初中语法therebe句型用法及配套练习

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1、一：therebe句型基本认识1、定义：Therebe句型表示某处存在某物或某人。2、结构：(1)Thereis+单数可数名词/不可数名词+地点状语.(2)Thereare+复数名词+地点状语.注意事项：there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语(某人或某物)的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。如： Thereisabirdinthetree.树上有一只鸟。 Thereisateacherandmanystudentsinourclassroom.我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。 The

2、rearetwoboysandagirlunderthetree.树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。二：therebe句型的常考点考点一：各种句型转化。1：变成否定Therebe句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，nota/an/any+n.相当于no+n.。例如：Therearesomepicturesonthewall.Therearentanypicturesonthewall.=Therearenopicturesonthewall.Thereisabikebehindthetree.Thereisn

3、tabikebehindthetree.=Thereisnobikebehindthetree.2：变成一般疑问句Therebe句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。但同时要注意：当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any(否定变化也一样)。ThereissomewateronMars.IsthereanywateronMars?Therearesomefishinthewater.Arethereanyfishinthewater?3：特殊疑问句对主语提问：当主语是人的时候，则用who引导，当主语是物的时候，则用what引导。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之

4、提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如：Therearemanythingsoverthere.Whatsoverthere?Thereisalittlegirlintheroom.Whoisintheroom?对地点状语提问：则用where引导。如：Thereisacomputeronthedesk.Whereisthecomputer?Therearefourchildrenontheplayground.Wherearethefourchildren?对数量提问：般有两种句型结构：Howmany+复数名词+arethere+介词短语？Howmuch+不可数名词+

5、isthere+介词短语？考点二：therebe句型的时态。be可以有现在时(thereis/are)、过去时(therewas/were)、将来时(thereis/aregoingtobe或therewillbe)和完成时(therehave/hasbeen)；还可用theremustbe,therecantbe,thereusedtobe等。如：-Thereaconcertthisevening-Yeah.Excitingnews!A.aregoingtobeB.isgoingtobeC.isgoingtohaveD.willhave考点三：therebe句型反意疑问句的构成：be(not

6、)there?如：Thereissomemilkinthebottle,?AisntthereBarentthereCisntitDarethere考点四：therebe句型的主谓一致：Therebe结构中的be动词要和后面所跟名词保持一致,遵循就近原则。如：1. There_anyriceinthebowl.A.areB.isC.isntD.arent2. There_manyapplesonthetreelastyear.A.havebeenB.wereC.areD.is考点五：therebe句型用的其他动词：therebe句型中有时不用动词be，而用come,live,stand,lie

7、,seemtobe,happentobe,等。如：Thereaknifeandaforkonthetable.(2007黄冈)A.seemstobeB.seemtobeC.isseemingtobeD.are剖析：根据就近原则，首先排除B、D，而therebe句型中有时不用动词be，而用come,live,stand,lie,seemtobe等，所以答案应从A、C中选。感官动词一般不用进行时，故C也不正确。注意事项：therebe句型与have句型的区别Therebe句型和have都表示“有”的含义。区别如下：Therebe表示“某处存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，它表示

8、所有、拥有关系。女如Hehastwosons.他有两个儿子。Therearetwomenintheoffice.办公室里有两个男人。当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时，Therebe句型与其可互换。如：Aweekhassevendays.=Therearesevendaysinaweek.一个星期有七天。三：课堂实地演练I.将下列句子变成否定句和一般疑问句。1. Thereissomewaterinthebottle.2. Therearemanyapplesinthebox.II. 对句子划线部分提问。3. Therearesevendaysinaweek.4. Therearelot

9、sofbooksinourlibrary.5. Thereisaknifeoverthere.6. Thereisalittlemilkintheglass.III. 单项填空。()8.There_notmilkinthecuponthetable.A.are,manyB.are,muchC.is,manyD.is,much()10.Howmany_arethereintheroom?A.appleB.studentsC.milkD.paper()11.Doyouknowif_ameetingnextSunday?A.therewasgoingtohaveB.therewasgoingtobe

10、C.istheregoingtobeD.therewillbe()12.Isthisthelastexamwehavetotake?CNo,butthereanothertestthreemonthslaterfromnow.A.willbegoingtoB.isC.willbeD.hasbeen()13.Theregreatchangesinsuchkindofcomputersinthelastfewyears.A.isB.areC.willbeD.havebeen()14.ThereafilmtomorroweveningAwillhaveBhaveCisgoingtobeDhas()1

11、5.ThereafootballmatchonTVthisevening.A.willhaveB.isgoingtobeC.hasD.isgoingtohave()16.Thereaschoolatthefootofthehill.A.haveB.standC.areD.stands()17.Theresgoingtointomorrowsnewspapers.A.havesomethingnewB.havenewsomethingC.besomethingnewD.benewsomething()19.HowmanyboysthereinClassone?A.beB.isC.areD.am(

12、)20.Therealotofgoodnewsintodaysnewspaper.A.isB.areC.wasD.were()21.Therepencil-box,twobooksandsomeflowersonthedesk.A.isaB.aresomeC.hasaD.havesome()22.Thereanappleandtenbananasinthebasket.Youcantakeanyofthem.A.areB.isC.hasD.have()23.anyflowersonbothsidesofthestreet?AIsthereBArethereCHasDHave()24.There

13、greatchangesinourcountrysince1982.A.havebeenB.wereC.hasbeenD.are()25.Thereislittlewaterintheglass,?A.isntthereB.isntitC.isitD.isthere()26.Thereisnoairorwateronthemoon.Isthere?A.Yes,thereareB.No,thereisntC.Yes,thereisntD.No,thereis()27.Whatdidyouseeinthebasketthen?Thereabottleoforangeandsomeoranges.A

14、.isB.areC.wasD.were()28.anyflowersonbothsidesofthestreet?A.IsthereB.ArethereC.HasD.Have()29.isthereonthetable?A.HowmanyapplesB.HowmuchbreadC.HowmuchbreadsD.Howmanyfood()30.Thereisntpaperinthebox.Willyougoandgetsomeforme?A.anyB.someC.aD.an()31.Howmanyarethereinyourclassroom?A.desksB.deskC.chairD.door

15、()32.Theresomethingwrongwithourclassroom.A.areB.hasC.isD.have()33.Thereissomeonthetable.A.appleB.orangeC.cakeD.sandwichW.汉译英。34. 房子前面有一辆小汽车。35. 今晚不开会。36. 我能为你做点什么吗？37. 山脚下有一棵大树。38. 你们班有多少学生？39. 桌子上放着什么？40. 你丢的那个钱包里有多少钱？参考答案1.Thereisnotanywaterinthebottle.Isthereanywaterinthebottle?2.Therearenotmanya

16、pplesinthebox.Aretheremanyapplesinthebox?II. 3.Howmanydaysarethereinaweek.?4. Howmanybooksarethereinyourlibrary?5. Whats(there)overthere.6.Howmuchmilkisthereintheglass?III. 7-11CDBBD12-16CDCBD17-21CACAA22-26BBADB27-31CBBAA32-33CBIV. 34)Thereisacarinfrontofthehouse.35) Thereisnotgoingtobeameetingtoni

17、ght.36) IsthereanythingIcandoforyou?37) Therestandsatalltreeatthefootofthemountain.38) Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?39) Whatsonthetable?40)Howmuchmoneyisthereinthepurseyouhavelost?情态动词can的基本句型1.肯定句型为:主语+can+动词原形+其它。例如：Theycanplaybasketball.他们能打篮球。Shecandance.她会跳舞。YoucangotowatchTV.你可以去看电视了。2.

18、否定句型为:主语+cannot(cant/cannot)+动词原形+其它。表示某人不能(不会。不可能)做。其中cant是cannot的缩略式，英国多写成cannot。例如：Youcannotpasstheballlikethis.你不能像这样传球。Icantrideamotorbike.我不会骑摩托车。3. 疑问句句型分为:一般疑问句句型和特殊疑问句句型两种类型。一般疑问句句型为:Can+主语+动词原形+其它。表示某人会(能。可以)做吗？,用于口语时,常表示请求或许可。其肯定答语用Yes，主语+can.作答;否定答语用No,主语+cant作答。注意答语中作主语的人称代词,应根据问句中的主语作相

19、应的变化。其变化规则为:第一人称问,则第二人称答;第二人称问,则第一人称答;第三人称问,第三人称答。例如: -CanyousinganEnglishsongforus?你可以为我们大家唱一首英语歌吗？-Yes.行。(注意在Yes后面常省略Ican) -CanIskate?我可以滑冰吗？-Yes,youcan.可以。 -Cansheclimbhills?她能爬山吗？-No,shecant.不，她不能。特殊疑问句句型为:a.Who+can+动词原形+其它。该句型中who相当于主语。例如：-WhocansinginEnglishinyourclass?你们班上谁会用英语唱歌？-Lilycan.莉莉会

20、。b. 特殊疑问词(作定语)+名词+can+主语+动词原形+其它。该句型中的特殊疑问词常用howmany,howmuch等。例如:-Howmanyboatscanyouseeintheriver?你能看见河中有多少只船吗？-Onlyoneboat.仅有一只。c. 特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其它。该句型中的特殊疑问词常用what,where,when等,一般用肯定陈述句作答。例如:-Whatcanyouseeinthepicture?你能在图画中看到什么？-Icanseesomebirdsandtwobigtreesinit.我能看到一些鸟儿和两棵大树。友情链接情态动词can与2003

21、年中考题电脑显示单项选择。1. -Canyouplaywithayo-yo,Jim?-Yes,I.Itseasy.(北京市)A.mustB.canC.NeedD.may2. YougoandaskMeimei.Sheknowtheanswer.（天津市）A.must,canB.must,mayC.need,canD.can,may3. -Itakethemagazine杂志）outofthereadingroom?-No,youmustnt.（乐山市）A.MustB.CanC.Need4. -MayIchangethefilmhere?-No,youdothatinthesun-shine.（南通市）A.needntB.wouldntC.donthavetoD.cantKeys:1-4BDBD