高二英语必掌握知识点总结

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1、高二英语必驾驭学问点总结“学习苦，学习累，学习还要交学费，不如参加”又一首新出炉的顺口溜以每秒30万米的速度飞速传播。对我们来说，最厌烦而又最重要的，便是学习。以下是我给大家整理的高二英语必驾驭学问点总结，盼望能帮助到你!高二英语必驾驭学问点总结1一、不定式做主语：1、不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。=动名词doing 表示习惯的，常常的动作。e.g: To finish the building in a month is difficult.To do such things is foolish.To see is to believe. (对等)注: 1). 不定式作主语时,谓语用

2、单数2). 当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，而将不定式放到谓语的后面。it做形式主语，不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于以下构造中：(1)It is/was +adj.+of sb. to do(2) It is +adj.+for sb.+to doIt is easy / difficult / hard / foolish / unwise / right / wrong / unnecessary(3) it is +a +名词+ to do.It is a pity / a pleasure / a pleasant thing / ones duty / an honor /

3、 a shame / a crime / no easy job to doIt takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience to doIt requires courage / patience / hard work to do_留意: probable 和 possible 均可作表语，但possible可以用不定式作真实主语， 而probable不能用不定式作真实主语。It is probable for him to come to the meeting.(错)It is possible for him to come to the me

4、eting.It is possible / probable that he will come to the meeting.二、不定式做表语主语是以aim duty hope idea intention plan job suggestion wish purpose task 等为中心词的名词词组 或以 what 引导的名词性从句表示，后面的不定式说明其内容, 不定式作表语常表示将来或此时此刻的动作或状态。eg :My idea is to climb the mountain from the north.Your mistake was not to write that let

5、ter.What I would suggest is to start work at once.三 、动词不定式作宾语以不定式构造为宾语的动词有：ask, agree, care, choose, demand, decide, expect, fail, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish等只能用动词不定式作宾语口诀(接不定式作宾语的动词)想要学习 早准备( want learn plan)快准备 有盼望( prepare hope wish expec

6、t)同意否 供选择(agree offer choose)确定了 已容许(decide be determined promise)尽力去 着手做(manage undertake)别拒绝 别假装(refuse pretend)失败不是属于你(fail)e.g.Tom refused to lend me his pen.We hope to get there before dark.The girl decided to do it herself._留意:某些及物动词可用-ing也可用动词不定式作宾语但意义不同的有stop go on remember forgetregret try

7、mean cant helpbe used to高二英语必驾驭学问点总结21.倒装句的定义：英语最根本的词序是主语在谓语动词的前面。假如把谓语动词放在主语前面，就叫做倒装。2. 倒装句的构成a) 完全倒装将句子的主语和谓语完全颠倒过来，称之为完全倒装。Are you from here? 你是本地人吗?Now comes the chance. 时机来了。b) 局部倒装只将助动词、系动词或情态动词移至主语之前，谓语的其他局部仍保存在主语的后面，称之为局部倒装。例如：Has he come? 他来了吗?Seldom have we felt as comfortable as here. 我们难

8、得像在这里这么安适。Only in this way can we do the work better.只有这样我们才能把工作做得更好。3. 倒装的缘由a) 句子语法构造的须要。例如：Did you attend the meeting? 你参加会议了吗?Long live peace! 和平万岁!b) 一些句型的固定用法。例如：Such were his last words. 他最终的话就是这样。c)强调的须要。倒装以后，句子更加流畅生动。例如：Never before have we seen such a sight. 以前我们从来没有见过这样的情景。Before us lay a

9、lot of difficulties. 在我们前面有很多困难。Often did we warn them not to do so. 我们曾屡次警告他们不要这样做。4. 倒装句的根本用法a) 构成疑问句(除对主语或主语之定语提问的特殊疑问句外)：When are we going to drink to your happiness? 我们什么时候喝你们的喜酒?Have you seen the film? 你看了那部_吗?b) 在以here, there, now, then, in, away, up down等副词开头的句子中:Away went the crowd one by o

10、ne. 人们一个一个地离去。Here comes our teacher! 我们的老师来了!c) 副词only+状语放在句首时:Only then did he realize his mistakes . 只有在那时他才相识到自己的错误。Only in this way can you learn maths well . 只有用这种方法你才能学好数学。d) 含有否认意义的副词或连词(如little, hardly, never, rarely, no soonerthan等)放在句首时:Little did I think that he could be back alive. 我没有想

11、到他竟能活着回来。Not until New Years Day shall I give you a gift. 我要到元旦那天才能给你礼物。Hardly had the train arrived at the station when we ran towards the sleeping car looking for our guests.火车刚一进站，我们就跑到卧车那儿去找我们的客人。e) 副词so或 neither(nor)在句首:He is interested in pop-songs, and so am I.他对流行歌曲感爱好，我也如此。He hasnt been to

12、the countryside, neither does he want to go there.他没有去过农村，他也不想去那里。f) 在方式状语thus开头的句子中及程度状语so放句首:Thus ended his life. 这样完毕了他的生命。So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him . 他讲话的声音那样大，连隔壁屋子里的人都听得见。2. so作“也”讲时，引导的句子用倒装语序，例如：He went to the film last night. So did I. 他昨天晚上去看_了

13、，我也去了。如不作“也”讲而只起连词作用，表示一种结果的意思，句子就要用正常语序。例如：His mother told him to go to the film. So he did. 他母亲叫他去看_，他就去了。“He is a tall thin man.” “So he is.” “他又高又瘦。” “的确如此。”3. 某些让步状语从句往往把表语提到主语前面或放在句首，以构成倒装构造。例如：No matter how interesting the book is，he doesnt like to read it.不管这本书多好玩，他都不想看。However hard a solid

14、may be，we can change its shape. 不管一个固体有多硬，我们都可以变更其形态。Young as he is, he knows a lot. 虽然他年轻，却知道很多东西。4. 在虚拟语气中，假如非真实条件句省略if，须将主句中的were, had和should等助动词和主语颠倒形成局部倒装。例如：Were he younger (= If he were younger), he would learn skating. 假设他年轻一些，他就会去学溜冰。Should they forget (= If they should forget) to bring a m

15、ap with them, they would get lost in the woods假如他们遗忘带一张地图的话，他们就会在深林里迷路。Had they realized (= If they had realized) how important the task was, they wouldnt have refused toaccept it. 假设他们相识到这个任务是多么重要的话，他们就不致于拒绝承受这项任务。高二英语必驾驭学问点总结31.非谓语动词的构成和语法功能及用法比照。2.非谓语动词的完成式、被动式的用法和特点。3.非谓语动词的复合构造及否认形式。4.不定式与动名词，动

16、名词与此时此刻分词，此时此刻分词与过去分词，分词作状语与独立构造等用法比照。5.不定式和动名词在及物动词后作宾语的区分是考察的热点。6.过去分词作定语，不定式和分词作宾语补足语的用法。7.不定式标记to和介词to的用法判定等。8.带to与不带to的不定式的用法及区分。考点一、考察谓语动词与非谓语动词的识别英语句子至少应当包括主语与谓语两局部, 而多数状况下谓语都由动词来充当。假如对句子成分划分不清，把谓语动词与非谓语动词混淆, 做题效果可想而知。要克制这一毛病，关键在于正确判定、识别动词在句中是否充当谓语。如：1. The children (play) _ the violin over t

17、here will go on the stage next week.依据句子构造，我们可以看出这是一个简洁句。主语是The children，谓语局部是will go on the stage，动词play明显在句中不作谓语，应用非谓语动词形式。依据play与它的逻辑主语children之间的主动关系以及拉小提琴动作正在进展，可以判定用此时此刻分词作定语修饰children，意为“正在那边拉小提琴的小孩”，因而正确答案为playing。考点二、考察作状语的非谓语动词的辨析作状语的非谓语动词主要考察其各种形式的辨析，即是选择动词不定式、此时此刻分词还是过去分词作状语, 不同的状语对非谓语动词

18、的要求不同。 动词不定式主要作目的、结果和缘由状语;此时此刻分词和过去分词主要作时间、缘由、条件、让步、方式和伴随状语，两者不同之处在于：此时此刻分词作状语时，此时此刻分词的动作就是句子主语的动作,即它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，它们之间的关系是主动关系，而过去分词作状语时，虽然它的逻辑主语也是句子的主语，但过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。请看下面例题：1._tired of Toms all-talk-no-action attitude, Julia decided to do the job all by herself.A) To get B) To h

19、ave gotC) Getting D) Have got一般来说，在句子中没有连接词的状况下, 逗号是无力连接两个句子的。据此，首先可以确定 这是一个简洁句，非谓语动词短语放在句首作状语。依据非谓语动词短语get tired of与其逻辑主语Julia之间的主动关系，以及谓语动词与非谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生，没有明显的先后依次，可以断定应用此时此刻分词一般式作缘由状语,即“由于厌倦了Tom只说不做的工作看法”，故正确答案为C。考点三、考察非谓语动词逻辑主语的辨别非谓语动词虽然在句中不作谓语，但照旧有自己逻辑上的主语。历年各种考试的重点在于正确辨别非谓语动词的逻辑主语是什么，两者之间是

20、主动关系还是被动关系，特殊是非谓语动词作状语的时候。我们知道，当非谓语动词放在句首作状语的时候，一般来说，它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，那么，当它的逻辑主语不是句子的主语时，又会出现什么现象呢?请看下面例题：1. The last bus (go)_, we had to walk home.2. Weather (permit)_, the spaceship will be launched tomorrow evening.这两个非谓语动词短语的逻辑主语都不是句子的主语，而是分别有它自己的逻辑主语，即“是 末班车开走了，而不是我们走了”,“是天气允许,而不是飞船允许”，这种现象或构造就是独

21、立主格构造。依据非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动关系,正确答案分别为having gone和permitting。高二英语必驾驭学问点总结3Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.Well-known for their expertise, his parents company .Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.Exhausted, I slid into the bed and fell fast

22、 asleep.过去分词作状语：过去分词作状语时，说明动作发生的背景或状况，其等同于一个状语从句。vt 过去分词作状语时与主句主语构成被动关系，表示被动和完成，vi 过去分词表示状态或动作的完成。Heated , water changes into steam .The professor came in, followed by a group of young people .1 作缘由状语，等于as / since / because 引导从句Moved by what she said ,we couldnt help crying . = ( As we are moved by

23、what she said 2 作时间状语，等于when 引导时间从句，假如分词表示的动作与谓语的动作同时发生，可在分词前加when/ while / until 等使时间意义更明确。When heated , water can be changed into steam .Seen from the hill ,the park looks very beautiful .= ( When the park is seen from the hill3 作条件状语等于 if / whether 引导从句Given more attention , the cabbages could ha

24、ve grown better .= ( If they have been given more attention .Compared with you , we still have a long way to go = ( If we are compared with you 4 作方式或伴随状语The actress came in , followed by her fans .She sat by the window , lost in thought .5 作让步状语Much tired ,he still kept on working .=(Although he wa

25、s tired ,) he .6 独立主格构造： 当分词的逻辑主语不是主句主语时，分词可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种构造称为独立主格构造。常用来表示伴随状况。The boy rushed into the classroom , his face covered with sweat .All things considered ,your article is of great value than hers .Rewrite with proper conjunctionsExample : United we stand, divided we fall.If we are united

26、, we will stand, but if we are divided,we will fall.1 Asked what had happened, he told us about it.When he was asked what had happened, 2 Well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures.Because he was well known for his expert advice, 3 Given more time, we would be ab

27、le to do the work much better.If we were given more time,4 Once translated into Chinese, the book became very popular among Chinese teenagers.Once it was translated into Chinese,5 Deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor.Because she was deeply interested in medicine,6 Left alone

28、 at home, Sam did not feel afraid at all.Although he was left alone at home,此时此刻分词与过去分词作状语此时此刻分词作状语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，;而过去分词与其逻辑主语之间那么表示被动关系。Seeing these pictures, I couldnt help thinking of those days when I was in Beijing . Seen from the top of a thirty-storeyed building, Beijing looks more magnifice

29、nt. (see)选择此时此刻分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出，分词就选用此时此刻分词，反之就用过去分词。例如：Used for a long time, the book looks old.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。Using the book, I find it useful.在运用的过程中，我发觉这本书很有用留意:1.系表示主语所处的状态_ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. ( lose)_ in white, she looks more beautiful.(

30、dress)be lost inbe dressed inbe interested inbe devoted tobe supposed to? be caught in the rainbe seated inbe prepared forbe determined to2.不与主语保持相同的固定构造generally speaking一般说来strictly/ frankly speaking 严格地说/坦白地说judging from 从判定all things considered 从整体来看taking all things into consideration全面看来例如：Judging from his face, he must be ill.从他的脸色看，他必需是病了。Generally speaking, dogs can run faster than pigs.总的来说，狗比猪跑得快。 (speaking 不是dogs 的动作)高二英语必驾驭学问点总结