完整版人教版高中英语选修7Unit4知识点详解

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1、 Unit 4 Sharing 核心单词 1. relevant adj. 有关的；切题的 常用结构： be relevant to= have sth. to do with 与有关 The meeting is relevant to the matter in hand. 这次会议与正在进行的事情有密切关系。 In the exams, make sure that everything you write is relevant to the questions you have been asked. 在考试时一定要注意，你写的所有内容都要切合题意。 联想拓展 relevance n

2、.关联；相关性 have relevance to与有关 be irrelevant to 与无关 have no relevance to=have nothing to do with与无关 What you say has no relevance to the subject.你所说的与主题无关。 表示“和有关”的相关短语： be related to be connected with be concerned with be linked to be associated with be involved in have something to do with 高手过招 单项填空

3、 Topics for compositions should be to the experiences and interests of the students. A. concerned B. dependent C. concerning D. Relevant 解析：选D。句意为：作文的题目应与学生的经历和兴趣有关。be relevant to与有关；而concerning 是介词，相当于about,后面不加to。 2. adjust vt.&vi.调整；使适合 I usually adjust my watch before I go to work in the morning

4、.我通常早上上班前校准我的表。 常用结构： adjust(sth.oneself)(to sth.)使适应；适应 It seems that the newcomers have adjusted themselves in the schoo1.新来的同学看来适应了学校生活。 He adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country.他使自己很快适应了这个国家炎热的气候。 These desks and chairs can be adjusted to the height of any child.这些桌子和凳子能被调整到适

5、页12 共 页1 第 合任何孩子的高度。 联想拓展 adjustment n. 调整；修正 adjustable adj. 可调节的；可调整的注意：该词作不及物动词时，意为“适应于”，后常跟介词to。 高手过招 (1)单项填空 You cant see things clearly through a telescope unless it is correctly to your sight. A. adjusted B. examined C. checked D. tested You can this desk the height of any child. A. adjust; t

6、o B. make; to C. suit; to D. remain; for (2)翻译句子 （原创） 他很快就适应了这种生活方式，从此幸福地生活着。 许多新兵没能很快的适应军中生活，结果病倒了。 解析：(1)选A。句意为：通过望远镜你看不清东西，除非你把它调好。adjust .to 调整以适应。 选A。句意为: 你可以调节这张桌子以适应孩子的身高。 adjust sth. to sth.调整某物以适应某物。 (2)He soon adjusted himself to the way of life and has lived happily ever since. Quite a fe

7、w new soldiers could not adjust themselves to army life and fell ill. 3. participate vi. 参加,参与；有关系 常用结构： participate in参加,参与 participate in sth. with sb. 同某人参与某事 Everyone in class is expected to participate in these discussions. 希望全班同学都能参与这些讨论。 联想拓展 participant n. 参加者,参与的人 participation n. 参与；分享 易混辨

8、析 participate in/attend/join/take part in/join in participate in 正式用语，表示参加，参与。强调与他人共同参加某一活动，暗示以一种积极的态度参加。 attend 正式用语，一般用于指参加会议，出席典礼或招待会等，也可以指上学，听课，听演讲或讲座等。 join 常用词，作及物动词；通常指参加某组织或团体，并成为其中的一员，其宾语往往是the army/party/team/club等。 take part in 指参加群众性的活动，侧重说明主语参加该项活动并在其中发挥一定的作用。part 前若有修饰语，要用不定冠词。如take (a

9、n active) part in school/activities。 join in 参加正在进行的活动，其宾语一般是竞赛、娱乐、谈话、讨论、聚会、游戏等名词，可以用于join in (doing) sth./join sb. in (doing) sth. 结构中。 页12 共 页2 第 高手过招 (1)单项填空 The teacher is easy-going, and she often in the pupilsgames. A. participates B. acts C.joined D. took part (2)用方框内所给单词或短语的适当形式填空 （原创） join/

10、join in/take part in/attend/participate in They all the plot. At the age of eighteen, he the party. The children the English Evening and had a good time. He didnt school yesterday because of his illness. Zhou Enlai the student movements actively when he was at school. (1)解析：选A。由时态可排除C，D两项；根据句意表示的是“参

11、加一个活动”可知，答案选A。 (2)participated in joined joined in attend took part in 4. privilege n. 特权；特别待遇 vt. 给予特权 常用结构： enjoy privileges 享受特权 the privilege of doing sth./to do sth.有幸做某事 privilege sb. from . 给某人特权使某人免于 I hope to have the privilege of working with them again. 但愿有幸和他们再度合作。 联想拓展 privileged adj.有特

12、权的 be privileged to do sth.荣幸地去做某事 We are privileged to welcome you as our speaker this evening.我们荣幸地欢迎你今晚来给我们做演讲。 解析：选B。句意为：女士们，先生们，我非常荣幸地介绍今晚的演讲嘉宾。privilege of doing sth./to do sth.有幸做某事。 5. donate v. 捐赠，赠送 常用结构： donate sth. to sb. 向某人捐赠某物 She donated a large sum of money to the charity.她捐了一大笔钱给那个

13、慈善机构。 The van was donated to us by a local firm.这辆货车是当地一家公司捐赠给我们的。 联想拓展 donation n. 捐赠；捐赠物；捐款 make/give/present a donation to sb. 捐赠给某人 send a donation to 把捐款寄至 promise a donation 应允捐赠 高手过招 完成句子 （原创） He (捐赠)a million to the school. 页12 共 页3 第 The rest of the money we get is (来自捐赠). 答案：donated from d

14、onations 单项填空 ( )(1)Local people are lining up to _ blood for the badly burnt girl in yesterdays big fire. A. abandon B. arrange C. donate D. handle ( )(2)If we all save a little money every day to _ to the Project Hope, then many dropouts can return to school again. A. send B. donate C. present D.

15、give (1)C (2)B 6. purchase vt.& n.买；购买; (以某种代价)换得；(经过努力)取得，赢得(常与with连用) The new couple spent some money on the purchase of the furniture necessary for their new house. 这对新婚夫妇花费了一些钱购买新房子里必备的家具。 The farm was sold at ten years purchase. 这农场以相当于十年土地收入的价钱售出。 常用结构： made a purchase 买件东西 leave sb.to his pur

16、chase让某人自谋生路 live on ones purchase自谋生计，自找活路 purchase freedom with blood 以血的代价赢得自由 purchase and sale 买卖 高手过招 翻译句子 这是我前几天买来的一件东西。 你不努力什么也不能得到。 他给他的儿子一些钱买课本。 答案： It is a recent purchase of mine/what I purchased the other day. You cant get any purchase without efforts/purchase anything if you dont make

17、any effort. He gave his son some money for the purchase ofto purchase school books. 7. distribution n.分配；分发 分布状态 At present, the distribution of profits cannot satisfy most of the people. 目前利润的分配未能满足大多数人。 联想拓展 distribute vt. 分配; 散布 distribute sth. to 把某物分配/分发给 distribute sth. Among 在分发某物 Before the

18、opening ceremony of the super-market, some workers are sent to distribute handbills on the street.超市开业前，一些工作人员被派去街上散发传单。 高手过招 翻译句子 幼儿园的老师正在给小朋友们派发礼物。 救援物资的发放依然在讨论中。 页12 共 页4 第 答案：The teacher in the kindergarten is distributing the gifts to the children. The distribution of the rescuing goods is unde

19、r discussion. 8. otherwise adv.除此之外其他方面adv.& conj.否则；不然 Well go early, otherwise we may not get a seat.我们得早点去，要不然就没有座位了。 I was ill that day, otherwise I would have taken part in the sports meet.那天我病了，否则我会去参加运动会的。 He is rich, but otherwise an unhappy man.他有钱，但在其他方面是个不幸福的人。 Their arrival livened up an

20、 otherwise dull afternoon. 他们的到来让除了无聊其他还算好的下午活跃起来。 句型 otherwise / or / or else 引导的后面的分句中常用would / could / might / should have done 的形式表示虚拟语气。 They got two free tickets to Canada；otherwise theyd never have been able to afford to go. A surveyors inspection of the building revealed faults that might ot

21、herwise have been overlooked. 单项填空 ( )(1)The program has saved thousands of children who would _ have died. A. therefore B. anyhow C. furthermore D. otherwise ( )(2)I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise I _ you waiting for such a long time. A. will not keep B. have not kept C. ha

22、d not kept D. would not have kept 即境活用10 Make sure the gas is turned off after a bath, which would_cause danger. Asomehow Bmeanwhile Cotherwise Dfurthermore 解析otherwise否则，符合句意。somehow不知怎么地；meanwhile在此期间；furthermore而且。答案C 9. operate v. 根据语境猜词义 (1)More important, it could improve the skills to operate

23、 the computer. (2)A playgroup operates on the campus. (3)The whole tax system is now operating more efficiently. (4)He did this although he only had permission to operate on the right ear. 根据语义找匹配 A. (企业，团体)经营，营业 B. (机器或设备)操作；操纵 C. (系统或过程)运作；运行 D. 动手术；开刀 (1)B (2)A (3)C (4)D 短语 operate on / upon sb.

24、给某人动手术 operate a business经营一家企业 come / go into operation开始工作 / 运转；生效 put / bring into operation实施，施行 页12 共 页5 第 do / perform / carry out an operation实施行动 be in operation在运转中，在行动中，在实施中 完成句子 (1)What skills are needed to _ (操作这台机器)? (2)The new rules _ (开始生效)from next week. (3)The system _ (已经运行)for six

25、 months. (4)We will have to _ (给他的眼睛动手术) (1) operate this machine (2) come into operation (3) has been in operation (4) operate on his eyes voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的10. 所有的这些老师都是志愿工作的。All the teachers work on an entirely voluntary basis. 位病人自愿参加这项研究。Thirty two patients volunteered for the research s

26、tudy.32 在自愿的基础上on a voluntary basis 自愿参加volunteer for. 参加志愿工作do voluntary work 自愿做某事volunteer to do sth. 志愿当volunteer as.He _ as a teacher in Tibet. 即境活用5volunteered BAvoted reacted DCparticipated 。自愿当解析volunteer as B 答案 重点短语 起作用有任何关系或影响；对11. make any (a) difference to 对 It makes a difference which

27、you choose.你选择哪一个，事关重大。你的支持当然会在我们的事业中发挥Your support will certainly make a difference in our cause. 重要作用。 联想拓展 /有一些差别/有一点/有很大的make no/a little/much/some difference没有 的差别tell the difference between 说出 区分 make a difference between 高手过招 单项填空 any difference whether we leave at 9:00 or at 10:00? Does it M

28、ake D. C. give B. be A.Tell difference make any 9点还是10点离开会有什么影响吗？。句意为：我们是 解析：选D 有影响。12. stick out (of sth.) 伸出；突出=stick sth. out of Dont stick your arm out of the car window. 不要把胳膊伸出车窗外。 联想拓展 页12 共 页6 第 stick out for 坚持索取；坚决要求 stick together 团结在一起；站在一起 stick to坚持；忠于 stick up向上突起；竖起 stick up for支持；维护

29、 高手过招 单项填空 Once you made a decision, you should it. A.stick out B. stick to C. persist in D. insist on 解析：选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意为：一旦你作出决定，你就应该坚持下去。stick to+ n./pron. 坚持；stick out 突出；坚持；persist in 固执己见； insist on doing sth. 坚持做某事。根据句意，选B。 13. get through 根据语境猜词义 (1)Lets start; theres a lot of work to get thr

30、ough today. (2)I finally managed to get through my driving test. (3)I tried ringing you several times but I couldnt get through. (4) dont know how were going to get through the winter. 根据语义找匹配 A. 通过 B. 接通 C. 熬过；度过 D. 完成 (1)D (2)A (3)B (4)C 单项填空 ( )(1)Readers can _ quite well without knowing the exac

31、t meaning of each word. A. get over B. get in C. get along D. get through ( )(2)When I was very young, I was terribly frightened of school, but I soon _ it. A. got off B. got away C. got across D. got over 用适当的介词填空 (3)The government managed to get the new law _. (4)Our new manager is easy to get alo

32、ng _. (5)The farmers are busy getting _ crops these days. (1) C (2) D (3) through (4) with (5) in e across偶然遇到或发现;碰见(无被动语态) 用法拓展 come about 发生 come along / on 一起来;一道走;赶快 come out 出来;开花;出版 come at 攻击;扑向 come to 达到;总计为;苏醒(过来) come up with 想出;提出 come to an end 结束 页12 共 页7 第 come into effect / force / u

33、se 生效/开始使用 16.in need在困难中;在危急中 用法拓展 in need / want of需要 the need for sth对的需要 at ones need在某人困难时 satisfy / meet ones needs满足某人的需要 in surprise吃惊地 in trouble处于困境 in danger处于危险中 There is no need to do sth. 没有必要做某事 I understand your company is some new computer equipment.我获悉你们公 司需要一些新计算机设备。 单项填空 (2012浙江杭

34、州高三期中)The charity aims to provide assistance to people . A.in favour B.in particular C.in public D.in need 【答案与解析】D 考查介词短语辨析。由assistance可知此处应该指提供帮助给在困境中的人。in need“在困境中”,符合语境。in favour“赞同”; in particular“尤其”; in public“公开地;当众”。 17. the other day 不久前的一天（一般过去时） one day (过去时或将来时) some day(将来时) 即境活用13 I

35、havent seen Bob these days, and I wonder how things go with him? I_him the other day; he said he worked in a chemical works. Aam going to see Bhave seen Csaw Dhad seen 解析the other day与一般过去时连用。 答案C 重点句型 1. I know youre dying to hear all about my life here, so Ive included some photos which will help

36、you picture the places I talk about. 我知道你急于了解我在这里的生活情况。我在信中附有几张照片，能够帮助你想像出我所谈到的地方。 be dying to do sth意为“极想做某事”。 All of them are dying to see the movie. 他们所有人都极想看那部电影。 联想拓展 be dying for sth. 极想得到某物 (1)表示“渴望”的相关短语: be thirsty for sth. be eager to do sth. desire to do sth. have a strong desire for sth.

37、 long to do sth./ for sth. 页12 共 页8 第 starve for sth. have an urge to do sth. be keen to do sth./ be keen on doing sth. (2) 有关 “die” 的短语 die off相继死亡 die away消逝；静下来 die out灭绝，废除；绝迹 die down平息；变弱 die for ones country为国家捐躯 用die的适当短语填空 (1) You may _ know what your new lady thinks about you and your beha

38、vior. (2) The deer in the forest are all _ from disease. (3) The noise of the car _ in the distance. (4) Those species inadaptable to changing conditions may _. (1) be dying to (2) dying off (3) died away (4) die out 高手过招 单项填空 Smallpox, a kind of disease, has now died . A. out B. away C. off D. Down

39、 解析：选A。考查短语辨析。 die out 灭绝，消失;die away 渐息；die down 平息；die off (花、草)枯死。根据句意，选A。 2. There were no windows and the doorway was just big_enough_to_get_through.没有窗户，门口只能勉强通过。 句法分析(1)enough用作形容词常见的搭配是： enoughn. to do sth.或者n.enough to do sth. enoughn. for sb. to do sth. (2)enough用作副词常见的搭配是： adj./adv.enough

40、(for sb.)to do sth. (3)enough用作代词作主语或宾语时常见的搭配是： enough for.对来说足够了 enough to do sth.足够去做 enough of(doing)sth.太多 3.The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling over everywhere. 有一天,我正在给孩子们做每周一次的化学实验的演示,我还没明白怎么回事,混合剂就到处冒气泡了。 要点精讲

41、本句为一个复杂的复合句,when这个时间状语从句中,由一个before引导的时间状语从句加主句构成。 (2010陕西) John thinks it wont be long he is ready for his new job. A.when B.after C.before D.since 页12 共 页9 第 【答案与解析】C 本题考查句式“it won?t be long before.”,表示“过不了多久就”。句意:约翰认为不久他就能为他的新工作作好准备。 4. But last weekend another teacher, Jenny, and I visit a villa

42、ge which is the home of one of the boys, Tombe. 不过,上周末我和另外一位叫詹妮的教师去访问了一个村庄,那是我学生汤贝的家。 该句中的which引导定语从句,在从句中作主语,可以与that相替换。 (2011四川)The school shop, customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays. A.which B.whose C.when D.where 用关联词完成句子 1.The man I saw told me to wait. 2.Can you think of an

43、yone could look after him? 3.Look at that lady name is Pochi. 4.She is a teacher I like very much. 5.Those pictures were drawn by Tom are nice. 她渴望再见到他，want to see her? She was dying to see him again but what_if he didnt 5. 但如果他不想见她怎么办？What shall we/I ，为省略结构，相当于what if“如果将会怎样；即使又有什么关系”matter what do

44、es it ) what should sb. do (某人该怎么办或do if.? what if 中 what可看做是 )的省略。或 what would happen (将会如何(有什么要紧) What if he gets angry? 倘若他生气该怎么办？What if they do not come? 即使他们不来又有什么关系呢？Why? “为什么？”相当于 拓展：(1)What for? Well hold a party this weekend. 我们要在这个周末开一个聚会。 为什么呢？What for? 有什么关系？(2)So what? 那有什么了不起/ 他说他不喜欢你

45、。He says he doesnt like you. 那有什么关系呢？So what? _we moved the sofa over there? Would that look better? 即境活用2What if BWhat about AHow come D CWhat for ”引导的非限制性定语从句“介词关系代词6他_(Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students，)will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway. 们中大多数 引

46、导的宾语从句后接由whetherdoubt7)Im making any difference to 我真有点怀疑，是否，_(To be honestthese boys lives at all. 自我诊断： I doubt whether most of whom 动词原形的强调句8did确实拜访了一个村，and I_(But last weekend another teacher ，Jenny 页12 共 页10 第 庄)which is the home of one of the boys，Tombe. 9with复合结构在句中作定语 Tombes father，Mukap，led

47、 us to his house，a low bamboo hut_(草伸出了屋顶) 自我诊断： did visit a village with grass sticking out of the roof 10not.but连接两个并列成分（就近原则） The gift you give_(不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是)a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it. 自我诊断： is not something your loved one keeps but Its not your fam

48、ily background but your working ability that decides your future.不是你的家庭背景而是你的工作能力决定了你的前程。 Not his mother but his father takes care of him when he is in hospital now.他现在正在住院，是他爸爸而不是他妈妈照顾他。 本单元语法限制性定语从句 1Shell never forget her stay there_she found her son who had gone missing two years before. Athat B

49、which Cwhere Dwhen 解析：考查定语从句。先行词her stay表示逗留(时间)，在从句中起状语的作用，用关系副词when引导定语从句。答案：D 2There is no doubt that people_take exercise regularly are expected to live longer than those_dont. Awho；who B/；/ Cwho；/ D/；who 解析：题干中的两个定语从句都缺主语，先行词指人，用who引导从句，作主语的who不可省略。 答案：A 3(2011年潍坊二检)Safety in school has been of

50、 great concern because of frequent reports about accidents_students got injured or killed while in school. Ain which Bfor which Cwhich Dwhen 解析：该题考查定语从句。该句中in which引导定语从句修饰先行词accidents。句意：由于对学生在学校受伤或死亡事件的不断报道，学校安全成为一个重要问题。 答案：A 4(2012年浙江卷，9)We live in an age _more information is available with greater ease than ever before. Awhy Bwhen Cto whom Don which 解析：考查定语从句。先行词为age时代表时间，故用when引导定语从句。 答案：B 5This is a reading room，boy.You must act in a way_wont disturb others. Ain which Bit Cwhich Das 页12 共 页11 第 解析：考查定语从句。句意：你的行为举止不能打扰别人(阅读)。空白处需要填一个关系代词，在从句中作主语，故选C。 答案：C 页12 共 页12 第