theirs , ours D.Our

29、, theirs , we 3.She lost _ pen . Will you lend her _ ?A.her , yours B.his , your C.hers , you D.their , yourself 4. “What are you doing ?” “I am looking at _ in the mirror ?”A.me B.myself C.itself D.himself 能力测试卷（冠词和数词）一、 写出相邻的数词1. twenty 2. five 3. twelve 4. fifty-eight 5. ninety 6. seventy 7. thir

30、ty-eight 8. one hundred 9. one thousand 10. one 二、选择正确答案1.There are days in a year.A. three hundreds sixty-five B. three hundreds and sixty-fiveC. three hundred and sixty-five D. three hundred and sixty five2.There are students in this school.A. eight hundreds and forty-six B. eight hundred and fort

31、y sixC. eight hundred and forty-six D. eight hundred forty-six3.My brother is in .A. Three Class, One Grade B. Class Three, Grade OneC. Grade One, Class Three D. class three, grade one4.He was doing some washing .A. at eight yesterday morning B. yesterday morning eightC. yesterday morning at eight D

32、. by eight yesterday morning5.There are months in a year. December is the month of the year.A. twelve; twelve B. twelve; twelfth C. twelfth; twelve D. twelve; twelveth6.Sunday is the day of the week.A. seventh B. first C. second D. third7.Autumn is season in a year.A. the fourth B. the third C. a th

33、ird D. third8.Tom was to get to school and I was .A. first; ninth B. the first; the ninth C. a first; a ninth D. the second; the ninth9.Whats the date today? Its .A. Friday B. time to go C. cloudy D. June 4th10.Monday is the second day, and .A. Tuesday is the fourth B. Thursday is the fifthC. the se

34、cond is Tuesday D. the second is Thursday小升初语法形容词和副词A、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。2形容词加er的规则：一般在词尾加er ；以字母e 结尾，加r ；以辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾(除ow结尾)，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ；以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。(5)两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more 如：beautif

35、ul-more beautiful3不规则形容词比较级： good-betterB、副词的比较级1形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动) 在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同 (不规则变化：well-better, far-farther)表示两者之间没有差别时,使用句型：主语(第一个人物) + 谓语动词 + as + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 第二个人物 +.如： Lily ran as slow as an old woman.(莉莉跑得像老太太一样慢)They pi

36、cked as many apples as the farmers.(他们摘的苹果和农民一样多)表示第一个人比不上第二个人时,使用句型：主语(第一个人物) + 谓语动词(否定式) + as + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 第二个人物+.如： Lily did not run as slow as an old woman. (莉莉跑得不像老太太那样慢) They didnt pick as many apples as the farmers. (他们摘的苹果不如农民多)形容词和副词专项练习一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级 old_ young_ tall_ long_ short_ s

37、trong_ big_ small_fat_ thin_ heavy_ light_nice_ good_ beautiful_low_ high_ slow_ fast_late_ early_ far_ _ well_二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1. My brother is two years _(old)than me.2. Tom is as _(fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister _(young) than you? Yes,she is.4. Who is _(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.5. Whose pencil-

38、box is _(big),yours or hers? Hers is.6. Marys hair is as _(long) as Lucys.7.Ben _ (jump) _ (high) than some of the boys in his class. 8._ Nancy sing _ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _. 9.Fangfang is not as _ (tall) as the other girls. 10.My eyes are _(big) than _ (she). 11.Which is _(heavy),the elephan

39、t or the pig? 12.Who gets up _(early),Tim or Tom? 13._the girls get up_(early) than the boys?No,they_.14. Jim runs _(slow). But Ben runs _(slow).15.The child doesnt_(write) as _(fast) as the students.三、翻译句子：1、谁比Jim年纪大？是你。_ is _than Jim？ _ are2、谁比David更强壮？是Gao Shan._ _ than David? Gao Shan _.3、谁的铅笔更长

40、，他的还是她的？我想是她的。_ pencil is _,_or_？_is,I think.4、谁的苹果更重，你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的？ 我的弟弟的。_ apples _ _,your _ or your _?My _ _.5、你和你的叔叔一样高吗？是的。_ _as _as your uncle?Yes,I am.6、他和他的朋友Jim一样年轻。He _ as _ as _ _ Jim.7、她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗？不，她比他瘦。_ _ as _ as_ twin _? No, _ _ than him.8.Yang Ling每天睡得比SuYang晚。 Yang Ling _ to _ _ t

41、han Su Yang every day. 9.我跳得和Mike一样远。 I _ as _ as Mike. 10.Tom比你跑得快吗？不是的,他和我跑得一样快。 _ Tom _ _ than you?No,he _. He_ as_ as_.11.多做运动，你会更强壮。 _ more exercise,youll _ _ soon. 12.我的科学很好，但是语文不好。 I _ _ at Science.But I dont _ well in Chinese. 13. 你放风筝比王兵放得高吗？不，我比他放得低。_you_the kite_than Wang bing?No,I_it _th

42、an_.14.我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。I like_.All my_ _ _than me.15.我的姐姐起得比我早。My_ _ up _than me.16.女孩比男孩唱得好吗？是的。_the girls_ _ _the boys? Yes,they _.17.她不擅长体育。但我跳得没有她高。She doesnt _ _ in PE. But I dont _ _than_.18.你足球踢得比你的同班同学好吗？不，他们踢得和我一样好。_ you _football _than your classmates?No,they_as_as me.19我母亲比我父亲年纪小。My_ _

43、 _than my _.20.她的毛衣和我的一样重。_sweater_ as_as_.21.我的连衣裙太短了。我想买一条大点的。My dress_ too_. I want to _a_one.22. Im taller than Mike .(该成用原级的比较)Im _ as _ as Mike .小升初语法介词1、介词的主要用法：介词是一种虚词,不能独立使用。介词之后一般有名词或代词(宾格)或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作它的宾语,即构成介词短语。有些介词是由两个以上的词构成的短语介词,如：out of(从中出来), away from(距离), next to(在隔壁), in fr

44、ont of(在前方)等。2、介词的分类表： (见下表) 地点(位置、范围)介词： after在后面, at在处, before在.前, behind在.后, beside在.旁边, between在.之间, from来自., in在.里面, near靠近., on在.上面, outside在.外面, under在.下方, in front of在.前, in the middle of在.的中间, at the back of在.的后部,等等。 方向(目标趋向)介词： along沿着., around绕着., at朝着., down向下, for向., from从/离., in进入., into进入., near接近., off脱离/除., out of向.外, outside向.外, to向/朝., up向.上, away from远离. 时间介词：about大约., after在以后, at在 (时刻), before在以前, for有(之久), from从(时)起, in在(上/下午); on在(某日), past过了(时), to到(下一时刻), 方式介词：as作为/当作., by用/由/乘坐/被.